PRACTICE 2 2026 Expert
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First-line medication for uncomplicated hypertension - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Thiazide diuretic or ACE inhibitor - Thiazides and ACE-Is are first-line;
ACE-I preferred in diabetes for renal protection
Next step for ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Discontinue ACE inhibitor immediately - Angioedema is life-threatening
and ACE-Is are permanently contraindicated
,Labs to check before starting an ACE inhibitor - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Serum
creatinine and potassium - Risk of renal dysfunction and hyperkalemia
Low back pain red flag requiring imaging - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔New urinary
retention - Suggests cauda equina syndrome
Next step for acute monoarticular arthritis with fever - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Joint
aspiration - Must rule out septic arthritis before treating gout
First-line treatment for acute gout flare - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔NSAIDs - First-line
unless contraindicated
Diagnostic confirmation of gout - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Monosodium urate
crystals on synovial fluid - Serum uric acid is not diagnostic
Initial test for suspected PE in low-risk patient - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔D-dimer -
Negative result rules out PE
Next step after positive D-dimer - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔CT pulmonary
angiography - Required to confirm PE
First-line treatment for mild persistent asthma - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Low-dose
inhaled corticosteroid - Cornerstone therapy
, Asthma hospitalization red flag - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Peak flow <50% predicted
- Indicates severe exacerbation
Preferred colon cancer screening at age 45 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Colonoscopy
- Gold standard and diagnostic
COPD patient with frequent exacerbations next step - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Add
inhaled corticosteroid - Reduces exacerbation frequency
Diagnostic test confirming COPD - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Spirometry showing
FEV1/FVC <0.70 - Confirms airflow obstruction
First-line medication for type 2 diabetes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Metformin -
Improves insulin sensitivity with CV benefit
Metformin contraindication - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔eGFR <30 - Risk of lactic
acidosis
Lab monitoring long-term glucose control - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Hemoglobin A1c
- Reflects 3-month average
First-line hypothyroidism treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Levothyroxine -
Synthetic T4 replacement
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