Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey
College Exam 1 Questions and All
Correct Answers.
What during labor increases the risk of neonate acquiring acute encephalitis? - Answer
active herpes simplex virus-2
How do you administer meds? - Answer starting with the lowest dose and titrating up slowly
What is pain is associated with? - Answer actual or potential tissue damage
When pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, what does it result in? - Answer -
increase in BP
- increase in HR
- increase in RR
Where are catecholamines released from? - Answer adrenal medulla
Where are steroid hormones (cortisol & aldosterone) released from? - Answer adrenal
cortex
What does unrelieved pain lead to? - Answer - increases glucagon production
- decreases insulin secretion
- depress immune function
- can lead to addictive behaviors
What initiates inflammation, contributes to tissue sweeling, and pain? - Answer
Prostaglandins
What can nerve root injury lead to? - Answer allodynia (pain that is associated with non-
noxious stimuli)
What is needed for renal blood flow? - Answer Prostaglandin
Pain is? - Answer whatever the patient says it is
,What is the single most reliable indicator of pain? - Answer the patient's self-report
How do NSAID's preimarily produce pain relief? - Answer by preventing prostaglandin
formation
What does acetaminphen not have? - Answer any inflammatory properties
What do you manage nociceptive pain with? - Answer - local anesthetics
- non-opioids
- opioids
What does 0 on the 0 - 10 numeric pain rating scale indicate? - Answer no pain
What does the Wong-Baker FACES pain scale consist of? - Answer cartoon faces that the
patient (ages 3 and up) selects to report thier pain level
What does the visual analog 10cm scale represent? - Answer no pain to the worst pain, the
patient marks a spot somewhere in between indicating their pain level
What pain scale helps indiviuals describe the intensity of pain? - Answer verbal descriptor
scale
What does a comprehensive pain assessment consist of? - Answer - duration (when it
started/lasted)
- type (intensity/assoc factors/influencing fators)
- location
What patients do we avoid the rectal route for med administration? - Answer
thrombocytopenic
What type of effect do topical agents produce? - Answer local
What type of effect do transdermal agents produce? - Answer drug absorption into the
systemic circulation
What would help reduce complications related to pain for patients? - Answer provide a PCA
,How do we administer around the clock pain relief for post-op and chronic pain? - Answer
provide analgesics, never wait for chronic pain to reoccur
What is provided for mild to moderate pain? - Answer aspirin or acetaminaphen
What is provided for moderate pain? - Answer NSAID's
What is provided for severe pain? - Answer morphine
Why would you wake patients who have chronic pain or who have moderate to severe pain
folowing surgery? - Answer to administer prescribed analgcsics
What can excessive use of acetaminophen cause? - Answer hepatoxicity
What does of acetaminophen could lead to hepatoxicity? - Answer 4,000 mg/day
What can NSAID's meds result in? - Answer - gastric ulcers
- contribute to CV events (MI or stroke)
What can the use of NSAID's lead to in patients with volume depletion or who take it for chronic
pain? - Answer acute renal failure
What undesirable effects do opioids produce? - Answer - constipation
- nausea
- pupil constriction
- respiratory distress
Physical dependence and tolerance are not the same as what? - Answer addiction
Why do you never apply heat over a transdermal patch? - Answer it could increase
absorption and result in lethal complications
How should you manage neuropathic pain? - Answer with adjuvant meds such as
antidepressants or anticonvulsants
What should not be used in a clincial practice that it would violate the nurse-patient
relationship? - Answer placebos
, What are some non-pharmacologic pain management strategies? - Answer - physical
modalities
- mind-body methods
- biologic and energy-based therapies
What are the clinical manifestations of hyponatremia? - Answer - headaches
- seizures
- lethargy
- tachycardia
- decreased BP
- thready pulse
- hyperactive bowel sounds
- abdominal cramps
What are signs of hypoxia? - Answer - restlessness
- confusion
- pallor
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
What can vagal stimulation be caused by? - Answer - vomiting
- suctioning
- severe pain
all resulting in bradycardia
What is a loss of transparency of the eye lens, results in blurry vision, decreased visual acuity,
and sensitivity to glare? - Answer a cataract
What are some risk reductions for catarats? - Answer - reducing weight
- smoking cessation
- optimizing blood sugars
- using sunglasses when outdoors
What are S/S of an endopthalmitis (infection) that can occur after catarat surgery? - Answer -
marked by pain
College Exam 1 Questions and All
Correct Answers.
What during labor increases the risk of neonate acquiring acute encephalitis? - Answer
active herpes simplex virus-2
How do you administer meds? - Answer starting with the lowest dose and titrating up slowly
What is pain is associated with? - Answer actual or potential tissue damage
When pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, what does it result in? - Answer -
increase in BP
- increase in HR
- increase in RR
Where are catecholamines released from? - Answer adrenal medulla
Where are steroid hormones (cortisol & aldosterone) released from? - Answer adrenal
cortex
What does unrelieved pain lead to? - Answer - increases glucagon production
- decreases insulin secretion
- depress immune function
- can lead to addictive behaviors
What initiates inflammation, contributes to tissue sweeling, and pain? - Answer
Prostaglandins
What can nerve root injury lead to? - Answer allodynia (pain that is associated with non-
noxious stimuli)
What is needed for renal blood flow? - Answer Prostaglandin
Pain is? - Answer whatever the patient says it is
,What is the single most reliable indicator of pain? - Answer the patient's self-report
How do NSAID's preimarily produce pain relief? - Answer by preventing prostaglandin
formation
What does acetaminphen not have? - Answer any inflammatory properties
What do you manage nociceptive pain with? - Answer - local anesthetics
- non-opioids
- opioids
What does 0 on the 0 - 10 numeric pain rating scale indicate? - Answer no pain
What does the Wong-Baker FACES pain scale consist of? - Answer cartoon faces that the
patient (ages 3 and up) selects to report thier pain level
What does the visual analog 10cm scale represent? - Answer no pain to the worst pain, the
patient marks a spot somewhere in between indicating their pain level
What pain scale helps indiviuals describe the intensity of pain? - Answer verbal descriptor
scale
What does a comprehensive pain assessment consist of? - Answer - duration (when it
started/lasted)
- type (intensity/assoc factors/influencing fators)
- location
What patients do we avoid the rectal route for med administration? - Answer
thrombocytopenic
What type of effect do topical agents produce? - Answer local
What type of effect do transdermal agents produce? - Answer drug absorption into the
systemic circulation
What would help reduce complications related to pain for patients? - Answer provide a PCA
,How do we administer around the clock pain relief for post-op and chronic pain? - Answer
provide analgesics, never wait for chronic pain to reoccur
What is provided for mild to moderate pain? - Answer aspirin or acetaminaphen
What is provided for moderate pain? - Answer NSAID's
What is provided for severe pain? - Answer morphine
Why would you wake patients who have chronic pain or who have moderate to severe pain
folowing surgery? - Answer to administer prescribed analgcsics
What can excessive use of acetaminophen cause? - Answer hepatoxicity
What does of acetaminophen could lead to hepatoxicity? - Answer 4,000 mg/day
What can NSAID's meds result in? - Answer - gastric ulcers
- contribute to CV events (MI or stroke)
What can the use of NSAID's lead to in patients with volume depletion or who take it for chronic
pain? - Answer acute renal failure
What undesirable effects do opioids produce? - Answer - constipation
- nausea
- pupil constriction
- respiratory distress
Physical dependence and tolerance are not the same as what? - Answer addiction
Why do you never apply heat over a transdermal patch? - Answer it could increase
absorption and result in lethal complications
How should you manage neuropathic pain? - Answer with adjuvant meds such as
antidepressants or anticonvulsants
What should not be used in a clincial practice that it would violate the nurse-patient
relationship? - Answer placebos
, What are some non-pharmacologic pain management strategies? - Answer - physical
modalities
- mind-body methods
- biologic and energy-based therapies
What are the clinical manifestations of hyponatremia? - Answer - headaches
- seizures
- lethargy
- tachycardia
- decreased BP
- thready pulse
- hyperactive bowel sounds
- abdominal cramps
What are signs of hypoxia? - Answer - restlessness
- confusion
- pallor
- tachycardia
- tachypnea
What can vagal stimulation be caused by? - Answer - vomiting
- suctioning
- severe pain
all resulting in bradycardia
What is a loss of transparency of the eye lens, results in blurry vision, decreased visual acuity,
and sensitivity to glare? - Answer a cataract
What are some risk reductions for catarats? - Answer - reducing weight
- smoking cessation
- optimizing blood sugars
- using sunglasses when outdoors
What are S/S of an endopthalmitis (infection) that can occur after catarat surgery? - Answer -
marked by pain
