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3 causes of venous thrombosis also called, Virchow's Triad - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Venous stasis, trauma/endothelial damage, hypercoagulability
Venous stasis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Slowed blood flow in veins. Caused by
immobility, myocardial infarction, CHF, hypotension, COPD, obesity,
pregnancy, previous DVT, extrinsic compression, SVC syndrome,
paraplegia, surgery associated conditions.
,2 types of Trauma/endothelial damage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Intrinsic and
extrinsic
Intrinsic trauma is - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Damage to the vessel wall from
intravenous drugs or a catheter. Increased use of PICC line results in
higher incidence of upper extremity thrombus, usually developing at most
proximal portion of PICC line.
Extrinsic trauma is - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Damage caused by an accident, which
can occur at any site of the body.
Hypercoagulability is associated with - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pregnancy, cancer,
oral contraceptives and/or hormone replacement therapy, inherited
states,e.g., factor V Leiden or protein C, protein S, or Antithrombin III
deficiency
Sensitivity, and
How to calculate? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Ability of a test to detect disease, how
many tests are correctly called positive.
- # of true positives divided by # of all positive tests by gold standard, or
TP/TP+FN
, Specificity, and how to calculate? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Ability of a test to
identify normality, or how many results were correctly called negative.
- # of true negative divided by # of all negative tests by gold standard, or
TN/TN+FP
Positive predictive value, and how to calculate? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-
percentage of test results that accurately predict abnormality, or what %
correctly predicted disease.
- # of true positive test divided by # of all positive tests, or TP/TP+FP
Negative predictive value, and how to calculate? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-
percentage of test results that accurately predict normality, or what %
correctly predicted absence of disease.
- # of true negatives divided by # of all negative tests, or TN/TN+FN
Accuracy, and how to calculate? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- % of correct tests, or
how well does the test both detect and rule out disease.
- total # of correct tests divided by total # of all tests, or
TP+TN/TP+FP+FN+TN
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