CAPSTONE FINAL EXAM REVIEW
200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED 2026 2027 FINAL
COMPLETE PRACTICE QUESions
EXAM
---
### 1. A nurse manager is implementing a shared governance model.
Which statement by a staff nurse indicates understanding?
**A)** “The manager will make all unit decisions.”
**B)** “Nurses at the bedside will have a voice in decision-making.”
**C)** “Decisions will be made by the hospital administration.”
**D)** “Only charge nurses will participate in governance.”
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Shared governance empowers staff nurses to
participate in decisions affecting their practice, promoting autonomy
and accountability.
---
,### 2. Which leadership style is most effective during a code blue
situation?
**A)** Laissez-faire
**B)** Democratic
**C)** Autocratic
**D)** Transformational
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** Autocratic leadership provides clear, direct commands
necessary in emergencies where time is critical.
---
### 3. A nurse is precepting a new graduate. Which action
demonstrates clinical reasoning?
**A)** Following a checklist without deviation
**B)** Recognizing a change in patient status and notifying the
provider
**C)** Completing tasks in order of preference
**D)** Delegating all assessments to the assistive personnel
**Answer:** B
,**Rationale:** Clinical reasoning involves recognizing subtle changes
and taking appropriate action.
---
### 4. Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event?
**A)** A patient falls but is not injured
**B)** A medication error that is caught before administration
**C)** A wrong-site surgery
**D)** A delay in discharge paperwork
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence involving
death or serious physical/psychological injury, such as wrong-site
surgery.
---
### 5. A patient refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs.
What should the nurse do?
**A)** Administer the blood transfusion anyway
**B)** Notify the provider and respect the patient’s decision
**C)** Ask family members to persuade the patient
, **D)** Document the refusal but proceed with treatment
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Respect for patient autonomy requires honoring
informed refusal; the provider should be informed to explore
alternatives.
---
### 6. Which quality improvement model uses the steps Plan-Do-Study-
Act?
**A)** Six Sigma
**B)** Lean
**C)** PDSA
**D)** FOCUS-PDCA
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) is a cyclical model for testing
changes in quality improvement.
---
200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED 2026 2027 FINAL
COMPLETE PRACTICE QUESions
EXAM
---
### 1. A nurse manager is implementing a shared governance model.
Which statement by a staff nurse indicates understanding?
**A)** “The manager will make all unit decisions.”
**B)** “Nurses at the bedside will have a voice in decision-making.”
**C)** “Decisions will be made by the hospital administration.”
**D)** “Only charge nurses will participate in governance.”
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Shared governance empowers staff nurses to
participate in decisions affecting their practice, promoting autonomy
and accountability.
---
,### 2. Which leadership style is most effective during a code blue
situation?
**A)** Laissez-faire
**B)** Democratic
**C)** Autocratic
**D)** Transformational
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** Autocratic leadership provides clear, direct commands
necessary in emergencies where time is critical.
---
### 3. A nurse is precepting a new graduate. Which action
demonstrates clinical reasoning?
**A)** Following a checklist without deviation
**B)** Recognizing a change in patient status and notifying the
provider
**C)** Completing tasks in order of preference
**D)** Delegating all assessments to the assistive personnel
**Answer:** B
,**Rationale:** Clinical reasoning involves recognizing subtle changes
and taking appropriate action.
---
### 4. Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event?
**A)** A patient falls but is not injured
**B)** A medication error that is caught before administration
**C)** A wrong-site surgery
**D)** A delay in discharge paperwork
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence involving
death or serious physical/psychological injury, such as wrong-site
surgery.
---
### 5. A patient refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs.
What should the nurse do?
**A)** Administer the blood transfusion anyway
**B)** Notify the provider and respect the patient’s decision
**C)** Ask family members to persuade the patient
, **D)** Document the refusal but proceed with treatment
**Answer:** B
**Rationale:** Respect for patient autonomy requires honoring
informed refusal; the provider should be informed to explore
alternatives.
---
### 6. Which quality improvement model uses the steps Plan-Do-Study-
Act?
**A)** Six Sigma
**B)** Lean
**C)** PDSA
**D)** FOCUS-PDCA
**Answer:** C
**Rationale:** PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) is a cyclical model for testing
changes in quality improvement.
---
