Unit-1 – Basics of Computer Graphics
What is computer Graphics?
Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures, lines, charts, etc. using computers with the help of
programming. Computer graphicsimage is made up of number of pixels. Pixel is the smallest addressable
graphical unitrepresented on the computer screen.
Introduction
Computer is information processing machine. User needs to communicatewith computer and the
computer graphics is oneof the most effective and commonly used ways of communication with the
user.
It displays the information in the form of graphical objects such as pictures, charts, diagramand graphs.
Graphical objects convey more information in less timeand easily understandable formats for example
staticallygraph shown in stock exchange.
In computer graphics picture or graphics objects are presented as a collection of discrete pixels.
We can control intensityand color of pixel which decide howpicture look like.
The special procedure determines which pixel will provide the best approximation to the desired picture
or graphics object this process is known as Rasterization.
Theprocess of representing continuous picture or graphics object as a collection of discrete pixels is
called Scan Conversion.
Advantages of computer graphics
Computer graphics is one of the mosteffectiveand commonly used ways of communication with
computer.
It provides tools for producing picture of “real‐world”as well as synthetic objects such as mathematical
surfaces in 4D and of data that have no inherent geometry such as survey result.
It has ability to showmoving pictures thus possibleto produce animations with computer graphics.
With theuseof computer graphics wecan control theanimation by adjusting the speed, portion of
picture in view theamount of detail shown and so on.
It provides tools called motion dynamics. In which user can move objects as well as observes as per
requirement for example walk throw made by builder to show flat interior and surrounding.
It provides facility called update dynamics. With this we can change theshape color and other properties
of object.
Nowin recent development of digital signal processing and audio synthesis chip the interactivegraphics
can now provide audio feedback along with the graphical feed backs.
Application of computer graphics
User interface: ‐ Visual object which we observe on screen which communicateswith user isone of the
most useful applications of the computer graphics.
Plotting of graphicsand chart in industry, business, government and educational organizations drawing
like bars, pie‐charts, histogram’s are very useful for quick and good decision making.
Office automation and desktop publishing: ‐It is used for creation and dissemination of information. It is
used in in‐house creation and printing of documents which contains text, tables, graphs and other forms
of drawn or scanned images or picture.
Computer aided drafting and design: ‐It uses graphics to design components and system such as
automobile bodies structures of building etc.
Prof.JigyasaMishra,CSEDepartment |2290224–Computer Graphics 1
, Unit-1 – Basics of Computer Graphics
Simulation and animation: ‐Useof graphics in simulation makes mathematic models and mechanical
systems more realistic and easy to study.
Art and commerce: ‐There are many tools provided by graphics which allows used to make their picture
animated and attracted which areused in advertising.
Process control: ‐Nowa day’s automation is used which is graphically displayed on the screen.
Cartography: ‐ Computer graphics is also used to represent geographic maps, weather maps,
oceanographic charts etc.
Education and training: ‐Computergraphics can beused to generate models of physical, financial and
economic systems. Thesemodelscan be used as educational aids.
Image processing: ‐It is used to process imageby changing property of the image.
Hardware and Software:
Input Devices:
1. Touch Panels
2. Light pens
3. Graphic Tablets
Prof.JigyasaMishra,CSEDepartment |2290224–Computer Graphics 2
, Unit-1 – Basics of Computer Graphics
4. Micro‐Phone
5. Film Recorder
6. Mouse
7. Joysticks
8. Keyboard
9. Data Gloves
10. Image Scanner
Prof.JigyasaMishra,CSEDepartment |2290224–Computer Graphics 3
What is computer Graphics?
Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures, lines, charts, etc. using computers with the help of
programming. Computer graphicsimage is made up of number of pixels. Pixel is the smallest addressable
graphical unitrepresented on the computer screen.
Introduction
Computer is information processing machine. User needs to communicatewith computer and the
computer graphics is oneof the most effective and commonly used ways of communication with the
user.
It displays the information in the form of graphical objects such as pictures, charts, diagramand graphs.
Graphical objects convey more information in less timeand easily understandable formats for example
staticallygraph shown in stock exchange.
In computer graphics picture or graphics objects are presented as a collection of discrete pixels.
We can control intensityand color of pixel which decide howpicture look like.
The special procedure determines which pixel will provide the best approximation to the desired picture
or graphics object this process is known as Rasterization.
Theprocess of representing continuous picture or graphics object as a collection of discrete pixels is
called Scan Conversion.
Advantages of computer graphics
Computer graphics is one of the mosteffectiveand commonly used ways of communication with
computer.
It provides tools for producing picture of “real‐world”as well as synthetic objects such as mathematical
surfaces in 4D and of data that have no inherent geometry such as survey result.
It has ability to showmoving pictures thus possibleto produce animations with computer graphics.
With theuseof computer graphics wecan control theanimation by adjusting the speed, portion of
picture in view theamount of detail shown and so on.
It provides tools called motion dynamics. In which user can move objects as well as observes as per
requirement for example walk throw made by builder to show flat interior and surrounding.
It provides facility called update dynamics. With this we can change theshape color and other properties
of object.
Nowin recent development of digital signal processing and audio synthesis chip the interactivegraphics
can now provide audio feedback along with the graphical feed backs.
Application of computer graphics
User interface: ‐ Visual object which we observe on screen which communicateswith user isone of the
most useful applications of the computer graphics.
Plotting of graphicsand chart in industry, business, government and educational organizations drawing
like bars, pie‐charts, histogram’s are very useful for quick and good decision making.
Office automation and desktop publishing: ‐It is used for creation and dissemination of information. It is
used in in‐house creation and printing of documents which contains text, tables, graphs and other forms
of drawn or scanned images or picture.
Computer aided drafting and design: ‐It uses graphics to design components and system such as
automobile bodies structures of building etc.
Prof.JigyasaMishra,CSEDepartment |2290224–Computer Graphics 1
, Unit-1 – Basics of Computer Graphics
Simulation and animation: ‐Useof graphics in simulation makes mathematic models and mechanical
systems more realistic and easy to study.
Art and commerce: ‐There are many tools provided by graphics which allows used to make their picture
animated and attracted which areused in advertising.
Process control: ‐Nowa day’s automation is used which is graphically displayed on the screen.
Cartography: ‐ Computer graphics is also used to represent geographic maps, weather maps,
oceanographic charts etc.
Education and training: ‐Computergraphics can beused to generate models of physical, financial and
economic systems. Thesemodelscan be used as educational aids.
Image processing: ‐It is used to process imageby changing property of the image.
Hardware and Software:
Input Devices:
1. Touch Panels
2. Light pens
3. Graphic Tablets
Prof.JigyasaMishra,CSEDepartment |2290224–Computer Graphics 2
, Unit-1 – Basics of Computer Graphics
4. Micro‐Phone
5. Film Recorder
6. Mouse
7. Joysticks
8. Keyboard
9. Data Gloves
10. Image Scanner
Prof.JigyasaMishra,CSEDepartment |2290224–Computer Graphics 3
