VIRGINIA COMMERCIAL PESTICIDE
APPLICATORS EXAM (CATAGORY 1A)
AG PLANT PEST CONTROL
when-should-you-take-action-to-control-a-pest?---ans-✔✔if-the-pest-reaches-a-level-that-
exceeds-the-economic-threshold
what-is-the-main-reason-to-use-pesticides-on-agricultural-land?---ans-✔✔to-prevent-a-pest-
population-from-reaching-and-economic-injury-level
what-are-the-main-types-of-agricultural-plant-pests-covered-in-this-manual?---ans-
✔✔insects,-mites,-diseases,-nematodes,-and-weeds
briefly-describe-IPM---ans-✔✔IPM-is-an-an-ecological-approach-to-pest-control.-it-means-
using-all-available-tactics-to-manage-pests-below-an-economic-threshold-level.-most-
important,-it-combines-the-most-effective-pest-control-strategies-into-a-unified,-site-
specific-plan.-this-plan-may-include-cultural,-biological,-and-mechanical-control-methods-
as-well-as-chemical-ones.
name-crop-groups-that-are-Virginia's-important-agricultural-crops---ans-✔✔christmas-
trees
non-crop-agricultural-land
pasture/forage
small-fruits
small-grains
tree-fruits
vegetables
what-are-the-main-commercial-fruits-in-Virginia?---ans-✔✔apples,-peaches-and-nectarines
blackberries,-raspberries,-strawberries,-and-blueberries
grapes
describe-how-to-deal-with-the-public-when-you-are-applying-pesticides---ans-✔✔be-well-
informed-about-your-task,-and-be-courteous-to-everyone-you-talk-to.-tell-people-you-are-
committed-to-safety-and-your-environment.-explain-what-you-are-doing-and-why.
, where-can-you-get-specific,-current,-pesticide-information?---ans-✔✔From-the-Pest-
Management-Guide-PMG-series.-and-the-Commercial-Vegetable-Production-
Recommendations-and-Spray-Bulletin-for-Commercial-Tree-Fruit-Growers.
As-a-pest-manager,-why-should-you-understand-the-developmental-stages-of-
arthropods?---ans-✔✔1.-it-helps-to-identify-many-insect-pests,-which-may-radically-
change-appearance-from-one-stage-to-the-next
2.-it-will-help-find-insect-pests-depending-on-which-life-cycle-stage-they-are-in.-many-
insects-will-attach-crops-in-one-stage-but-not-another.
what-are-the-main-arachnid-pests-of-ag-plants-and-how-do-they-harm-the-crops?---ans-
✔✔Mites--they-suck-plant-juices-and-feed-on-the-underside-of-leaves-as-well-as-stems-
and-petioles.-mites-disfigure-the-plants-they-feed-on.-they-cause-a-general-decline-in-
condition-and-yield-loss-in-severe-cases.
what-is-a-major-host-plant-of-the-cereal-rust-mite-in-Virginia-and-describe-injury-
symptoms---ans-✔✔Timothy-hay--when-cereal-rust-mites-feed-on-leaves,-the-cells-
collapse.-toxins-in-the-saliva-prevent-new-leaves-from-unfolding-and-cause-older-leaves-
to-curl.-also-causes-slow-growth,-stunting-and-discoloration.
describe-how-the-European-red-mite-injures-grapes-and-other-fruit-and-when-it-is-most-
damaging---ans-✔✔these-mites-feed-on-leaves,-destroy-chlorophyll-and-decrease-
photosynthesis.-they-remove-sap-with-piercing-sucking-mouth-parts.-most-damaging-in-
late-spring-and-summer.
name-2-mites-that-are-particular-pests-of-pear-trees-in-Virginia.-how-do-they-damage-pear-
crops?---ans-✔✔The-pear-leaf-blister-mite-and-the-pear-rust-mite.
pear-leaf-blister-mite-burrows-into-pear-leaf-tissue,-forming-galls-or-blisters-on-the-
undersides-of-the-leaves.-the-pear-rust-mite-causes-bronzing-and-russeting-on-the-leaves-
and-fruit
what-are-some-of-the-spruce-spider-mite's-host-trees?-what-re-some-signs-of-infection?---
ans-✔✔spruce,-juniper,-hemlock,-and-douglas-fir.-these-mites-suck-on-the-older-needles-
of-trees,-causing-a-fine-stippling.-Eventually,-the-foliage-looks-bleached.-the-motes-spin-a-
webbing-of-fine-silk-around-twigs-and-needles.-in-the-lower-crowns-of-large-trees
why-are-two-spotted-spider-mites-so-troublesome?---ans-✔✔twospotted-spider-mites-
infest-many-crops-in-virginia.-agriculturally,-they-are-the-most-important-spider-mite-
species-in-the-world.-in-some-crops,-they-cause-complete-defoliation.-infested-plants-are-
stunted-and-may-die.-dense-infestations-often-reduce-fruit-yield,-cause-stippling-and-
bronzing-of-the-leaves-and-produce-deformed-leaves.-they-may-also-severely-disrupt-
photosynthesis-in-host-plants.
APPLICATORS EXAM (CATAGORY 1A)
AG PLANT PEST CONTROL
when-should-you-take-action-to-control-a-pest?---ans-✔✔if-the-pest-reaches-a-level-that-
exceeds-the-economic-threshold
what-is-the-main-reason-to-use-pesticides-on-agricultural-land?---ans-✔✔to-prevent-a-pest-
population-from-reaching-and-economic-injury-level
what-are-the-main-types-of-agricultural-plant-pests-covered-in-this-manual?---ans-
✔✔insects,-mites,-diseases,-nematodes,-and-weeds
briefly-describe-IPM---ans-✔✔IPM-is-an-an-ecological-approach-to-pest-control.-it-means-
using-all-available-tactics-to-manage-pests-below-an-economic-threshold-level.-most-
important,-it-combines-the-most-effective-pest-control-strategies-into-a-unified,-site-
specific-plan.-this-plan-may-include-cultural,-biological,-and-mechanical-control-methods-
as-well-as-chemical-ones.
name-crop-groups-that-are-Virginia's-important-agricultural-crops---ans-✔✔christmas-
trees
non-crop-agricultural-land
pasture/forage
small-fruits
small-grains
tree-fruits
vegetables
what-are-the-main-commercial-fruits-in-Virginia?---ans-✔✔apples,-peaches-and-nectarines
blackberries,-raspberries,-strawberries,-and-blueberries
grapes
describe-how-to-deal-with-the-public-when-you-are-applying-pesticides---ans-✔✔be-well-
informed-about-your-task,-and-be-courteous-to-everyone-you-talk-to.-tell-people-you-are-
committed-to-safety-and-your-environment.-explain-what-you-are-doing-and-why.
, where-can-you-get-specific,-current,-pesticide-information?---ans-✔✔From-the-Pest-
Management-Guide-PMG-series.-and-the-Commercial-Vegetable-Production-
Recommendations-and-Spray-Bulletin-for-Commercial-Tree-Fruit-Growers.
As-a-pest-manager,-why-should-you-understand-the-developmental-stages-of-
arthropods?---ans-✔✔1.-it-helps-to-identify-many-insect-pests,-which-may-radically-
change-appearance-from-one-stage-to-the-next
2.-it-will-help-find-insect-pests-depending-on-which-life-cycle-stage-they-are-in.-many-
insects-will-attach-crops-in-one-stage-but-not-another.
what-are-the-main-arachnid-pests-of-ag-plants-and-how-do-they-harm-the-crops?---ans-
✔✔Mites--they-suck-plant-juices-and-feed-on-the-underside-of-leaves-as-well-as-stems-
and-petioles.-mites-disfigure-the-plants-they-feed-on.-they-cause-a-general-decline-in-
condition-and-yield-loss-in-severe-cases.
what-is-a-major-host-plant-of-the-cereal-rust-mite-in-Virginia-and-describe-injury-
symptoms---ans-✔✔Timothy-hay--when-cereal-rust-mites-feed-on-leaves,-the-cells-
collapse.-toxins-in-the-saliva-prevent-new-leaves-from-unfolding-and-cause-older-leaves-
to-curl.-also-causes-slow-growth,-stunting-and-discoloration.
describe-how-the-European-red-mite-injures-grapes-and-other-fruit-and-when-it-is-most-
damaging---ans-✔✔these-mites-feed-on-leaves,-destroy-chlorophyll-and-decrease-
photosynthesis.-they-remove-sap-with-piercing-sucking-mouth-parts.-most-damaging-in-
late-spring-and-summer.
name-2-mites-that-are-particular-pests-of-pear-trees-in-Virginia.-how-do-they-damage-pear-
crops?---ans-✔✔The-pear-leaf-blister-mite-and-the-pear-rust-mite.
pear-leaf-blister-mite-burrows-into-pear-leaf-tissue,-forming-galls-or-blisters-on-the-
undersides-of-the-leaves.-the-pear-rust-mite-causes-bronzing-and-russeting-on-the-leaves-
and-fruit
what-are-some-of-the-spruce-spider-mite's-host-trees?-what-re-some-signs-of-infection?---
ans-✔✔spruce,-juniper,-hemlock,-and-douglas-fir.-these-mites-suck-on-the-older-needles-
of-trees,-causing-a-fine-stippling.-Eventually,-the-foliage-looks-bleached.-the-motes-spin-a-
webbing-of-fine-silk-around-twigs-and-needles.-in-the-lower-crowns-of-large-trees
why-are-two-spotted-spider-mites-so-troublesome?---ans-✔✔twospotted-spider-mites-
infest-many-crops-in-virginia.-agriculturally,-they-are-the-most-important-spider-mite-
species-in-the-world.-in-some-crops,-they-cause-complete-defoliation.-infested-plants-are-
stunted-and-may-die.-dense-infestations-often-reduce-fruit-yield,-cause-stippling-and-
bronzing-of-the-leaves-and-produce-deformed-leaves.-they-may-also-severely-disrupt-
photosynthesis-in-host-plants.
