VIRGINIA COMMERCIAL PESTICIDE
APPLICATORS EXAM (CATAGORY 1A)
AG PLANT PEST CONTROL
when=should=you=take=action=to=control=a=pest?=-=ans-
✔✔if=the=pest=reaches=a=level=that=exceeds=the=economic=threshold
what=is=the=main=reason=to=use=pesticides=on=agricultural=land?=-=ans-
✔✔to=prevent=a=pest=population=from=reaching=and=economic=injury=level
what=are=the=main=types=of=agricultural=plant=pests=covered=in=this=manual?=-=ans-
✔✔insects,=mites,=diseases,=nematodes,=and=weeds
briefly=describe=IPM=-=ans-
✔✔IPM=is=an=an=ecological=approach=to=pest=control.=it=means=using=all=available=tact
ics=to=manage=pests=below=an=economic=threshold=level.=most=important,=it=combines=
the=most=effective=pest-control=strategies=into=a=unified,=site-
specific=plan.=this=plan=may=include=cultural,=biological,=and=mechanical=control=metho
ds=as=well=as=chemical=ones.
name=crop=groups=that=are=Virginia's=important=agricultural=crops=-=ans-
✔✔christmas=trees
non-crop=agricultural=land
pasture/forage
small=fruits
small=grains
tree=fruits
vegetables
what=are=the=main=commercial=fruits=in=Virginia?=-=ans-
✔✔apples,=peaches=and=nectarines
blackberries,=raspberries,=strawberries,=and=blueberries
grapes
describe=how=to=deal=with=the=public=when=you=are=applying=pesticides=-=ans-
✔✔be=well=informed=about=your=task,=and=be=courteous=to=everyone=you=talk=to.=tell=
people=you=are=committed=to=safety=and=your=environment.=explain=what=you=are=doin
g=and=why.
, where=can=you=get=specific,=current,=pesticide=information?=-=ans-
✔✔From=the=Pest=Management=Guide=PMG=series.=and=the=Commercial=Vegetable=
Production=Recommendations=and=Spray=Bulletin=for=Commercial=Tree=Fruit=Growers.
As=a=pest=manager,=why=should=you=understand=the=developmental=stages=of=arthrop
ods?=-=ans-
✔✔1.=it=helps=to=identify=many=insect=pests,=which=may=radically=change=appearance=
from=one=stage=to=the=next
2.=it=will=help=find=insect=pests=depending=on=which=life-
cycle=stage=they=are=in.=many=insects=will=attach=crops=in=one=stage=but=not=another.
what=are=the=main=arachnid=pests=of=ag=plants=and=how=do=they=harm=the=crops?=-
=ans-✔✔Mites-
=they=suck=plant=juices=and=feed=on=the=underside=of=leaves=as=well=as=stems=and=pe
tioles.=mites=disfigure=the=plants=they=feed=on.=they=cause=a=general=decline=in=conditi
on=and=yield=loss=in=severe=cases.
what=is=a=major=host=plant=of=the=cereal=rust=mite=in=Virginia=and=describe=injury=sym
ptoms=-=ans-✔✔Timothy=hay-
=when=cereal=rust=mites=feed=on=leaves,=the=cells=collapse.=toxins=in=the=saliva=preve
nt=new=leaves=from=unfolding=and=cause=older=leaves=to=curl.=also=causes=slow=growt
h,=stunting=and=discoloration.
describe=how=the=European=red=mite=injures=grapes=and=other=fruit=and=when=it=is=mo
st=damaging=-=ans-
✔✔these=mites=feed=on=leaves,=destroy=chlorophyll=and=decrease=photosynthesis.=the
y=remove=sap=with=piercing=sucking=mouth=parts.=most=damaging=in=late=spring=and=s
ummer.
name=2=mites=that=are=particular=pests=of=pear=trees=in=Virginia.=how=do=they=damage
=pear=crops?=-=ans-✔✔The=pear=leaf=blister=mite=and=the=pear=rust=mite.
pear=leaf=blister=mite=burrows=into=pear=leaf=tissue,=forming=galls=or=blisters=on=the=un
dersides=of=the=leaves.=the=pear=rust=mite=causes=bronzing=and=russeting=on=the=leav
es=and=fruit
what=are=some=of=the=spruce=spider=mite's=host=trees?
=what=re=some=signs=of=infection?=-=ans-
✔✔spruce,=juniper,=hemlock,=and=douglas=fir.=these=mites=suck=on=the=older=needles=
of=trees,=causing=a=fine=stippling.=Eventually,=the=foliage=looks=bleached.=the=motes=s
pin=a=webbing=of=fine=silk=around=twigs=and=needles.=in=the=lower=crowns=of=large=tre
es
why=are=two-spotted=spider=mites=so=troublesome?=-=ans-
✔✔twospotted=spider=mites=infest=many=crops=in=virginia.=agriculturally,=they=are=the=
most=important=spider=mite=species=in=the=world.=in=some=crops,=they=cause=complete
APPLICATORS EXAM (CATAGORY 1A)
AG PLANT PEST CONTROL
when=should=you=take=action=to=control=a=pest?=-=ans-
✔✔if=the=pest=reaches=a=level=that=exceeds=the=economic=threshold
what=is=the=main=reason=to=use=pesticides=on=agricultural=land?=-=ans-
✔✔to=prevent=a=pest=population=from=reaching=and=economic=injury=level
what=are=the=main=types=of=agricultural=plant=pests=covered=in=this=manual?=-=ans-
✔✔insects,=mites,=diseases,=nematodes,=and=weeds
briefly=describe=IPM=-=ans-
✔✔IPM=is=an=an=ecological=approach=to=pest=control.=it=means=using=all=available=tact
ics=to=manage=pests=below=an=economic=threshold=level.=most=important,=it=combines=
the=most=effective=pest-control=strategies=into=a=unified,=site-
specific=plan.=this=plan=may=include=cultural,=biological,=and=mechanical=control=metho
ds=as=well=as=chemical=ones.
name=crop=groups=that=are=Virginia's=important=agricultural=crops=-=ans-
✔✔christmas=trees
non-crop=agricultural=land
pasture/forage
small=fruits
small=grains
tree=fruits
vegetables
what=are=the=main=commercial=fruits=in=Virginia?=-=ans-
✔✔apples,=peaches=and=nectarines
blackberries,=raspberries,=strawberries,=and=blueberries
grapes
describe=how=to=deal=with=the=public=when=you=are=applying=pesticides=-=ans-
✔✔be=well=informed=about=your=task,=and=be=courteous=to=everyone=you=talk=to.=tell=
people=you=are=committed=to=safety=and=your=environment.=explain=what=you=are=doin
g=and=why.
, where=can=you=get=specific,=current,=pesticide=information?=-=ans-
✔✔From=the=Pest=Management=Guide=PMG=series.=and=the=Commercial=Vegetable=
Production=Recommendations=and=Spray=Bulletin=for=Commercial=Tree=Fruit=Growers.
As=a=pest=manager,=why=should=you=understand=the=developmental=stages=of=arthrop
ods?=-=ans-
✔✔1.=it=helps=to=identify=many=insect=pests,=which=may=radically=change=appearance=
from=one=stage=to=the=next
2.=it=will=help=find=insect=pests=depending=on=which=life-
cycle=stage=they=are=in.=many=insects=will=attach=crops=in=one=stage=but=not=another.
what=are=the=main=arachnid=pests=of=ag=plants=and=how=do=they=harm=the=crops?=-
=ans-✔✔Mites-
=they=suck=plant=juices=and=feed=on=the=underside=of=leaves=as=well=as=stems=and=pe
tioles.=mites=disfigure=the=plants=they=feed=on.=they=cause=a=general=decline=in=conditi
on=and=yield=loss=in=severe=cases.
what=is=a=major=host=plant=of=the=cereal=rust=mite=in=Virginia=and=describe=injury=sym
ptoms=-=ans-✔✔Timothy=hay-
=when=cereal=rust=mites=feed=on=leaves,=the=cells=collapse.=toxins=in=the=saliva=preve
nt=new=leaves=from=unfolding=and=cause=older=leaves=to=curl.=also=causes=slow=growt
h,=stunting=and=discoloration.
describe=how=the=European=red=mite=injures=grapes=and=other=fruit=and=when=it=is=mo
st=damaging=-=ans-
✔✔these=mites=feed=on=leaves,=destroy=chlorophyll=and=decrease=photosynthesis.=the
y=remove=sap=with=piercing=sucking=mouth=parts.=most=damaging=in=late=spring=and=s
ummer.
name=2=mites=that=are=particular=pests=of=pear=trees=in=Virginia.=how=do=they=damage
=pear=crops?=-=ans-✔✔The=pear=leaf=blister=mite=and=the=pear=rust=mite.
pear=leaf=blister=mite=burrows=into=pear=leaf=tissue,=forming=galls=or=blisters=on=the=un
dersides=of=the=leaves.=the=pear=rust=mite=causes=bronzing=and=russeting=on=the=leav
es=and=fruit
what=are=some=of=the=spruce=spider=mite's=host=trees?
=what=re=some=signs=of=infection?=-=ans-
✔✔spruce,=juniper,=hemlock,=and=douglas=fir.=these=mites=suck=on=the=older=needles=
of=trees,=causing=a=fine=stippling.=Eventually,=the=foliage=looks=bleached.=the=motes=s
pin=a=webbing=of=fine=silk=around=twigs=and=needles.=in=the=lower=crowns=of=large=tre
es
why=are=two-spotted=spider=mites=so=troublesome?=-=ans-
✔✔twospotted=spider=mites=infest=many=crops=in=virginia.=agriculturally,=they=are=the=
most=important=spider=mite=species=in=the=world.=in=some=crops,=they=cause=complete
