WGU Pathophysiology D236 | STUDY GUIDE
Describe how your body responds to an infection. T cells produce cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital Alterations of DNA
abnormalities?
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
disruptions affect wellbeing.
Explain RAAS Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
, How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which Potassium
electrolyte?
West Nile Virus Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms;
high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of
red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with Spina bifida
_____.
Trousseau's sign arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This
causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis,
double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis inflammation of the skin
eczema noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs,
and itching
decubitus ulcer sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections caused by exposure
to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
Describe how your body responds to an infection. T cells produce cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital Alterations of DNA
abnormalities?
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
disruptions affect wellbeing.
Explain RAAS Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
, How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which Potassium
electrolyte?
West Nile Virus Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms;
high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of
red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with Spina bifida
_____.
Trousseau's sign arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This
causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis,
double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis inflammation of the skin
eczema noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs,
and itching
decubitus ulcer sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue infections caused by exposure
to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders, spreads
