MED SURG 2 EXAM 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
GRADED A+ 2026/2027
Conditions affecting CNS (brain and spinal
cord) -
Alzheimers
- Parkinsons
- Multiple sclerosis
Conditions affecting the PNS (peripheral nervous system) ALS
Hematologic changes associated with aging- Decrease in blood volume with lower
levels of plasma proteins
- Bone marrow produces fewer blood cells
- Decreased protein production from old liver
- RBC (H&H) and WBC count lower
- Lymphocytes are less reactive to antigens, and
lose immune function
Sickle cell anemia s/s - One sided arm weakness
, - Swelling of feet and hands
- New onset paralysis of extremities
- Sudden inability to be aroused
Nursing safety priority: spleen rupture Do not palpate the splenic area of the
abdomen for any patient with a suspected
hematologic problem. An enlarged spleen
rupture easily, which can lead to hemorrhage
and death!
Bone marrow biopsy - Cells and fluids are suctioned from bone
marrow usually taken from the iliac crest
- Results provide info about bone marrow
function, including the production of all blood
cells and platelets
- Sterile procedure
- Place patient in prone position or side laying
Bone marrow biopsy patient education - Heavy sensation of pressure may be
felt as needle is inserted
- Crunching or scraping sensation felt as needle
punctures the bone
- Notify HCP if bleeding, discharge, swelling, or
warmth appear
, - Mild pain may be felt around needle insertion
site or in back for several days
Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy follow up care - Prevent excessive
bleeding
- Teach to inspect the site every 2 hours
for 24 hours for active bleeding or
bruising
- Avoid activity that could result in trauma for 48
hours
- Analgesic (aspirin-free) and ice packs can
be placed around the site to limit bruising
Lymph node biopsy Done by fine-needle aspiration, core needle
aspiration, or surgical removal to assess for
cancer cells and it can be used to confirm
diagnosis of lymphoma
Hemolytic diagnostics - Laboratory tests of cell number and function
- Laboratory tests measuring bleeding and
coagulation
- Laboratory tests measuring blood group, type,
and Rh factor
CN II and III assessment - Vision, visual fields, and pupil reaction
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
GRADED A+ 2026/2027
Conditions affecting CNS (brain and spinal
cord) -
Alzheimers
- Parkinsons
- Multiple sclerosis
Conditions affecting the PNS (peripheral nervous system) ALS
Hematologic changes associated with aging- Decrease in blood volume with lower
levels of plasma proteins
- Bone marrow produces fewer blood cells
- Decreased protein production from old liver
- RBC (H&H) and WBC count lower
- Lymphocytes are less reactive to antigens, and
lose immune function
Sickle cell anemia s/s - One sided arm weakness
, - Swelling of feet and hands
- New onset paralysis of extremities
- Sudden inability to be aroused
Nursing safety priority: spleen rupture Do not palpate the splenic area of the
abdomen for any patient with a suspected
hematologic problem. An enlarged spleen
rupture easily, which can lead to hemorrhage
and death!
Bone marrow biopsy - Cells and fluids are suctioned from bone
marrow usually taken from the iliac crest
- Results provide info about bone marrow
function, including the production of all blood
cells and platelets
- Sterile procedure
- Place patient in prone position or side laying
Bone marrow biopsy patient education - Heavy sensation of pressure may be
felt as needle is inserted
- Crunching or scraping sensation felt as needle
punctures the bone
- Notify HCP if bleeding, discharge, swelling, or
warmth appear
, - Mild pain may be felt around needle insertion
site or in back for several days
Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy follow up care - Prevent excessive
bleeding
- Teach to inspect the site every 2 hours
for 24 hours for active bleeding or
bruising
- Avoid activity that could result in trauma for 48
hours
- Analgesic (aspirin-free) and ice packs can
be placed around the site to limit bruising
Lymph node biopsy Done by fine-needle aspiration, core needle
aspiration, or surgical removal to assess for
cancer cells and it can be used to confirm
diagnosis of lymphoma
Hemolytic diagnostics - Laboratory tests of cell number and function
- Laboratory tests measuring bleeding and
coagulation
- Laboratory tests measuring blood group, type,
and Rh factor
CN II and III assessment - Vision, visual fields, and pupil reaction
