PN1006 MIDTERM EXAM AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026
UPDATED.
(Infection) airborne - Answer M: measles
T: tb
V: varicella
Infection: Droplet - Answer S- scarlet fever, sepsis
P = porovirus, pnenumonia, pertussis
I - influenza
D - diptheria
E - epiglottis
R - rubella
M - mumps, meningitis
AN - adenovirus
infection: contact - Answer M-
R - resp infection
S - skin infection
W - would infection
E - enteric/cdiff
E - eye infection
HAIs (healthcare associated infections) - Answer - nosocomial infection
- infections present after admission
chain of infection - Answer transmission -> portal of entry -> host susceptibility -> infectious
agent -> resvoir -> portal of exit
course of infection by stage - Answer - incubation = entrance of pathogen in body
- Prodromal stage = non specific symptoms, microorganism grow and multiply
- Illness = specific symptoms
- Convalesce = body going back to normal
, defence against infection - Answer - normal flora (in stomach, hairs in nose)
- body system defence: skin being multilayered, mucus, cilia, blinking, gastric acids, low ph in
vagina
- inflammation -> heat, redness, swelling
after inflammation:
- vascular response: blood vessels widen
- cellular response: WBC going to defence
- inflammatory exudate - pus -> tissue repair
Aseptic Techniques - Answer - using practices and procedures to prevent contamination from
pathogens
- medical asepsis ( clean technique) = reduces organisms and prevents transfer
- surgical asepsis (sterile) = Destroys microorganisms and their spores
Medical asepsis (clean technique) - Answer - Clean your hands before and after touching a
patient using hand sanitizer or soap.
- Know if a patient is at higher risk of infection (due to age, illness, stress, etc.).
- Understand how infections spread and take steps to stop it.
- Use clean techniques (asepsis) in all patient care.
- Safely use and dispose of equipment to protect others.
- Watch for common areas where hospital infections start, like the lungs or bladder, and take
action to prevent them.
Cohorting - Answer putting two pt w like infections tgt
who is greater risk for infection - Answer - Older adults are at greater risk for infection
(geriatrics)
Standard Precautions - Answer - Used for all patients, regardless of risk or presumed
infection status
- Apply to blood, blood products, all body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), nonintact
skin, and mucous membranes
airborne precautions - Answer - N95
- isolation room w negative pressure
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026
UPDATED.
(Infection) airborne - Answer M: measles
T: tb
V: varicella
Infection: Droplet - Answer S- scarlet fever, sepsis
P = porovirus, pnenumonia, pertussis
I - influenza
D - diptheria
E - epiglottis
R - rubella
M - mumps, meningitis
AN - adenovirus
infection: contact - Answer M-
R - resp infection
S - skin infection
W - would infection
E - enteric/cdiff
E - eye infection
HAIs (healthcare associated infections) - Answer - nosocomial infection
- infections present after admission
chain of infection - Answer transmission -> portal of entry -> host susceptibility -> infectious
agent -> resvoir -> portal of exit
course of infection by stage - Answer - incubation = entrance of pathogen in body
- Prodromal stage = non specific symptoms, microorganism grow and multiply
- Illness = specific symptoms
- Convalesce = body going back to normal
, defence against infection - Answer - normal flora (in stomach, hairs in nose)
- body system defence: skin being multilayered, mucus, cilia, blinking, gastric acids, low ph in
vagina
- inflammation -> heat, redness, swelling
after inflammation:
- vascular response: blood vessels widen
- cellular response: WBC going to defence
- inflammatory exudate - pus -> tissue repair
Aseptic Techniques - Answer - using practices and procedures to prevent contamination from
pathogens
- medical asepsis ( clean technique) = reduces organisms and prevents transfer
- surgical asepsis (sterile) = Destroys microorganisms and their spores
Medical asepsis (clean technique) - Answer - Clean your hands before and after touching a
patient using hand sanitizer or soap.
- Know if a patient is at higher risk of infection (due to age, illness, stress, etc.).
- Understand how infections spread and take steps to stop it.
- Use clean techniques (asepsis) in all patient care.
- Safely use and dispose of equipment to protect others.
- Watch for common areas where hospital infections start, like the lungs or bladder, and take
action to prevent them.
Cohorting - Answer putting two pt w like infections tgt
who is greater risk for infection - Answer - Older adults are at greater risk for infection
(geriatrics)
Standard Precautions - Answer - Used for all patients, regardless of risk or presumed
infection status
- Apply to blood, blood products, all body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), nonintact
skin, and mucous membranes
airborne precautions - Answer - N95
- isolation room w negative pressure
