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Patho Exam 5 - Module 9: Renal Verified and
Updated Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
Kidneys receive
Answer: 1000 to 1200 ml/min of blood.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Answer: -Filtration of plasma into the Bowman space
-120 to 140 ml of plasma per minute
-Directly related to the perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
If mean arterial pressure decreases or renal artery vascular resistance increases, then
the renal blood flow
Answer: decreases.
Glomerulus is freely permeable to
Answer: water and relatively impermeable to large colloids such as plasma proteins.
Size and electrical charge are important factors that affect
Answer: permeability.
-Positive-charged particles permeate the membrane more readily than neutral- or
negative-charged particles.
Net filtration pressure
Answer: -The combined effect of forces favoring and forces opposing filtration.
-Favoring forces: Capillary hydrostatic pressure
-Opposing forces: Oncotic pressure in the capillary and hydrostatic pressure in
Bowman capsule
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Answer: the nephron
Function of the nephron
Answer: -Superficial cortical nephrons: on the outer edge of the kidney and they
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represent about 85% of all nephrons, and they do partially extend down in the
medulla
-Midcortical nephrons: some have long and some have short loops
-Juxtamedullary nephrons: lie close to and extend deep into the medulla. The
important role they play are in concentrating the urine and also in secreting renin
Glomerulus
Answer: • Supplied by the afferent arteriole
• Returns to systemic blood flow by the efferent arteriole
• Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Answer: • Control of renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration, and renin
secretion occurs at this site.
Juxtaglomerular cells:
Answer: specialized cells that are located around the afferent arteriole, where the
afferent arteriole enters the glomerulus, come into contact with the distal convoluted
tubule as well at that same location
Macula densa:
Answer: specialized sodium and chloride sensing cells. They are found in the distal
convoluted tubule at that same point where the afferent arteriole and the efferent
arteriole enter and exit the glomerular space
The glomerular filtration rate or GFR, is that amount of
Answer: fluid filtered from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule per unit time.
The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to the
Answer: perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
If mean arterial pressure decreases or there is increased vascular resistance to the
kidneys, such as in renal artery stenosis, then we're going to see renal blood flow
Answer: decrease.
As renal blood flow decreases, this lowers the
Answer: glomerular capillary perfusion pressure which results in a reduced GFR.
Patho Exam 5 - Module 9: Renal Verified and
Updated Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
Kidneys receive
Answer: 1000 to 1200 ml/min of blood.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Answer: -Filtration of plasma into the Bowman space
-120 to 140 ml of plasma per minute
-Directly related to the perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
If mean arterial pressure decreases or renal artery vascular resistance increases, then
the renal blood flow
Answer: decreases.
Glomerulus is freely permeable to
Answer: water and relatively impermeable to large colloids such as plasma proteins.
Size and electrical charge are important factors that affect
Answer: permeability.
-Positive-charged particles permeate the membrane more readily than neutral- or
negative-charged particles.
Net filtration pressure
Answer: -The combined effect of forces favoring and forces opposing filtration.
-Favoring forces: Capillary hydrostatic pressure
-Opposing forces: Oncotic pressure in the capillary and hydrostatic pressure in
Bowman capsule
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Answer: the nephron
Function of the nephron
Answer: -Superficial cortical nephrons: on the outer edge of the kidney and they
, Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
represent about 85% of all nephrons, and they do partially extend down in the
medulla
-Midcortical nephrons: some have long and some have short loops
-Juxtamedullary nephrons: lie close to and extend deep into the medulla. The
important role they play are in concentrating the urine and also in secreting renin
Glomerulus
Answer: • Supplied by the afferent arteriole
• Returns to systemic blood flow by the efferent arteriole
• Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Answer: • Control of renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration, and renin
secretion occurs at this site.
Juxtaglomerular cells:
Answer: specialized cells that are located around the afferent arteriole, where the
afferent arteriole enters the glomerulus, come into contact with the distal convoluted
tubule as well at that same location
Macula densa:
Answer: specialized sodium and chloride sensing cells. They are found in the distal
convoluted tubule at that same point where the afferent arteriole and the efferent
arteriole enter and exit the glomerular space
The glomerular filtration rate or GFR, is that amount of
Answer: fluid filtered from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule per unit time.
The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to the
Answer: perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
If mean arterial pressure decreases or there is increased vascular resistance to the
kidneys, such as in renal artery stenosis, then we're going to see renal blood flow
Answer: decrease.
As renal blood flow decreases, this lowers the
Answer: glomerular capillary perfusion pressure which results in a reduced GFR.
