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Pharm Quiz 4 - DM Verified and Updated
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers)
How much would you expect various non-insulin therapies to lower the A1c?
Answer: Usually one class of non-insulin meds will get you a 2% decrease in A1C, if
you need a greater decrease you'll need to add on another drug from a different class
Which T2DM therapies would be expected to cause weight loss?
Answer: Weight Loss: GLP1 RA, SGLT-2 inhibitors, AGIs, biguanides
Which T2DM therapies would be expected to be weight neutral?
Answer: Weight Neutral: DPP4 Inhibitors
Which T2DM therapies would be expected to cause weight gain?
Answer: Weight Gain: Meglitinides, Sulfonylureas, TZDs, Insulin
What is monitored with Metformin (Glucophage)?
Answer: • Vitamin B12 levels (can lead to macrocytic anemia)
• Renal function (when this is impaired it can lead to lactic acidosis)
The goal A1C for most non-pregnant adults is
Answer: <7% without significant hypoglycemia (less than 6% is better if possible)
GLP1 MOA:
Answer: glucose-dependent release of insulin, suppression of glucagon, delays
gastric emptying, suppresses appetite
GLP1's are great because they have
Answer: CV benefits, they lower A1C, and they can promote weight loss (but, they're
really expensive)
GLP1's have a black box warning for
Answer: thyroid cancers
SGLT2 MOA:
Answer: promotes glucose excretion in the urine by preventing glucose reabsorption
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SGLT2 side Effects:
Answer: DKA (atypical presentation), UTIs, genital necrotizing fasciitis, LE
amputations, bone fracture, kidney warnings
Sulfonylureas can cause allergic reactions in
Answer: sulfa allergies
Sulfonylureas MOA:
Answer: "secrete-alog," makes the pancreas put out more insulin
DPP4 Inhibitors MOA:
Answer: inhibit DPP4 --> increases endogenous incretins --> glucose-dependent
release of insulin; suppression of glucagon
DPP4 Inhibitors AE's:
Answer: pancreatitis, severe joint pain, HF risk
TZDs MOA:
Answer: increase insulin receptor sensitivity, decreases hepatic glucose production,
enhances glucose uptake in muscle cells
TZD AE's:
Answer: weight gain, edema, increased risk of fractures, anemia, hepatotoxicity
(directly related to dose, so you could use a lower dose)
TZDs are contraindicated in
Answer: heart failure, osteoporosis, liver disease, bladder cancer
AGI's have notable
Answer: GI side effects
AGI's contraindicated in
Answer: cirrhosis, IBD, obstruction, malabsorption syndrome
Biguanides - Example(s):
Answer: - Metformin
Sulfonylureas - Example(s):
Answer: - Glyburide (Diabeta)
- Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Pharm Quiz 4 - DM Verified and Updated
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers)
How much would you expect various non-insulin therapies to lower the A1c?
Answer: Usually one class of non-insulin meds will get you a 2% decrease in A1C, if
you need a greater decrease you'll need to add on another drug from a different class
Which T2DM therapies would be expected to cause weight loss?
Answer: Weight Loss: GLP1 RA, SGLT-2 inhibitors, AGIs, biguanides
Which T2DM therapies would be expected to be weight neutral?
Answer: Weight Neutral: DPP4 Inhibitors
Which T2DM therapies would be expected to cause weight gain?
Answer: Weight Gain: Meglitinides, Sulfonylureas, TZDs, Insulin
What is monitored with Metformin (Glucophage)?
Answer: • Vitamin B12 levels (can lead to macrocytic anemia)
• Renal function (when this is impaired it can lead to lactic acidosis)
The goal A1C for most non-pregnant adults is
Answer: <7% without significant hypoglycemia (less than 6% is better if possible)
GLP1 MOA:
Answer: glucose-dependent release of insulin, suppression of glucagon, delays
gastric emptying, suppresses appetite
GLP1's are great because they have
Answer: CV benefits, they lower A1C, and they can promote weight loss (but, they're
really expensive)
GLP1's have a black box warning for
Answer: thyroid cancers
SGLT2 MOA:
Answer: promotes glucose excretion in the urine by preventing glucose reabsorption
, Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
SGLT2 side Effects:
Answer: DKA (atypical presentation), UTIs, genital necrotizing fasciitis, LE
amputations, bone fracture, kidney warnings
Sulfonylureas can cause allergic reactions in
Answer: sulfa allergies
Sulfonylureas MOA:
Answer: "secrete-alog," makes the pancreas put out more insulin
DPP4 Inhibitors MOA:
Answer: inhibit DPP4 --> increases endogenous incretins --> glucose-dependent
release of insulin; suppression of glucagon
DPP4 Inhibitors AE's:
Answer: pancreatitis, severe joint pain, HF risk
TZDs MOA:
Answer: increase insulin receptor sensitivity, decreases hepatic glucose production,
enhances glucose uptake in muscle cells
TZD AE's:
Answer: weight gain, edema, increased risk of fractures, anemia, hepatotoxicity
(directly related to dose, so you could use a lower dose)
TZDs are contraindicated in
Answer: heart failure, osteoporosis, liver disease, bladder cancer
AGI's have notable
Answer: GI side effects
AGI's contraindicated in
Answer: cirrhosis, IBD, obstruction, malabsorption syndrome
Biguanides - Example(s):
Answer: - Metformin
Sulfonylureas - Example(s):
Answer: - Glyburide (Diabeta)
- Glipizide (Glucotrol)
