KUBY IMMUNOLOGY EXAM WITH
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
White Pulp - ANSWERS-Surrounds the branches of the
splenic artery, and consists of B-cell follicles and the
periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) that is populated by T
lymphocytes.
Marginal Zone (MZ) - ANSWERS-Specialized cellular border
between the blood and the white pulp. It is populated by
specialized dendritic cells, macrophages, and unique B cells.
Marginal Zone B Cells (MZ B Cells) - ANSWERS-These cells
are the first line of defense against blood-borne pathogens,
trapping antigens that enter via the splenic artery.
,Immunoglobulin A (IgA) - ANSWERS-Has the ability to cross
epithelial barriers and interact with microbes in the lumen
of our mucosal tracts.
Epidermis - ANSWERS-Contains several tiers of tightly
packed epithelial cells. Its outer layer consists mostly of
dead cells filled with a waterproofing protein (keratin). Also
house CD8+ memory cells.
Dermis - ANSWERS-Composed of connective tissue and
contains blood vessels, hair follicles, sebaceous glands,
sweat glands, and scattered myeloid leukocytes. Also house
circulating CD4+ memory cells.
Lysozyme - ANSWERS-Found in saliva, tears, and fluids of
the respiratory tract that cleaves the peptidoglycan
components of bacterial cell walls.
Histatins - ANSWERS-Lectins that are located in the saliva
and bind to fungal cell walls and enter the cytoplasm, where
they interfere with mitochondrial ATP production.
Psoriasin - ANSWERS-Small protein with potent antibacterial
activity against E. coli but not against Staph aureus.
,SP-A (Surfactant Protein-A) - ANSWERS-Binds the complex
polysaccharides coating many of the capsulated forms.
SP-D (Surfactant Protein-D) - ANSWERS-Only binds the
exposed cell wall lipopolysaccharide of the non-
encapsulated form.
Antimicrobial Peptides - ANSWERS-Cysteine-rich, cationic,
and amphipathic. they interact with acidic phospholipids in
lipid bilayers, forming pores and disrupting the membranes
of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Then enter the
microbes and inhibit the synthesis of DNA, RNA, or proteins
which then results in cell death.
Paneth Cells - ANSWERS-Important for maintaining
beneficial bacterial flora that are necessary for normal
intestinal immune system functions.
Alveoli - ANSWERS-In intimate contact with capillary beds
and are the site of gas exchange.
, Mucociliary Boundary - ANSWERS-Actively helps sweep
away and expel microbes and particulates that have
descended into the airways.
Club Cell - ANSWERS-Secretory cell that is most prevalent in
the lower airway of humans and throughout the airways
and have the ability to act as stem cells.
Alveolar Macrophages (Dust Cells) - ANSWERS-Monitor the
lower airways and alveoli for infection and work with
respiratory epithelial cells to regulate the balance between
tolerogenic and inflammatory responses in this very delicate
site.
Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) - ANSWERS-Tissue
that is part of the tonsils and adenoids. It supports the
activation of T cells and B cells triggered by innate cells in
the respiratory mucosa.
Amphiregulin - ANSWERS-Growth factor expressed by
respiratory epithelium that interacts with epidermal growth
factor (EGF) receptors on the epitheliu,, enhancing their
health and growth.
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
White Pulp - ANSWERS-Surrounds the branches of the
splenic artery, and consists of B-cell follicles and the
periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) that is populated by T
lymphocytes.
Marginal Zone (MZ) - ANSWERS-Specialized cellular border
between the blood and the white pulp. It is populated by
specialized dendritic cells, macrophages, and unique B cells.
Marginal Zone B Cells (MZ B Cells) - ANSWERS-These cells
are the first line of defense against blood-borne pathogens,
trapping antigens that enter via the splenic artery.
,Immunoglobulin A (IgA) - ANSWERS-Has the ability to cross
epithelial barriers and interact with microbes in the lumen
of our mucosal tracts.
Epidermis - ANSWERS-Contains several tiers of tightly
packed epithelial cells. Its outer layer consists mostly of
dead cells filled with a waterproofing protein (keratin). Also
house CD8+ memory cells.
Dermis - ANSWERS-Composed of connective tissue and
contains blood vessels, hair follicles, sebaceous glands,
sweat glands, and scattered myeloid leukocytes. Also house
circulating CD4+ memory cells.
Lysozyme - ANSWERS-Found in saliva, tears, and fluids of
the respiratory tract that cleaves the peptidoglycan
components of bacterial cell walls.
Histatins - ANSWERS-Lectins that are located in the saliva
and bind to fungal cell walls and enter the cytoplasm, where
they interfere with mitochondrial ATP production.
Psoriasin - ANSWERS-Small protein with potent antibacterial
activity against E. coli but not against Staph aureus.
,SP-A (Surfactant Protein-A) - ANSWERS-Binds the complex
polysaccharides coating many of the capsulated forms.
SP-D (Surfactant Protein-D) - ANSWERS-Only binds the
exposed cell wall lipopolysaccharide of the non-
encapsulated form.
Antimicrobial Peptides - ANSWERS-Cysteine-rich, cationic,
and amphipathic. they interact with acidic phospholipids in
lipid bilayers, forming pores and disrupting the membranes
of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Then enter the
microbes and inhibit the synthesis of DNA, RNA, or proteins
which then results in cell death.
Paneth Cells - ANSWERS-Important for maintaining
beneficial bacterial flora that are necessary for normal
intestinal immune system functions.
Alveoli - ANSWERS-In intimate contact with capillary beds
and are the site of gas exchange.
, Mucociliary Boundary - ANSWERS-Actively helps sweep
away and expel microbes and particulates that have
descended into the airways.
Club Cell - ANSWERS-Secretory cell that is most prevalent in
the lower airway of humans and throughout the airways
and have the ability to act as stem cells.
Alveolar Macrophages (Dust Cells) - ANSWERS-Monitor the
lower airways and alveoli for infection and work with
respiratory epithelial cells to regulate the balance between
tolerogenic and inflammatory responses in this very delicate
site.
Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) - ANSWERS-Tissue
that is part of the tonsils and adenoids. It supports the
activation of T cells and B cells triggered by innate cells in
the respiratory mucosa.
Amphiregulin - ANSWERS-Growth factor expressed by
respiratory epithelium that interacts with epidermal growth
factor (EGF) receptors on the epitheliu,, enhancing their
health and growth.
