MMSC 407 CLINICAL CHEMISTRY FINAL
CERTIFICATION ACTUAL ASSESSMENT
LATEST EVALUATION 2026 FULL FIFTY
QUESTIONS AND PRECISE EXTENSIVE
ELABORATED SOLUTIONS ALREADY
PASSED GRADED A+
⩥ westgard rules involved in shifts. Answer: 2(2s) and 4(1s)
⩥ Define outlier. Answer: a result greater than +/- 3SD
⩥ An outlier is a change in _____, and therefore a ____ error. Answer:
precision, random
⩥ westgard rules involved in outliers. Answer: 1(3s) and R(4s)
⩥ Dietary sources of carbohydrates. Answer: -Starches: wheat, rice,
potatoes
-Lactose: milk and milk products
-Glucose/fructose: sugar (sucrose), molasses, fruits, honey
,⩥ Define Monosccharide. Answer: -simple sugars that cannot be
hydrolyzed to similar form
-colorless crystalline solids that are water soluble
⩥ What sugars are monosaccharides?. Answer: 1. Glucose
2. Galactose
3. Fructose
4. Mannose
⩥ sugars capable of reducing ____ or _____ ions are called reducing
sugars. Answer: Ferric; Cupric
(ions gain an e- sugar loses an e-)
⩥ Maltose. Answer: glucose + glucose
⩥ Lactose. Answer: glucose + galactose
⩥ sucrose. Answer: glucose + fructose
⩥ Disaccharides are joined together when the ____ group on one sugar
reacts with the _____ carbon of the other. Answer: hydroxyl; carbonyl
⩥ Type of bond in disaccharides. Answer: glycosidic bond
, ⩥ two monosaccharides forming together is a ______ reaction. Answer:
condensation (water is formed)
⩥ break down disaccharides. Answer: hydrolysis
⩥ Starch (plant storage). Answer: Amylose
Amylopectin
⩥ amylose. Answer: only alpha 1,4 linkage (spiral shape)
⩥ amylopectin. Answer: alpha 1,6 linkages every 25 units
(branches)
⩥ glycogen (animal storage). Answer: alpha 1, 6 linkages every 8-12
units
more compact than starch
⩥ L stereoisomer. Answer: OH group is on the LEFT (look at bottom)
⩥ D stereoisomer. Answer: OH group is on the right (look at bottom)
CERTIFICATION ACTUAL ASSESSMENT
LATEST EVALUATION 2026 FULL FIFTY
QUESTIONS AND PRECISE EXTENSIVE
ELABORATED SOLUTIONS ALREADY
PASSED GRADED A+
⩥ westgard rules involved in shifts. Answer: 2(2s) and 4(1s)
⩥ Define outlier. Answer: a result greater than +/- 3SD
⩥ An outlier is a change in _____, and therefore a ____ error. Answer:
precision, random
⩥ westgard rules involved in outliers. Answer: 1(3s) and R(4s)
⩥ Dietary sources of carbohydrates. Answer: -Starches: wheat, rice,
potatoes
-Lactose: milk and milk products
-Glucose/fructose: sugar (sucrose), molasses, fruits, honey
,⩥ Define Monosccharide. Answer: -simple sugars that cannot be
hydrolyzed to similar form
-colorless crystalline solids that are water soluble
⩥ What sugars are monosaccharides?. Answer: 1. Glucose
2. Galactose
3. Fructose
4. Mannose
⩥ sugars capable of reducing ____ or _____ ions are called reducing
sugars. Answer: Ferric; Cupric
(ions gain an e- sugar loses an e-)
⩥ Maltose. Answer: glucose + glucose
⩥ Lactose. Answer: glucose + galactose
⩥ sucrose. Answer: glucose + fructose
⩥ Disaccharides are joined together when the ____ group on one sugar
reacts with the _____ carbon of the other. Answer: hydroxyl; carbonyl
⩥ Type of bond in disaccharides. Answer: glycosidic bond
, ⩥ two monosaccharides forming together is a ______ reaction. Answer:
condensation (water is formed)
⩥ break down disaccharides. Answer: hydrolysis
⩥ Starch (plant storage). Answer: Amylose
Amylopectin
⩥ amylose. Answer: only alpha 1,4 linkage (spiral shape)
⩥ amylopectin. Answer: alpha 1,6 linkages every 25 units
(branches)
⩥ glycogen (animal storage). Answer: alpha 1, 6 linkages every 8-12
units
more compact than starch
⩥ L stereoisomer. Answer: OH group is on the LEFT (look at bottom)
⩥ D stereoisomer. Answer: OH group is on the right (look at bottom)
