MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARE 3 FINAL
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
EXPERT VERIFIED GRADED A+
◉ After the right ventricle where does blood go Answer: through the
pulmonary valve and pulmonary arteries into the lungs to drop off
CO2 and pick up O2 in the capillaries. This newly oxygenated blood
is then pumped through the pulmonary veins, into the left atrium,
mitral valves (bicuspid valve), and then left ventricle
◉ What does the left ventricle do Answer: pumps oxygen-rich blood
to the body through the aortic valve
◉ Cardinal S/S of HF Answer: dyspnea, fatigue, fluid retention
◉ Right sided heart failure symptoms Answer: viscera and
peripheral congestion, JVD, dependent edema, hepatomegaly
(enlarged liver), ascites, weight gain
◉ Left sided heart failure symptoms Answer: -Left = lungs
,pulmonary congestion, S3 or 'ventricular gallop', dyspnea on
exertion, dry non productive cough initially-leads to frothy sputum,
low o2 saturation, oliguria, nocturia, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea,
orthopnea
◉ ejection fraction Answer: Stroke volume/end diastolic volume
a measure of ventricular contractility, and is the percentage of end
diastolic blood volume ejected with each heartbeat
normal is 55-65%
◉ Digitalis (Digoxin) Answer: -Used to increase the contractility of
the heart
-Treat right side heart failure
-Treat CHF
monitor for toxicity especially if the patient is hypokalemic
SS of toxicity include visual disturbances, anorexia, nausea,
confusion, bradycardia
monitor serum K levels
◉ significant changes in weight to report to the HCP Answer: 2-3 lbs
in a day
5 lbs in a week
◉ Stage 1 hypertension Answer: 130-139/80-89
,◉ Stage 2 hypertension Answer: >140/>90
◉ Late signs of hypertension Answer: related to organ damage, are
seen late, serious.
retinal and other eye changes
renal damage
MI
cardiac hypertrophy
stroke
◉ Risk factors for hypertension Answer: smoking, obesity, sedentary
lifestyle, genetics, age, poor diet, GFR< 60
◉ Hypertensive emergency Answer: >180/120
must be lowered immediately to prevent further damage to target
organs
reduce by more than 25% in first hour
reduce to 160/100 within 2-6 hours
gradual reduction to normal in 24-48 hours
◉ what chamber is responsible for receiving oxygenated blood from
the lungs Answer: left atrium
, ◉ what diagnostic tests can determine ejection fractions Answer:
echocardiogram
cardiac catheterization
magnetic resonance imaging
◉ What is the complex process of the formation and maturation of
blood cells called Answer: hematopoiesis
◉ what do myeloid stem cells differentiate into? Answer:
erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
◉ which type of cell increases in number when the patient is
exposed to a bacterial infection Answer: neutrophils-mature white
blood cell
◉ after a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy Answer: potential
complications include bleeding and infection
warm tubs and mild analgesics (acetaminophen) are useful
avoid aspirin containing products as they can aggravate or
potentiate bleeding
no rigorous activity for 1-2 days is recommended
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
EXPERT VERIFIED GRADED A+
◉ After the right ventricle where does blood go Answer: through the
pulmonary valve and pulmonary arteries into the lungs to drop off
CO2 and pick up O2 in the capillaries. This newly oxygenated blood
is then pumped through the pulmonary veins, into the left atrium,
mitral valves (bicuspid valve), and then left ventricle
◉ What does the left ventricle do Answer: pumps oxygen-rich blood
to the body through the aortic valve
◉ Cardinal S/S of HF Answer: dyspnea, fatigue, fluid retention
◉ Right sided heart failure symptoms Answer: viscera and
peripheral congestion, JVD, dependent edema, hepatomegaly
(enlarged liver), ascites, weight gain
◉ Left sided heart failure symptoms Answer: -Left = lungs
,pulmonary congestion, S3 or 'ventricular gallop', dyspnea on
exertion, dry non productive cough initially-leads to frothy sputum,
low o2 saturation, oliguria, nocturia, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea,
orthopnea
◉ ejection fraction Answer: Stroke volume/end diastolic volume
a measure of ventricular contractility, and is the percentage of end
diastolic blood volume ejected with each heartbeat
normal is 55-65%
◉ Digitalis (Digoxin) Answer: -Used to increase the contractility of
the heart
-Treat right side heart failure
-Treat CHF
monitor for toxicity especially if the patient is hypokalemic
SS of toxicity include visual disturbances, anorexia, nausea,
confusion, bradycardia
monitor serum K levels
◉ significant changes in weight to report to the HCP Answer: 2-3 lbs
in a day
5 lbs in a week
◉ Stage 1 hypertension Answer: 130-139/80-89
,◉ Stage 2 hypertension Answer: >140/>90
◉ Late signs of hypertension Answer: related to organ damage, are
seen late, serious.
retinal and other eye changes
renal damage
MI
cardiac hypertrophy
stroke
◉ Risk factors for hypertension Answer: smoking, obesity, sedentary
lifestyle, genetics, age, poor diet, GFR< 60
◉ Hypertensive emergency Answer: >180/120
must be lowered immediately to prevent further damage to target
organs
reduce by more than 25% in first hour
reduce to 160/100 within 2-6 hours
gradual reduction to normal in 24-48 hours
◉ what chamber is responsible for receiving oxygenated blood from
the lungs Answer: left atrium
, ◉ what diagnostic tests can determine ejection fractions Answer:
echocardiogram
cardiac catheterization
magnetic resonance imaging
◉ What is the complex process of the formation and maturation of
blood cells called Answer: hematopoiesis
◉ what do myeloid stem cells differentiate into? Answer:
erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
◉ which type of cell increases in number when the patient is
exposed to a bacterial infection Answer: neutrophils-mature white
blood cell
◉ after a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy Answer: potential
complications include bleeding and infection
warm tubs and mild analgesics (acetaminophen) are useful
avoid aspirin containing products as they can aggravate or
potentiate bleeding
no rigorous activity for 1-2 days is recommended
