Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
W&F Exam 3 Verified and Updated Questions
and Answers (100% Correct Answers)
5 Factors Affecting Labor Progress
Answer: The birth Passageway (birth canal)
The Passenger (fetus)
The physiologic forces/Power of labor
The Position of the mother
The woman's Psychosocial considerations
Not all women have the same shaped
Answer: pelvis
The Passenger
Answer: Fetal Presentation
o Vertex (head first); breech (bottom first); shoulders/transverse
Station
o Relation to the pelvis
o Ischial spines are zero station
o + = moving down and out
o - = not moving down as it should
Power: What DO We Know?
Answer: Progesterone : Relaxant; keeps uterus relaxed
Estrogen: Excites uterine response
Oxytocin and Prostaglandins: increase smooth muscle contractions
,Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
o Effectively induce labor
♣ Indocin (an antiprostaglandin) STOPS contractions in preterm labor
Uterine Contractions: Frequency, Tachysystole
Answer: How quickly they come
o Tachysystole: occurs when there are more than 5 uterine contractions in a 10
minute period there isn't enough time for oxygen to move to baby, it won't become
oxygenated enough we have to intervene
♣ Top line is fetal HR
♣ Bottom line in mom's contractions
o Time from the beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next
o May not be perfectly space, can give a range
♣ Ex. every 3-10 minutes
Uterine Contractions: Duration
Answer: How long they last
o Often have a range of their length
o Beginning of one contraction to the completion of that same contraction
o Often have a range of their length
o 30-40 seconds in the beginning of labor, 30-90 seconds as it progresses
Uterine Contractions: Intensity
Answer: How strong they are
o Strength of resting state to peak of contraction
o Measured by "feel" or direct measurement (little computer goes into uterus and
measures pressure of fluid)
,Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
o Describe as mild, moderate, or strong to palpation
♣ Mild: muscle is indentable
♣ Moderate: give like the tip of your nose
♣ Strong: hard like a bone
o The chart is very subjective but the palpation is far better
Contractions cause Cervical Change
Answer: • Dilatation: opening and thinning of cervix
o 0-10 cm is how we measure
• Effacement: turning out
o Measure in terms of percentage, 0-100%
Associated Signs/Symptoms of Cervical Changes
Answer: loss of mucous plug
rupture of membranes-does not correlate with the progress of labor
o AROM
o SROM
o Loss of fluid could easily be urine
o Amnisure
o Once the membranes are ruptured we worry about bacteria getting up in the birth
canal and getting to the baby
bloody show: the cervix is very vascular so there will be a modest amount of blood
(ex. go to the bathroom and wipe and there's a little blood)
, Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
When assessing cervical changes we'd ask our patient
Answer: did you notice any mucus? Any fluid? And little bit of blood?
Shorthand for cervical changes
Answer: dilatation/effacement/station
BBOW
Answer: bulging bag of water
During labor the presenting part should move progressively from the negative
stations to the
Answer: midpelvis at zero station and into the positive stations
Failure of the presenting part to descend in the presence of strong contractions may
be due to
Answer: disproportion between the maternal pelvis and fetal presenting part.
If the presenting part is higher than the ischial spines, a ______ number is assigned
Answer: a negative number is assigned, noting centimeters above zero station.
Power: Primary Force
Answer: maternal uterine contractions, first stage of labor (complete effacement and
dilatation)
Power: Secondary Force
Answer: abdominal muscles, second stage of labor, pushing adds to primary power
after full dilation
The cervix changes progressively from a ____,______ structure to a structure that is
________
Answer: The cervix changes progressively from a long, thick structure to a structure
that is tissue-paper thin
In primigravidas effacement usually precedes
Answer: dilatation.
AROM
Answer: artificial ROM
Once the membranes are ruptured we worry about
Answer: bacteria getting up in the birth canal and getting to the baby
W&F Exam 3 Verified and Updated Questions
and Answers (100% Correct Answers)
5 Factors Affecting Labor Progress
Answer: The birth Passageway (birth canal)
The Passenger (fetus)
The physiologic forces/Power of labor
The Position of the mother
The woman's Psychosocial considerations
Not all women have the same shaped
Answer: pelvis
The Passenger
Answer: Fetal Presentation
o Vertex (head first); breech (bottom first); shoulders/transverse
Station
o Relation to the pelvis
o Ischial spines are zero station
o + = moving down and out
o - = not moving down as it should
Power: What DO We Know?
Answer: Progesterone : Relaxant; keeps uterus relaxed
Estrogen: Excites uterine response
Oxytocin and Prostaglandins: increase smooth muscle contractions
,Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
o Effectively induce labor
♣ Indocin (an antiprostaglandin) STOPS contractions in preterm labor
Uterine Contractions: Frequency, Tachysystole
Answer: How quickly they come
o Tachysystole: occurs when there are more than 5 uterine contractions in a 10
minute period there isn't enough time for oxygen to move to baby, it won't become
oxygenated enough we have to intervene
♣ Top line is fetal HR
♣ Bottom line in mom's contractions
o Time from the beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next
o May not be perfectly space, can give a range
♣ Ex. every 3-10 minutes
Uterine Contractions: Duration
Answer: How long they last
o Often have a range of their length
o Beginning of one contraction to the completion of that same contraction
o Often have a range of their length
o 30-40 seconds in the beginning of labor, 30-90 seconds as it progresses
Uterine Contractions: Intensity
Answer: How strong they are
o Strength of resting state to peak of contraction
o Measured by "feel" or direct measurement (little computer goes into uterus and
measures pressure of fluid)
,Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
o Describe as mild, moderate, or strong to palpation
♣ Mild: muscle is indentable
♣ Moderate: give like the tip of your nose
♣ Strong: hard like a bone
o The chart is very subjective but the palpation is far better
Contractions cause Cervical Change
Answer: • Dilatation: opening and thinning of cervix
o 0-10 cm is how we measure
• Effacement: turning out
o Measure in terms of percentage, 0-100%
Associated Signs/Symptoms of Cervical Changes
Answer: loss of mucous plug
rupture of membranes-does not correlate with the progress of labor
o AROM
o SROM
o Loss of fluid could easily be urine
o Amnisure
o Once the membranes are ruptured we worry about bacteria getting up in the birth
canal and getting to the baby
bloody show: the cervix is very vascular so there will be a modest amount of blood
(ex. go to the bathroom and wipe and there's a little blood)
, Inquire through: | Professional | Confidential Support
When assessing cervical changes we'd ask our patient
Answer: did you notice any mucus? Any fluid? And little bit of blood?
Shorthand for cervical changes
Answer: dilatation/effacement/station
BBOW
Answer: bulging bag of water
During labor the presenting part should move progressively from the negative
stations to the
Answer: midpelvis at zero station and into the positive stations
Failure of the presenting part to descend in the presence of strong contractions may
be due to
Answer: disproportion between the maternal pelvis and fetal presenting part.
If the presenting part is higher than the ischial spines, a ______ number is assigned
Answer: a negative number is assigned, noting centimeters above zero station.
Power: Primary Force
Answer: maternal uterine contractions, first stage of labor (complete effacement and
dilatation)
Power: Secondary Force
Answer: abdominal muscles, second stage of labor, pushing adds to primary power
after full dilation
The cervix changes progressively from a ____,______ structure to a structure that is
________
Answer: The cervix changes progressively from a long, thick structure to a structure
that is tissue-paper thin
In primigravidas effacement usually precedes
Answer: dilatation.
AROM
Answer: artificial ROM
Once the membranes are ruptured we worry about
Answer: bacteria getting up in the birth canal and getting to the baby
