Michigan Turfgrass Pest Managment
3A Complete Exam Study Questions
with Correct Answers
1. Varieties of grass containing endophyte fungi are an example of: -
ANSWER Plant resistance.
2. Raking, thatch removal and aeration are examples of: - ANSWER Cultural
controls.
3. Explain how knowing the species or variety of turfgrass in a stand can help
in pest diagnosis: - ANSWER Certain diseases and insect pests will affect
certain species of turfgrass and will not affect others.
4. Economic injury threshold: - ANSWER The density of pests at which the
cost to manage the pest is equal to the losses caused by that pest.
5. Action threshold: - ANSWER The pest density at which action must be
taken to prevent the pest from reaching the economic injury level.
6. Factors influencing the economic injury level: - ANSWER The client's
tolerance for damage.
The health of the turf stand.
Level of maintenance required for the turf stand to fulfill its purpose.
,7. Factors of pest management tactics will be limited by: - ANSWER Budget.
Availability of equipment.
Availability of personnel.
Time available for pest management activities.
Availability of products that control the problem.
Public or client acceptance of the management methods.
8. Reasons turf needs water: - ANSWER To move nutrients to and inside the
plants.
As part of the process of converting light and carbon dioxide to sugar.
To cool the plants in the heat of the day.
9. What are the categories of grass species in the US and Canada? Which
category in most commonly used in MI? - ANSWER Cool season,
transition and warm season. Cool season grasses are most common in MI.
10.Examples of grass species used in MI: - ANSWER Kentucky bluegrass
,Perennial ryegrass
Creeping bentgrass
Fine fescues
Tall fescues.
11.Does the rate of photosynthesis increase or decrease as the temperature
increases? How does temperature stress grass? - ANSWER Food production
decreases but the amount of oxygen increases as temperatures rise. This
causes the plant to use stored energy at higher temperatures.
12.Turfgrasses grow best in: - ANSWER Sunny locations.
13.Explain why the ideal soil for plant growth consists of a mixture of soil
particle sizes. - ANSWER Fine clay particles have the greatest ability to
bond water and nutrients
Sand particles that allow air and water movement between particles.
14.How does soil pH affect the availability of nutrients to turfgrasses and other
plants? - ANSWER If the pH is too high or too low, certain nutrients in the
soil will not be soluble and can't be used.
15.Turf cannot at the same time benefit from biological control methods and be
pest free because: - ANSWER There must be a low level of pest or prey
insects for the predators to feed on.
, 16.Why is it important to use both short term suppression and long term
maintenance tactics in pest management? - ANSWER Usually offers a
quick fix, but the pest population will rebuild. Maintenance must be used to
reduce pest populations permanently.
17.How can you help maintain existing populations of beneficial organisms in a
turf stand? - ANSWER By making pesticide applications only when
needed.
18.What is the most commonly used microbial insecticide? On what insect
larvae is it effective? - ANSWER Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bt, used to
control caterpillars.
19.Are microbial insecticides best used for short or long term suppression of
pest populations? - ANSWER Long term. Microbial insecticides are slower
acting and do not kill all of the pests at once, which allows there to be food
for other beneficial organisms.
20.Ways to classify pesticides: - ANSWER Types of pests
Pesticide chemistry
Mode of action
Pesticide formulation.
21.Benefits of systemic herbicides: - ANSWER Superior in treating persistent
perennial weeds, kills both above ground and below ground parts of plant.
3A Complete Exam Study Questions
with Correct Answers
1. Varieties of grass containing endophyte fungi are an example of: -
ANSWER Plant resistance.
2. Raking, thatch removal and aeration are examples of: - ANSWER Cultural
controls.
3. Explain how knowing the species or variety of turfgrass in a stand can help
in pest diagnosis: - ANSWER Certain diseases and insect pests will affect
certain species of turfgrass and will not affect others.
4. Economic injury threshold: - ANSWER The density of pests at which the
cost to manage the pest is equal to the losses caused by that pest.
5. Action threshold: - ANSWER The pest density at which action must be
taken to prevent the pest from reaching the economic injury level.
6. Factors influencing the economic injury level: - ANSWER The client's
tolerance for damage.
The health of the turf stand.
Level of maintenance required for the turf stand to fulfill its purpose.
,7. Factors of pest management tactics will be limited by: - ANSWER Budget.
Availability of equipment.
Availability of personnel.
Time available for pest management activities.
Availability of products that control the problem.
Public or client acceptance of the management methods.
8. Reasons turf needs water: - ANSWER To move nutrients to and inside the
plants.
As part of the process of converting light and carbon dioxide to sugar.
To cool the plants in the heat of the day.
9. What are the categories of grass species in the US and Canada? Which
category in most commonly used in MI? - ANSWER Cool season,
transition and warm season. Cool season grasses are most common in MI.
10.Examples of grass species used in MI: - ANSWER Kentucky bluegrass
,Perennial ryegrass
Creeping bentgrass
Fine fescues
Tall fescues.
11.Does the rate of photosynthesis increase or decrease as the temperature
increases? How does temperature stress grass? - ANSWER Food production
decreases but the amount of oxygen increases as temperatures rise. This
causes the plant to use stored energy at higher temperatures.
12.Turfgrasses grow best in: - ANSWER Sunny locations.
13.Explain why the ideal soil for plant growth consists of a mixture of soil
particle sizes. - ANSWER Fine clay particles have the greatest ability to
bond water and nutrients
Sand particles that allow air and water movement between particles.
14.How does soil pH affect the availability of nutrients to turfgrasses and other
plants? - ANSWER If the pH is too high or too low, certain nutrients in the
soil will not be soluble and can't be used.
15.Turf cannot at the same time benefit from biological control methods and be
pest free because: - ANSWER There must be a low level of pest or prey
insects for the predators to feed on.
, 16.Why is it important to use both short term suppression and long term
maintenance tactics in pest management? - ANSWER Usually offers a
quick fix, but the pest population will rebuild. Maintenance must be used to
reduce pest populations permanently.
17.How can you help maintain existing populations of beneficial organisms in a
turf stand? - ANSWER By making pesticide applications only when
needed.
18.What is the most commonly used microbial insecticide? On what insect
larvae is it effective? - ANSWER Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bt, used to
control caterpillars.
19.Are microbial insecticides best used for short or long term suppression of
pest populations? - ANSWER Long term. Microbial insecticides are slower
acting and do not kill all of the pests at once, which allows there to be food
for other beneficial organisms.
20.Ways to classify pesticides: - ANSWER Types of pests
Pesticide chemistry
Mode of action
Pesticide formulation.
21.Benefits of systemic herbicides: - ANSWER Superior in treating persistent
perennial weeds, kills both above ground and below ground parts of plant.
