MGT 4650-Leadership Theory & Policy: Exam Test - Latest Updated 2025/2026 - Central State University.

Test #2 (Module 6) MGT 4650-Leadership Theory & Policy Question 1 (1 point) Saved Listen What sparks the courage for leaders to act? Question 1 options: Desire for a reward Devotion to a purpose Media coverage Confidence Question 2 (1 point) Saved Listen _ refers to the degree to which a person is outgoing, sociable, talkative, and comfortable meeting and talking to new people. Question 2 options: (Extroversion) Question 3 (1 point) Saved Listen Briefly describe moral leadership. Question 3 options: Question 4 (1 point) Saved ListenThe tendency of people to not voice their true thoughts because they want to please others is known as: Question 4 options: the situational theory. the Abilene Paradox. personal moral development. Theory Y. Question 5 (1 point) Saved Listen You think that you are at the postconventional level of personal moral development. Which of the following behaviors distinguishes you from people at the other levels? Question 5 options: You act in your own interest. You act independently, regardless of your friends' expectations. You follow the norms at school and work. You try to fit in with your coworkers. Question 6 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is a behavioral trait of unethical leaders? Question 6 options: Establishing and communicating ethics policies Withholding help and support Rewarding ethical conduct Setting examples for others Question 7 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements accounts for tremendous variation among people? Question 7 options:Everyone cannot have both instrumental and end values. Everyone has similar important goals to reach in life. Individuals differ in how they order their values into priorities. Individuals have end values that fall into different categories of morality and competence. Question 8 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of working with different personality types? Question 8 options: Leaders should show their frustration to keep different personality types focused. People take on behavior patterns based on their personalities. People do not like to be accepted and appreciated for who they are. Personality differences can make the life of a leader interesting. Question 9 (1 point) Saved Listen A leader who is visionary, empowering, and committed to serving others is operating at the postconventional or principled level of personal moral development. Question 9 options: True False Question 10 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following forms of leadership emphasizes tight top-down control, employee standardization and specialization, and management by impersonal measurement and analysis? Question 10 options: Stewardship Authoritarian management Servant leadershipParticipative management Question 11 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of leading with love? Question 11 options: It encourages people to maintain secrecy and cautiousness. It attracts people who take risks. It helps to maintain an emotional distance among people. It binds employees and the organization to the past. Question 12 (1 point) Saved Listen According to the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment, which of the following statements is true of the feeling types? Question 12 options: They tend to be very objective in decision making. They tend to enjoy ambiguity and dislike deadlines. They tend to rely more on their values. They tend to rely more on logic. Question 13 (1 point) Saved Listen At the preconventional level of personal moral development, people learn to conform to the expectations of others. Question 13 options: True False Question 14 (1 point) SavedListen According to Herrmann's whole brain concept, leaders who rely heavily on quadrant-C thinking: Question 14 options: are friendly, trusting, and empathetic. like certainty. are highly traditional. focus on tasks and activities. Question 15 (1 point) Saved Listen The actions that make leaders go wrong include: Question 15 options: breaching agreements. promoting follower development. having the courage to confront unjust acts. taking responsibility. Question 16 (1 point) Saved Listen The right hemisphere of the brain is associated with: Question 16 options: analytical thinking. a linear approach to problem solving. intuitive thought processes. routine processes. Question 17 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is a belief that leaders are deeply accountable to others as well as to the organization, without trying to control others, define meaning and purpose for others, or take care of others.Question 17 options: Question 18 (1 point) Saved Listen Good leadership is about: Question 18 options: interpreting data based on preestablished routines. blindly accepting rules and labels created by others. following the rules set by others. standing up for what one believes is the best for the organization. Question 19 (1 point) Saved Listen With systems thinking, a leader looks at the dots in isolation rather than seeing the big picture and connecting the dots. Question 19 options: True False Question 20 (1 point) Saved Listen According to the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment, people with a perceiving preference: Question 20 options: like closure. dislike deadlines. like certainty. enjoy having goals. Question 21 (1 point)Saved Listen Norman heads the animation team of Progress Inc. When one of his subordinates failed to execute a task properly, he said that his subordinate was not provided with enough resources to take care of the quality assurance after production. This judgment made by Norman is an instance of _____. Question 21 options: the fundamental attribution error the self-serving bias an external attribution perceptual defense Question 22 (1 point) Saved Listen A servant leader: Question 22 options: helps others grow and develop and provides opportunities for others. expects subordinates to be obedient. is responsible for the emotional well-being of subordinates. is at the preconventional level of personal moral development. Question 23 (1 point) Saved Listen Cognitive approaches are preferences that are not necessarily rigid, but most people tend to have only a few preferred habits of thought. Question 23 options: True False Question 24 (1 point) Saved Listen What is the importance of the whole brain concept?Question 24 options: Question 25 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is an example of stereotyping? Question 25 options: Fiona assumes that a subordinate is a proficient employee as he or she has good people skills. Fiona assumes that an elderly employee will not be able to adapt to modern technology. Fiona believes that her subordinates can work on weekends as she generally works on weekends. Fiona judges that her subordinate performed poorly due to lack of concentration and incompetence. Question 26 (1 point) Saved Listen Moral leadership is about distinguishing right from wrong and doing right, seeking the just, the honest, and the good, and the right conduct in achieving goals and fulfilling purpose. Question 26 options: True False Question 27 (1 point) Saved Listen _ requires recognizing and adhering to ethical values and acknowledging the importance of human meaning, quality, andhigher purpose. Question 27 options: Question 28 (1 point) Saved Listen People are constantly valuing things, people, or ideas as good or bad, pleasant or unpleasant, ethical or unethical, and so forth, whether they recognize it or not. Question 28 options:True False Question 29 (1 point) Saved Listen Adam, a project manager, is enthusiastic about utilizing every available opportunity at his workplace. He ensures that his team's projects adhere to the company's high standards. He remains calm when things go wrong and provides resourceful solutions. Which of the following qualities of leaders does Adam display? Question 29 options: Systems thinking Self-management Social capital Self-awareness Question 30 (1 point) Saved Listen _ are fundamental beliefs that an individual considers to be important, that are relatively stable over time, and that have an impact on attitudes, perception, and behavior. Question 30 options: Question 31 (1 point) Saved Listen A person's values cannot change throughout life as they are fairly well established by early adulthood. Question 31 options: True False Question 32 (1 point) Saved ListenWhich of the following statements is true of courage? Question 32 options: It means asking for what you want. It prevents other people from doing what they want. It does not apply to moral leadership. It means the absence of fear. Question 33 (1 point) Saved Listen Someonewho scores high on agreeableness: Question 33 options: is good-natured and cooperative. tends to become anxious or tense. likes to be in control and have influence over others. is cold and insensitive. Question 34 (1 point) Saved Listen An effective leader lets his or her vision of a better future pull reality toward it by: Question 34 options: reorganizing current activities to work toward the vision. lowering the vision. opening the gap between the vision and the reality. accepting standard ways of doing things. Question 35 (1 point) Saved Listen People with an internal locus of control: Question 35 options:believe that luck is the key to success. feel that they have little control over events. place primary responsibility on outside forces. believe they are "masters of their own fate." Question 36 (1 point) Saved Listen Jolene likes to try new activities. In the past year, she has tried out for community theater, signed up for a class on drawing cartoons, and took an impulsive trip to New York City. These activities have taught her that she has a terrible singing voice, some artistic talent, and no desire to live in a big city. Based on her actions, which quadrant of the brain does she rely on the most? Question 36 options: Quadrant A Quadrant B Quadrant C Quadrant D Question 37 (1 point) Saved Listen Anger and frustration cannot be used for positive outcomes. Question 37 options: True False Question 38 (1 point) Saved Listen The management at Eastrock School of Business and Management has given janitors the responsibility of managing supplies while keeping within the budget. Thus, the janitors feel that they are part of the team that keeps the organization running smoothly. In the given scenario, the management's style of leadership is: Question 38 options: preconventional nt leadership. authoritarian leadership. participative management. Question 39 (1 point) Saved Listen The more aware a leader is of his or her assumptions, the less the leader understands how assumptions guide behavior and decisions. Question 39 options: True False Question 40 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is a characteristic of effective leaders? Question 40 options: They understand the limitations of past experience. They see the questioning of their ideas as a threat. They encourage beginners to blindly accept paradoxes. They advise new employees to openly agree with long-held assumptions. Question 41 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is a source of personal courage? Question 41 options: Believing in a higher purpose Becoming a participative leader Opposing unethical conduct Giving in to anger and frustration Question 42 (1 point)Saved Listen Assumptions are: Question 42 options: regarded by a leader as fixed truths. a part of a leader's mental model. an expression of the organizational mission. a personality trait. Question 43 (1 point) Saved Listen At the _ level of personal moral development, an individual follows the rules to avoid punishment. (preconventional) Question 43 options: Question 44 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the followingactions will inspire employees to put forth their best efforts? Question 44 options: Cecilia threatens employees with job termination. Joey listens carefully to his employees, making them feel valued. April sets an example for employees by working long hours, nights, and weekends. John gives all of his employees the same raise every year. Question 45 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders have many mental models that tend to govern how they interpret experiences and how they act in response to people and situations. Question 45 options:True False Question 46 (1 point) Saved Listen Jenny has a high internal locus of control. She needs a job to help pay for her expenses. Basedonwhat you know about her, which of the following part-time jobs do you think would be a good fit for her? Question 46 options: Event organizer for a local politician Sandwich maker at the deli Clerk at the grocery store Receptionist at a law office Question 47 (1 point) Saved Listen George, the financial manager of a firm, executes his tasks with commitment. He takes his responsibilities seriously. Which of the following characteristics of leaders does George possess? Question 47 options: Adaptability Empathy Relationship management Conscientiousness Question 48 (1 point) Saved Listen Cleo is afraid of being viewed as weak, so she uses only her head when managing her team of employees. Which leadership task is Cleo missing in her management style? Question 48 options: Setting goals Handling operational issues Tracking the company's financesDeveloping employees' skills Question 49 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of leaders engaged in personal mastery? Question 49 options: They do not challenge assumptions and standard ways of doing things. They open the gap between current reality and the vision of a better future. They retain traditional mental models that have been successful in the past. They break through denial of reality in themselves and others. Question 50 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders working to improve one element ofpersonal masterycan become significantly more effectivebecause: Question 50 options: all leaders score higher than most people on tests of cognitive ability. all elements of mind prevent shifting of mental models. all leaders have similar scores in emotional intelligence tests. all five elements of mind are interdependent. Question 51 (1 point) Saved Listen Moral leadership is about: Question 51 options: distinguishing right from wrong. taking away from others to enhance oneself. rewarding unethical conduct. nonconformity. Question 52 (1 point)Saved Listen Lily heads the sales team of Petunia Inc., a cosmetics manufacturer. She has the ability to understand the emotions experienced by her team members. She encourages her subordinates to grow by pushing them beyond their comfort zone. She deals with her team members with compassion and kindness. Which of the following characteristics of leaders does Lily possess? Question 52 options: Empathy Conscientiousness Adaptability Systems thinking Question 53 (1 point) Saved Listen The _____ dimension of the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment concerns an individual's attitudes toward ambiguity and how quickly a person makes a decision. Question 53 options: sensing versus intuition thinking versus feeling judging versus perceiving introversion versus extroversion Question 54 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is an element of personal mastery? Question 54 options: The behavior of accepting what one gets in the future rather than what one wants in the future The practice of bridging the disparity between current reality and the vision of a better future The discipline of continually focusing on what one wants as the desired future The discipline of accepting assumptions and standard ways of doing things Question 55 (1 point)Saved Listen Explain the role of values in leadership. Question 55 options: Question 56 (1 point) Saved Listen Patricia is a member of the board of directors of Brightlake Medical College. She fires a teacher with lax ethical standards who treats his colleagues unfairly. In the given scenario, she is committed to: Question 56 options: creating closed-door policies. avoiding shareholder questions. firing principals who do not produce short-term results. sound ethics and transparency. Question 57 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following will help leaders to develop open-mindedness? Question 57 options: They have to maintain strong preconceptions and suspend beliefs and opinions. They have to stick to mental models that worked in the past. They have to forget many of their conditioned ideas. They have to allow their subordinates to do the thinking for them. Question 58 (1 point) Saved Listen At InfraTrust Securities Inc., CEO William Klug refused to admit mistakes. Even though InfraTrust teetered on the brink of collapse, he refused to shift from his position. In the end, the company went bankrupt. This example shows that: Question 58 options:courage means accepting responsibility. leaders initiate change. courage means drawing strength from others. leaders make a real difference. Question 59 (1 point) Saved Listen A person high on extroversion may come across as quiet, withdrawn, and socially unassertive. Question 59 options: True False Question 60 (1 point) Saved Listen What guidelines can leaders use to work more effectively with different personality types? Question 60 options: Question 61 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following will help leaders at MHL Corp keep morale and motivation high whenthe companyfaces financial difficulties? Question 61 options: Leading with fear as a powerful motivator Leading with head and heart Creating avoidance behavior in employees Focusing on only the emotional aspect of leading Question 62 (1 point) Saved ListenA(n) _ is an evaluation—either positive or negative—about people, events, or things. Question 62 options: Question 63 (1 point) Saved Listen A key component of leadership is: Question 63 options: accepting the standard way of doing things. being emotionally connected to others. regarding assumptions as fixed truths. employing fear-based motivation. Question 64 (1 point) Saved Listen "Emotional contagion" means that leaders who are able to maintain balance and motivation positive role models to help motivate and inspire those around them. Discuss and give examples. Question 64 options: Question 65 (1 point) Saved Listen _ refers to the ability to navigate the currents of organizational life, build networks, and effectively use political behavior to accomplish positive results. (Organizational awareness) Question 65 options: Question 66 (1 point) Saved Listen What pressures do leaders face that challenge their ability to work ethically? Question 66 options: Question 67 (1 point)Saved Listen The components of emotional intelligence include _, self-awareness, self-management, and relationship management. (social awareness) Question 67 options: Question 68 (1 point) Saved Listen Stewardship is a belief that leaders are deeply accountable to others as well as to the organization, without trying to control others. Question 68 options: True False Question 69 (1 point) Saved Listen Attributions are important because they help people decide how to handle a situation. Question 69 options: True False Question 70 (1 point) Saved Listen Being too nice is an example of a(n)_____. Question 70 options: blind spot attitude personality valueQuestion 71 (1 point) Saved Listen _ embodies three qualities—clarity of mind, clarity of objectives, and organizing to achieve objectives. (Personal mastery) Question 71 options: Question 72 (1 point) Saved Listen Participative management encourages managers to direct and control employees. Question 72 options: True False Question 73 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is an assumption of Theory X? Question 73 options: The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest and the average human being does not inherently dislike work. The average human being prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, has relatively little ambition, and wants security above all. Under the conditions of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human being are only partially utilized. The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination in the solution of organizational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population. Question 74 (1 point) Saved Listen A less conscientious person tends to be easily distracted and impulsive. Question 74 options:True False Question 75 (1 point) Saved Listen What are the characteristics of an organization driven by fear? Question 75 options: Question 76 (1 point) Saved Listen When leaders rely on negative emotions such as fear to fuel productive work, they: Question 76 options: may slowly destroy people's spirits. remove avoidance behavior. encourage risk-taking behavior. destroy the opportunity to blind employees to reality. Question 77 (1 point) Saved Listen Explain how attitudes affect leadership. Question 77 options: Question 78 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is the mental and moral strength to engage in, persevere through, and withstand danger, difficulty, or fear. Question 78 options: Question 79 (1 point)Saved Listen Which of the following is true of people who work in fear-based organizations? Question 79 options: They lead with head and heart. They often leave the organization. They take risks and challenge the status quo. They respect and trust their managers. Question 80 (1 point) Saved Listen On your first day at D'Liscious Lunches, your new coworker tells you that Danny, your supervisor, is unethical. Which of the following behaviors could you expect Danny to do? Question 80 options: Danny might blame someone else for his mistake. Danny might be polite to all of his coworkers and customers. Danny might teach you how to use the cash register. Danny might work extra hours instead of leaving the restaurant short-handed. Question 81 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders who are constantly trying to please everyone often make poor decisions because they cannot tolerate even a mild degree of conflict. Question 81 options: True False Question 82 (1 point) Saved Listen According to Herrmann's whole brain concept, when leaders have a predominantly A-quadrant thinking style, they tend to:Question 82 options: empathize easily and be friendly. be imaginative and entrepreneurial. avoid risks and strive for stability. be directive and authoritative. Question 83 (1 point) Saved Listen Daniel, the relationship manager of a mutual fund company, has the strength to understand his emotions clearly. He makes tough decisions by believing his "gut feelings." He knows how his emotions affect his work; hence, he acts carefully according to them. Which of the following qualities of leaders does Daniel possess? Question 83 options: Social awareness Self-awareness Systems thinking Relationship management Question 84 (1 point) Saved Listen Kasper Inc. wants its workers to act ethically, treat each other well, and treat its customers well.What is the most effective way tocommunicate this to the workers? Question 84 options: The leaders should model the behavior they want the workers to follow. The leaders should create a code of ethics. The leaders should hold meetings to talk about customer service. Employees who act unethically should be punished. Question 85 (1 point) Saved ListenBecky heads the finance team of Herald Inc. Whenever her team's work is commended, she takes all the credit. On the other hand, when her team gets negative feedback from clients, she blames it on inadequate support from the organization. Becky's behavior is an example of _____. Question 85 options: the fundamental attribution error the self-serving bias perceptual defense projection Question 86 (1 point) Saved Listen Helen, the operations head of an organization, received a complaint stating that one of the managers was regularly harassing his subordinates. Instead of taking action, she neglected the issue as she had high regard for the manager. She was sure that the allegations against the manager were not true. In the given scenario, the assumption made by Helen is an example of _____. Question 86 options: projection the halo effect perceptual defense stereotyping Question 87 (1 point) Saved Listen Standing up for what is right is a primary way in which leaders create an environment of integrity. Question 87 options: True False Question 88 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is a characteristic of leaders who think independently? Question 88 options:They are willing to stand apart. They interpret data according to preestablished rules. They determine a course of action based on what others think. They tend to believe assumptions as "truth." Question 89 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is leadership in which the leader provides opportunities for others to gain materially and emotionally. Question 89 options: Question 90 (1 point) Saved Listen It is important for leaders to regard their assumptions as fixed truths rather than temporary ideas. Question 90 options: True False Question 91 (1 point) Saved Listen Explain the interdependence of the elements of mind. Question 91 options: Question 92 (1 point) Saved Listen Distinguish between leading with love and leading with fear. Discuss the limitations of leading with fear and the benefits of leading with love. Question 92 options: Question 93 (1 point)Saved Listen _ means the process people use to make sense out of their surroundings by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information. Question 93 options: Question 94 (1 point) Saved Listen The left hemisphere of the brain is associated with _____. Question 94 options: creative thinking analytical thinking intuitive processes values-based thought processes Question 95 (1 point) Saved Listen Describe systems thinking. What is its importance in leadership? Question 95 options: Question 96 (1 point) Saved Listen In _, employees are expected to make suggestions for quality improvements, act as team players, and take greater responsibility for their own jobs, but they are not allowed to be true partners in the enterprise. (participative management) Question 96 options: Question 97 (1 point) Saved ListenDescribe how the current ethical climate in U.S. business can be improved. Question 97 options: Question 98 (1 point) Saved Listen Anna works as a sales executive. She has difficulty meeting her productivity targets, but she has high readiness levels and her work exceeds quality standards. However, her manager considers her to be a poor performer due to her issue with productivity. In the given scenario, the manager's evaluation of Anna's performance is an example of the _____. Question 98 options: fundamental attribution error halo effect self-serving bias perceptual defense Question 99 (1 point) Saved Listen A principle of stewardship is to localize decisions and power to those closest to the work and the customer. Question 99 options: True False Question 100 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is the set of unseen characteristics and processes that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, or people in the environment. Question 100 options: Question 101 (1 point) Saved ListenWhich of the following statements is true of mental models? Question 101 options: A leader's assumptions naturally are not part of his or her mental model. A leader is usually not aware of his mental models. Personal values, attitudes, biases, and prejudices can all affect one's mental model. A leader creates an effective mental model by viewing the elements of a system as separate components. Question 102 (1 point) Saved Listen One of the four basic principles that form the framework for stewardship is: Question 102 options: transcend self-interest. tie rewards to contributions. inspire trust by being trustworthy. be a whistleblower. Question 103 (1 point) Saved Listen Why is whistleblowing an act of courage? Question 103 options: Question 104 (1 point) Saved Listen Laurel, the manager of a software company, assumes that the male employees in her organization are more creativeand innovative than the female employees in her organization. In the given scenario, Laurel's assumption is known as _____. Question 104 options: projection attribution perceptual defensestereotyping Question 105 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of the whole brain concept? Question 105 options: It proves that the concept of left-brained versus right-brained thinking is entirely accurate physiologically. It does not consider a person's preference for right-brained versus left-brained thinking. It considers a person's preference for conceptual versus experiential thinking. It does not support the idea that everyone uses both left-brained and right-brained thinking. Question 106 (1 point) Saved Listen The expert mind becomes a danger in organizations because it: Question 106 options: puts aside preconceptions and suspends beliefs and opinions. forgets many of its conditioned ideas. rejects new ideas based on past experience and knowledge. often becomes open to the perspectives of other people. Question 107 (1 point) Saved Listen Unethical leaders tend to take all the credit for successes, but they blame others when things go wrong. Question 107 options: True False Question 108 (1 point) Saved ListenThe ethical pressures that challenge leaders include: Question 108 options: doing the right thing despite pressure to increase profits. finding new products and services to remain competitive. involving employees in teamwork despite individual competition. selecting employees with the technical skills. Question 109 (1 point) Saved Listen Identify the appropriate step that should be taken by a leader to work more effectively with different personality types. Question 109 options: Shun people who tend to be gloomy and pessimistic. Show frustration when dealing with difficult people. Keep people focused on high performance. Ignore the different facets of one's personality. Question 110 (1 point) Saved Listen At the _ of personal moral development, individuals are egocentric and concerned with receiving external rewards and avoiding punishments. Question 110 options: Question 111 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of self-awareness? Question 111 options: Self-awareness means the ability to behave in a uniform manner in response to situational cues. Self-awareness involves the ability to emotionally evaluate one's own worth. Self-awareness means the set of unseen characteristics and processes that underlie a person.Self-awareness involves appreciating how one's patterns affect other people. Question 112 (1 point) Saved Listen _ means that leaders who are able to maintain balance and keep themselves motivated are positive role models to help motivate and inspire those around them. (Emotional contagion) Question 112 options: Question 113 (1 point) Saved Listen A manager with a global mindset sees everything from his or her own limited personal or cultural perspective. Question 113 options: True False Question 114 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements describes a leaderpracticing critical thinking? Question 114 options: Brenda focused on the most important issues. Jonah sought different opinions. Lisa criticized the quality of her employees' work. Winston was only pleased when the products his group produced were perfect. Question 115 (1 point) Saved Listen A mental model is an external picture that does not affect a person's thoughts and actions. Question 115 options:True False Question 116 (1 point) Saved Listen A(n) _ leader possesses humility, maintains concern for the greater good, fulfills commitments, strives for fairness, serves others, and shows courage to stand up for what is right. Question 116 options: Question 117 (1 point) Saved Listen When evaluating others, many people underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors. This tendency is known as _____. Question 117 options: stereotyping the halo effect perceptual defense the fundamental attribution error Question 118 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is the tendency of perceivers to see their own personal traits in other people; that is, they project their own needs, feelings, values, and attitudes into their judgment of others. Question 118 options: Question 119 (1 point) Saved Listen Abby works in a high-pressure environment managing deliveries and drivers for a busy furniture outlet. When unplanned road closures throw off the delivery schedule and drivers are frustrated, she stays calm andmakes changes without drama. Which of the following personality dimensions does Abby demonstrate in this situation?Question 119 options: Extroversion Openness to experience Emotional stability Conscientiousness Question 120 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is an example of an ethical pressure that challenges the ability of leaders to do the right thing? Question 120 options: Showing respect to each individual Meeting the demands of vendors or business partners Possessing humility Encouraging and developing others Question 121 (1 point) Saved Listen Employees learn about the values that are important in the organization by watching leaders. Question 121 options: True False Question 122 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders who score low in emotional intelligence are typicallymore effective. Question 122 options: True False Question 123 (1 point)Saved Listen One of the four basic precepts in Greenleaf's servant leadership model is: Question 123 options: asking subordinates to follow orders. expecting core work teams to build the organization. putting self-interest before service. listening first to affirm others. Question 124 (1 point) Saved Listen What are the ways in which leaders can unlock the courage within themselves? Question 124 options: Question 125 (1 point) Saved Listen Servant leadership is a form of leadership in which: Question 125 options: leaders are deeply accountable to others. leaders do not provide opportunities for material gains. self-interest is replaced by providing for the needs of others. power, purpose, and privilege reside with those at the top of the organization. Question 126 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is the tendency to assign an individual to a group or broad category and then to attribute widely held generalizations about the group to the individual. Question 126 options: Question 127 (1 point)Saved Listen According to Herrmann's whole brain concept, people who rely heavily on quadrant-B thinking: Question 127 options: are curious and enjoy experimentation and playfulness. are typically emotional and expressive, outgoing, and supportive of others. like to establish plans and procedures and get things done on time. focus on tasks and activities and like to deal with concrete facts. Question 128 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is highly risky for employees because they may lose their jobs, be ostracized by coworkers, or be transferred to undesirable positions. Question 128 options: Question 129 (1 point) Saved Listen People at the conventional level of personal moral development: Question 129 options: act in their own interest. follow internalized universal principles of justice and right. follow authority with blind obedience. fulfill duties and obligations of the social system. Question 130 (1 point) Saved Listen Describe the personality dimensions of extroversion and agreeableness. Question 130 options: Question 131 (1 point)Saved Listen What is a global mindset? Discuss the differences between leaders with and without a global mindset. Question 131 options: Question 132 (1 point) Saved Listen The dimension of extroversion includes the characteristic of _____. Question 132 options: security dependability agreeableness dominance Question 133 (1 point) Saved Listen A person's _ defines whether he or she places the primary responsibility within the self or on outside forces. Question 133 options: Question 134 (1 point) Saved Listen What are mental models? What is their importance? Question 134 options: Question 135 (1 point) Saved Listen Clarity of mind, clarity of objectives, and organizing to achieve objectives are the components of _____.Question 135 options: systems thinking stereotyping emotional intelligence personal mastery Question 136 (1 point) Saved Listen _ includes arousing followers' thoughts and imaginations as well as their ability to identify and solve problems creatively. (Intellectual stimulation) Question 136 options: Question 137 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of leaders who subscribe to the assumptions of Theory Y? Question 137 options: They believe that the average human being prefers to be directed and wishes to avoid responsibility. They do not believe that people will seek out greater responsibility and will exercise imagination and creativity. They believe that the average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible. They do not believe people have to be coerced and controlled in order to perform effectively. Question 138 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the followinginstrumental values is ranked higher by leaders than nonleaders? Question 138 options: Independent Self-controlled Helpful Loyal Question 139 (1 point)Saved Listen Briefly describe courage. Question 139 options: Question 140 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is a way in which the importance of courage is obscured by leaders in large organizations? Question 140 options: By pushing beyond the comfort zone By not conforming By asking for what they want and think is right By doing whatever brings promotions and pay raises Question 141 (1 point) Saved Listen Theory Y reflects the assumption that people are basically lazy and not motivated to work and that they have a natural tendency to avoid responsibility. Question 141 options: True False Question 142 (1 point) Saved Listen How can anger and frustration turn into courage? Question 142 options: Question 143 (1 point)Saved Listen Which of the following is a consequence of the fear inspired by some leaders? Question 143 options: Avoidance behavior among employees is eliminated. Damaging behaviors are avoided. Employees do not provide feedback. Employees have positive feelings about their work. Question 144 (1 point) Saved Listen For leaders, pushing beyond the comfort zone and facing the internal "wall of fear" is an act of: Question 144 options: courage. vision. goal setting. ethics. Question 145 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is a basic component of emotional intelligence? Question 145 options: Personal mastery Clarity of objectives Self-management Systems thinking Question 146 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders can learn to work more effectively with different personality types by striving for understanding.Question 146 options: True False Question 147 (1 point) Saved Listen What will happen if Tag's Inc. continues to make products based on an outdated mental model? Question 147 options: The products compete successfully on the market. The company becomes vulnerable. Employees continue to respect and trust the company's management. Employees secretly work to develop new products. Question 148 (1 point) Saved Listen _ refers to a person's abilities to perceive, identify, understand, and successfully manage emotions in self and others. Question 148 options: Question 149 (1 point) Saved Listen _____ transcend self-interest to serve the needs of others. Question 149 options: Authoritarian managers Participative managers Servant leaders Stewards Question 150 (1 point) SavedListen The _ leadership mindset emphasizes tight top-down control, employee standardization and specialization, and management by impersonal measurement and analysis. (authoritarian management) Question 150 options: Question 151 (1 point) Saved Listen Gilbert heads the accounts team of HFC Inc. He received negative feedback from his clients about one of the projects that he managed. He held his subordinates responsible as he felt that they were inefficient and worked carelessly. The judgment made by Gilbert is an example of _____. Question 151 options: a self-serving bias an internal attribution perceptual defense the halo effect Question 152 (1 point) Saved Listen Working effectively with others requires that individuals: Question 152 options: regard their assumptions as fixed truths rather than temporary ideas. use fear to motivate others effectively. draw on subtle aspects of themselves and appeal to those aspects in others. do not let their emotions and beliefs affect others. Question 153 (1 point) Saved Listen The Pike Syndrome illustrates the power of the conditioning that limits people's thinking and behavior. Question 153 options: TrueFalse Question 154 (1 point) Saved Listen Attributionshelp leaders handle situations. Discuss. Question 154 options: Question 155 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of systems thinking? Question 155 options: It includes the ability to see the separate elements of a system. It creates a gap between current reality and the vision of a better future. It sees diverse perspectives as a threat. It is a mental discipline for seeing patterns and interrelationships. Question 156 (1 point) Saved Listen An effective leader: Question 156 options: goes along with the traditional way of doing things. sticks to a mental model that sees everything from one's own personal perspective. does not apologize to his or her subordinates. does not follow his or her assumptions because they led to success in the past. Question 157 (1 point) Saved Listen _ is a state of paying attention to new information and a readiness to create new mental categories in the face of evolving information and shifting circumstances. (Mindfulness)Question 157 options: Question 158 (1 point) Saved Listen To think independently means: Question 158 options: paying attention to outdated information. staying mentally alert and thinking critically. thinking of solutions based on preestablished routines or categories. having the need to win at all costs and in all situations. Question 159 (1 point) Saved Listen A leader at the postconventional level of personal moral development focuses on: Question 159 options: getting a high return on investment. short-term goals. serving others and a higher cause. excessively promoting self-interest. Question 160 (1 point) Saved Listen Most adults operate at level _____ of personal moral development. Question 160 options: one two three four Question 161 (1 point)Saved Listen Alex is preparing the financial report for Evans Corp.'s annual report. His manager, Sadie, has instructed him to inflate the numbers in order to meet short-term earnings goals. By doing this, Sadie: Question 161 options: is putting the organization first before her own self-interest. is displaying full-scale corruption. wants to meet the demands of vendors. wants to please shareholders. Question 162 (1 point) Saved Listen _ refers to how a person perceives, processes, interprets, and uses information. Question 162 options: Question 163 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the followingcomponents is the most important part of systems thinking? Question 163 options: The individual parts of a system The complexity of a system The relationship among the parts that form the system The entire system rather than the parts Question 164 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of leading with head and heart? Question 164 options: The whole leader uses both head and heart when creating structure and handling operational issues. Emotions should not be used in the decision making process in times of uncertainty and rapid change.It keeps morale and motivation high. Wise leaders use only their intellect to make decisions. Question 165 (1 point) Saved Listen The halo effect occurs when perceivers see their own personal traits in other people. Question 165 options: True False Question 166 (1 point) Saved Listen Scott Thompson resigned as the CEO of Yahoo after only four months on the job because reports revealed he had inaccurately claimed on his resume that he had a degree in computer science. This is an example of: Question 166 options: arrogance. unethical behavior. servant leadership. stewardship. Question 167 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders can create organizational systems that support ethical behavior by: Question 167 options: showing tolerance for ethics violations. establishing vague ethics policies. establishing general ethics policies. creating open-door policies. Question 168 (1 point)Saved Listen Leadership courage means: Question 168 options: overemphasizing pleasing shareholders. excessively promoting self-interest. reducing boundaries. staying with what is familiar. Question 169 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following is an assumption of Theory Y? Question 169 options: Most people prefer to be directed, wish to avoid responsibility, have relatively little ambition, and want security above all. An average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible. A person will exercise self-direction and self-control in the service of objectives to which he or she is committed. Most people must be threatened with punishment to get them to put adequate effort toward the achievement of goals. Question 170 (1 point) Saved Listen Self-awareness is important for leaders.Discuss. Question 170 options: Question 171 (1 point) Saved Listen _ means questioning assumptions and interpreting data and events according to one's own beliefs, ideas, and thinking. Question 171 options: (Independent thinking)Question 172 (1 point) Saved Listen An unspoken notion among many senior-level executives is that fear is a good thing and benefits the organization. Question 172 options: True False Question 173 (1 point) Saved Listen _ are things leaders are not aware of or don't recognize as problems, that limit their effectiveness and hinder their career success. Question 173 options: Question 174 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following statements is true of end values? Question 174 options: They are beliefs about the kinds of goals or outcomes that are worth trying to pursue. They are beliefs about the types of behavior that are appropriate for reaching goals. They include such things as being helpful to others, being honest, or exhibiting courage. They tend to fall into two categories of morality and competence. Question 175 (1 point) Saved Listen The emotional state of a leader influences the entire team, department, or organization. Question 175 options: TrueFalse Question 176 (1 point) Saved Listen Conscientiousness refers to the degree to which a person is responsible, dependable, persistent, and _____. Question 176 options: compassionate achievement oriented emotionally stable adaptable Question 177 (1 point) Saved Listen Describe the Pike Syndrome. How doesit applyto leadership? Question 177 options: Question 178 (1 point) Saved Listen Peers and subordinates with lax ethical standards: Question 178 options: do what is right. feel free to act as they choose. show a commitment to ethics in their behavior. operate at a postconventional level. Question 179 (1 point) Saved Listen Victoria, an advertising manager, works effectively when dealing with routine and well-defined tasks, but she is not very good with tasks that require creativity. Hence, she assumes that her subordinatesalso have difficulty being creative. In the given scenario, Victoria's assumption is an example of _____. Question 179 options: the halo effect a self-serving bias perceptual defense projection Question 180 (1 point) Saved Listen Colleen is a medical researcher at Octogen Pharmaceuticals. She called attention to the illegal marketing of a drug produced by the company, despite threats from her superiors. Colleen's behavior can be best described as: Question 180 options: unethical behavior. authoritarian leadership. stewardship. whistleblowing. Question 181 (1 point) Saved Listen Leaders who recognize perceptual distortions can adjust their perceptions to match objective reality. Explain. Question 181 options: Question 182 (1 point) Saved Listen The framework for stewardship involves: Question 182 options: separating the "managing" and the "doing" of work. teams of workers responding to a changing view that workers are basically lazy. the idea that few people should get paid simply to manage work. Question 183 (1 point) Saved Listen At the _____ of personal moral development, a leader can balance self-interest with a concern for others and for the common good. Question 183 options: conventional level preconventional level postconventional level paraconventional level Question 184 (1 point) Saved Listen When Marney became the team leader, she made an effort to be mindful, a quality that the previous team leader did not have. Being mindful means that Marney will: Question 184 options: be open to new ideas. encourage team members to work together without conflict. interact often with team members. reward team members for superior performance. Question 185 (1 point) Saved Listen Which of the following forms of leadership was first described by Robert Greenleaf? Question 185 options: Servant leadership Authoritarian leadership Participative leadership StewardshipQuestion 186 (1 point) Saved Listen Briefly explain the concept of servant leadership as described by Robert Greenleaf. Question 186 options: Question 187 (1 point) Saved Listen _ enables leaders to look for patterns of movement over time and focus on the qualities of rhythm, flow, direction, shape, and networks of relationships that accomplish the performance of the whole. Question 187 options Question 188 (1 point) Saved Listen Organizations driven by _ are marked by an emphasis on positive interpersonal relationships. Question 188 options: (love) Question 189 (1 point) Saved Listen _, a component of emotional intelligence, refers to the ability to understand others. Question 189 options: (Social awareness)