ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Proctored
Exam with NGN 100 Real Questions and
100% Verified Answers
EXAM
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin IV to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer the infusion over 30 minutes
B. Monitor the client for hypotension during the infusion
C. Ensure the client has a serum trough level drawn 30 minutes after the infusion
D. Assess the IV site for signs of infiltration before starting the infusion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Vancomycin is a vesicant and can cause severe tissue damage if extravasation occurs.
The nurse should assess the IV site for patency and signs of infiltration before infusion.
Vancomycin should be infused over at least 60 minutes to prevent red man syndrome
(flushing, hypotension). Trough levels are drawn just before the next dose, not after.
Question 2
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for
warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of
the teaching?
A. "I will increase my intake of leafy green vegetables."
B. "I will take ibuprofen if I have a headache."
,C. "I will have my INR checked regularly."
D. "I will stop taking this medication if I notice bruising."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Warfarin requires regular monitoring of INR to maintain a therapeutic level (2–3 for
most indications). Clients should maintain consistent vitamin K intake, not increase it.
NSAIDs like ibuprofen increase bleeding risk and should be avoided. Bruising is an
expected adverse effect; the client should notify the provider but not stop the
medication abruptly.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking digoxin and furosemide. Which of the
following findings indicates digoxin toxicity?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Weight gain
D. Constipation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Digoxin toxicity causes bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision (yellow-green
halos), and confusion. Furosemide causes hypokalemia, which increases the risk of
digoxin toxicity. Hyperkalemia, weight gain, and constipation are not signs of digoxin
toxicity.
,Question 4
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for
lithium. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Select all that apply.
Laboratory Result Value
Serum lithium level 1.2 mEq/L
Serum sodium 128 mEq/L
Serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 6.5 mIU/L
A. Serum lithium level 1.2 mEq/L
B. Serum sodium 128 mEq/L
C. Serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL
D. TSH 6.5 mIU/L
Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale:
Serum sodium 128 mEq/L (low): Hyponatremia increases lithium retention,
raising risk of toxicity.
Serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL (elevated): Lithium is excreted by the kidneys; renal
impairment increases toxicity risk.
TSH 6.5 mIU/L (elevated): Lithium can cause hypothyroidism; this requires
monitoring and possible treatment.
Serum lithium 1.2 mEq/L: This is within the therapeutic range (0.6–1.2 mEq/L for
acute mania; maintenance is 0.6–1.0). It is not a concern unless accompanied by
signs of toxicity.
, Question 5
A nurse is administering subcutaneous heparin to a client. Which of the following
actions is correct?
A. Aspirate before injection to check for blood return
B. Administer the injection in the deltoid muscle
C. Apply firm pressure to the site after injection
D. Massage the site after injection to promote absorption
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Apply firm pressure after heparin injection to prevent bleeding. Do not aspirate (can
cause hematoma), massage (increases bleeding risk), or inject into muscle (IM injections
increase bleeding risk). Heparin is given subcutaneously in the abdomen.
Question 6
A nurse is teaching a client about metformin. Which of the following should the nurse
include?
A. "This medication stimulates insulin release from the pancreas."
B. "You should take this medication with meals to prevent gastrointestinal upset."
C. "This medication may cause weight gain."
D. "You should monitor for hypoglycemia as a common adverse effect."
Correct Answer: B
Exam with NGN 100 Real Questions and
100% Verified Answers
EXAM
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin IV to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer the infusion over 30 minutes
B. Monitor the client for hypotension during the infusion
C. Ensure the client has a serum trough level drawn 30 minutes after the infusion
D. Assess the IV site for signs of infiltration before starting the infusion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Vancomycin is a vesicant and can cause severe tissue damage if extravasation occurs.
The nurse should assess the IV site for patency and signs of infiltration before infusion.
Vancomycin should be infused over at least 60 minutes to prevent red man syndrome
(flushing, hypotension). Trough levels are drawn just before the next dose, not after.
Question 2
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for
warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of
the teaching?
A. "I will increase my intake of leafy green vegetables."
B. "I will take ibuprofen if I have a headache."
,C. "I will have my INR checked regularly."
D. "I will stop taking this medication if I notice bruising."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Warfarin requires regular monitoring of INR to maintain a therapeutic level (2–3 for
most indications). Clients should maintain consistent vitamin K intake, not increase it.
NSAIDs like ibuprofen increase bleeding risk and should be avoided. Bruising is an
expected adverse effect; the client should notify the provider but not stop the
medication abruptly.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking digoxin and furosemide. Which of the
following findings indicates digoxin toxicity?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Weight gain
D. Constipation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Digoxin toxicity causes bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision (yellow-green
halos), and confusion. Furosemide causes hypokalemia, which increases the risk of
digoxin toxicity. Hyperkalemia, weight gain, and constipation are not signs of digoxin
toxicity.
,Question 4
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for
lithium. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Select all that apply.
Laboratory Result Value
Serum lithium level 1.2 mEq/L
Serum sodium 128 mEq/L
Serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 6.5 mIU/L
A. Serum lithium level 1.2 mEq/L
B. Serum sodium 128 mEq/L
C. Serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL
D. TSH 6.5 mIU/L
Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale:
Serum sodium 128 mEq/L (low): Hyponatremia increases lithium retention,
raising risk of toxicity.
Serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL (elevated): Lithium is excreted by the kidneys; renal
impairment increases toxicity risk.
TSH 6.5 mIU/L (elevated): Lithium can cause hypothyroidism; this requires
monitoring and possible treatment.
Serum lithium 1.2 mEq/L: This is within the therapeutic range (0.6–1.2 mEq/L for
acute mania; maintenance is 0.6–1.0). It is not a concern unless accompanied by
signs of toxicity.
, Question 5
A nurse is administering subcutaneous heparin to a client. Which of the following
actions is correct?
A. Aspirate before injection to check for blood return
B. Administer the injection in the deltoid muscle
C. Apply firm pressure to the site after injection
D. Massage the site after injection to promote absorption
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Apply firm pressure after heparin injection to prevent bleeding. Do not aspirate (can
cause hematoma), massage (increases bleeding risk), or inject into muscle (IM injections
increase bleeding risk). Heparin is given subcutaneously in the abdomen.
Question 6
A nurse is teaching a client about metformin. Which of the following should the nurse
include?
A. "This medication stimulates insulin release from the pancreas."
B. "You should take this medication with meals to prevent gastrointestinal upset."
C. "This medication may cause weight gain."
D. "You should monitor for hypoglycemia as a common adverse effect."
Correct Answer: B
