COMPLETE 150 PLUS QUESTIONS AND
WELL EXPLAINED ANSWERS
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW PAPER
GRADED A+
⩥ Define colonization. Answer: Presence of microorganisms without
causing disease.
⩥ What is virulence? Answer: Degree of pathogenicity of a
microorganism.
⩥ Main infectious agents? Answer: Prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi,
parasites.
⩥ Gram-positive vs Gram-negative? Answer: Positive = purple;
Negative = red.
⩥ Define incidence. Answer: New cases of disease.
⩥ Stages of infection? Answer: Incubation, prodromal, acute,
convalescent, resolution.
, ⩥ Bactericidal vs bacteriostatic? Answer: Kills vs inhibits bacteria.
⩥ What are PRRs? Answer: Pattern recognition receptors.
⩥ Most abundant immunoglobulin? Answer: IgG.
⩥ Primary vs secondary immunodeficiency? Answer: Congenital vs
acquired.
⩥ HIV transmission to children? Answer: Primarily perinatal
transmission.
⩥ Host Answer: Organism that harbors a pathogen.
⩥ Infectious Disease Answer: Disease caused by pathogens invading a
host.
⩥ Colonization Answer: Presence and multiplication of microorganisms
without tissue invasion.
⩥ Microflora Answer: Microorganisms normally present in or on the
body.