NUTR 121 EXAM 2| QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1. The AMDR recommendations for protein intake is ___% to __% for total protein
calories per day whereas, the average adult should intake ___ grams of protein per
kilogram of body weight per day, respectively
45-65%; 1.0g
10-35%; 0.8g
5-15%; 0.8g
23-47%; 1.2g
2. What are the primary hormones involved in the regulation of blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
Estrogen and testosterone
Insulin and glucagon
Thyroid hormone and adrenaline
3. Discuss the potential risks associated with following fad diets.
Fad diets are effective for everyone and have no associated risks.
Fad diets can lead to nutritional deficiencies and may not provide
balanced nutrition.
Fad diets are based on scientific research and are recommended by
nutritionists.
Fad diets are safe and promote a balanced intake of nutrients.
4. Which mineral is known to be the most prevalent in the human body?
, Calcium
Potassium
Iron
Magnesium
5. What is the definition of bone remodeling?
The breakdown of bone tissue without any renewal.
The formation of new bone tissue only during childhood.
The process by which bone tissue is continuously renewed and
replaced.
The process of storing calcium in the bones.
6. Which of the following is the best and safest source of phytochemicals?
supplements
fruits & vegetables
organic foods
herbal remedies
7. Describe the role of pepsin in the digestive process.
Pepsin converts carbohydrates into sugars in the stomach.
Pepsin emulsifies fats for digestion in the stomach.
Pepsin neutralizes stomach acid to protect the intestines.
Pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides in the acidic
environment of the stomach.
,8. What is the primary role of calcium in bone health?
Regulation and stimulation of intestinal absorption of vitamin D
Increased production of osteoclasts
Non-prescription alternative to bisphosphonates for treatment of osteoporosis
Development of peak bone mass and prevention of bone loss
9. A sound weight-loss program ___________ .
Includes a wide variety of low-energy-density food.
Stresses regular physical activity.
Includes behavioral modification.
All of the above
10. Describe how lifestyle choices can impact bone health.
Bone health is solely determined by genetics.
Lifestyle choices such as physical activity and smoking can
significantly affect bone health.
Only dietary choices affect bone health.
Lifestyle choices have no impact on bone health.
11. What is the most serious consequence of untreated dehydration?
Death
Heat stroke
Heat exhaustion
Syncope
, 12. An antioxidant is defined as
Any substance in food that the body can use to obtain energy.
Substances in plants that may possess health protective effects, even though
they are not essential for life.
A substance that combines with or otherwise neutralizes a free
radical, thus preventing oxidative damage to the cells and tissues.
None of the above
13. Describe how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) contributes to fluid balance in the body.
ADH helps the kidneys retain water, reducing urine output.
ADH regulates blood pressure by constricting blood vessels. ADH
stimulates thirst to increase fluid intake.
ADH increases urine production to eliminate excess fluid.
14. If a diet lacks sufficient fruits and vegetables, what potential health impact could
arise due to low phytochemical intake?
Increased risk of chronic diseases
Improved bone density
Decreased hydration levels
Enhanced muscle growth
15. Describe how sodium intake can influence blood pressure levels.
Sodium helps to lower blood pressure by promoting vasodilation.
High sodium intake can lead to increased blood pressure due to fluid
retention.
1. The AMDR recommendations for protein intake is ___% to __% for total protein
calories per day whereas, the average adult should intake ___ grams of protein per
kilogram of body weight per day, respectively
45-65%; 1.0g
10-35%; 0.8g
5-15%; 0.8g
23-47%; 1.2g
2. What are the primary hormones involved in the regulation of blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
Estrogen and testosterone
Insulin and glucagon
Thyroid hormone and adrenaline
3. Discuss the potential risks associated with following fad diets.
Fad diets are effective for everyone and have no associated risks.
Fad diets can lead to nutritional deficiencies and may not provide
balanced nutrition.
Fad diets are based on scientific research and are recommended by
nutritionists.
Fad diets are safe and promote a balanced intake of nutrients.
4. Which mineral is known to be the most prevalent in the human body?
, Calcium
Potassium
Iron
Magnesium
5. What is the definition of bone remodeling?
The breakdown of bone tissue without any renewal.
The formation of new bone tissue only during childhood.
The process by which bone tissue is continuously renewed and
replaced.
The process of storing calcium in the bones.
6. Which of the following is the best and safest source of phytochemicals?
supplements
fruits & vegetables
organic foods
herbal remedies
7. Describe the role of pepsin in the digestive process.
Pepsin converts carbohydrates into sugars in the stomach.
Pepsin emulsifies fats for digestion in the stomach.
Pepsin neutralizes stomach acid to protect the intestines.
Pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides in the acidic
environment of the stomach.
,8. What is the primary role of calcium in bone health?
Regulation and stimulation of intestinal absorption of vitamin D
Increased production of osteoclasts
Non-prescription alternative to bisphosphonates for treatment of osteoporosis
Development of peak bone mass and prevention of bone loss
9. A sound weight-loss program ___________ .
Includes a wide variety of low-energy-density food.
Stresses regular physical activity.
Includes behavioral modification.
All of the above
10. Describe how lifestyle choices can impact bone health.
Bone health is solely determined by genetics.
Lifestyle choices such as physical activity and smoking can
significantly affect bone health.
Only dietary choices affect bone health.
Lifestyle choices have no impact on bone health.
11. What is the most serious consequence of untreated dehydration?
Death
Heat stroke
Heat exhaustion
Syncope
, 12. An antioxidant is defined as
Any substance in food that the body can use to obtain energy.
Substances in plants that may possess health protective effects, even though
they are not essential for life.
A substance that combines with or otherwise neutralizes a free
radical, thus preventing oxidative damage to the cells and tissues.
None of the above
13. Describe how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) contributes to fluid balance in the body.
ADH helps the kidneys retain water, reducing urine output.
ADH regulates blood pressure by constricting blood vessels. ADH
stimulates thirst to increase fluid intake.
ADH increases urine production to eliminate excess fluid.
14. If a diet lacks sufficient fruits and vegetables, what potential health impact could
arise due to low phytochemical intake?
Increased risk of chronic diseases
Improved bone density
Decreased hydration levels
Enhanced muscle growth
15. Describe how sodium intake can influence blood pressure levels.
Sodium helps to lower blood pressure by promoting vasodilation.
High sodium intake can lead to increased blood pressure due to fluid
retention.
