& Answers Latest 2026-2027. Graded A
6 pollutants to assess air quality - Ans- ozone
- CO
- NO2
- SO2
- particulate matter
- lead
Absolute pressure - AnsMeasured wrt true zero pressure
Active vs. Passive - Ansactive = wall moves away from soil
passive = wall moves into soil
Alkalinity - Ansmeasure of ability of a water to neutralize acids
azimuth - AnsCW angle from reference direction
Bending members buckling - AnsLTB (global)
FLB (local)
WLB (local)
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, Bid bond - Ansguarantee bidder will enter into contract with client if lowest
bidder
Cohesionless soils - Anssands/gravels
Cohesive soils - Ansclays/silts
(internal friction angle = 0)
Compression members buckling - Ans- flexural
- torsional
- flexural-torsional
Contract Types - Ans- lump sum
- unit price
- cost plus
cut - Ansearthwork to be excavated
Density - Ansmass/volume
departure - Ansdistance line extends in E/W
Differential settlements - Ansmost damaging, not uniform across supported
area
Ductility - Ansability to deform without fracture in inelastic range
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