NURS 304: Mobility – Accurate Answers To All
Questions
Save
Terms in this set (74)
mobility medications -reduce muscle spasm or spasticity
-improve movement and comfort
-increase risk for sedation and falls
-independence
skeletal muscle relaxants -medications that reduce muscle tightness and
spasms
-used to relieve pain and discomfort
-do not heal injuries
first line treatment -rest and positioning
-cold or heat therapy
-physical therapy
-massage and stretching
central acting muscle relaxants Most act in the brain and spinal cord
Reduce nerve signals to muscles
Cause relaxation but also drowsiness
direct acting muscle relaxants Act “directly” on skeletal muscle
Do not work through the CNS
Closely resemble GABA – gamma-aminobutyric acid
➢ All may cause drowsiness and dizziness
acute painful muscle spasms antispasmodics (short term)
-back, neck, or musculoskeletal injury
chronic spasticity antispastics (long term)
multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury
,Muscle Relaxants: ➢Extension of effects on CNS and skeletal
Adverse Effects and Safety muscles
o Drowsiness
o Euphoria
o Lightheadedness
o Dizziness
o Fatigue
o Muscle weakness
⚠ Increased fall risk, especially in older
adults
Toxicity and Management of Primarily involve the CNS
Overdose Physical Dependence
No specific antidote or reversal
Treated with conservative supportive
measures
If taken along with other CNS
depressants
• Adequate airway must be maintained
• EKG monitoring
• Administer fluids to avoid crystalluria
safety and interactions Safety Considerations
Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants
Use caution with:
▪ Benzodiazepines
▪ Opioids
▪ Sleep medications
⚠ Do not drive or operate machinery until effects are
known
, centrally acting muscle relaxants ▪ Baclofen (Lioresal)
▪ Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
▪ Metaxalone (Skelaxin)
▪ Tizanidine (Zanaflex)
▪ Carisoprodol (Soma)
▪ Chlorzoxazone (Paraflex)
▪ Methocarbamol (Robaxin)
▪ Diazepam (Valium)
Most commonly prescribed
Cause CNS depression
commonalities of muscle relaxants •Act in the brain and spinal cord
•Cause drowsiness and dizziness
•Increase fall risk
•Avoid alcohol and other sedating medications
medications for muscle relaxation and acts in the CNS: • Baclofen [Lioresal]
spasticity • Diazepam [Valium]
• Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
acts directly on the smooth muscle: • Dantrolene
[Dantrium]
others: • Gabapentin (Neurontin)
• Botulinum Toxin (Botox)
Baclofen (Lioresal) Mechanism of Action
▪ Acts in the brain and spinal cord
(GABA-B agonist)
• Decreases flexor and extensor spasms
• Suppresses resistance to passive
movement
▪ Mimics the action of GABA on spinal
neurons, suppressing hyperactive
reflexes
Therapeutic uses
• Spasticity from Multiple sclerosis,
spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy
Key warning
▪ Do NOT stop abruptly
Questions
Save
Terms in this set (74)
mobility medications -reduce muscle spasm or spasticity
-improve movement and comfort
-increase risk for sedation and falls
-independence
skeletal muscle relaxants -medications that reduce muscle tightness and
spasms
-used to relieve pain and discomfort
-do not heal injuries
first line treatment -rest and positioning
-cold or heat therapy
-physical therapy
-massage and stretching
central acting muscle relaxants Most act in the brain and spinal cord
Reduce nerve signals to muscles
Cause relaxation but also drowsiness
direct acting muscle relaxants Act “directly” on skeletal muscle
Do not work through the CNS
Closely resemble GABA – gamma-aminobutyric acid
➢ All may cause drowsiness and dizziness
acute painful muscle spasms antispasmodics (short term)
-back, neck, or musculoskeletal injury
chronic spasticity antispastics (long term)
multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury
,Muscle Relaxants: ➢Extension of effects on CNS and skeletal
Adverse Effects and Safety muscles
o Drowsiness
o Euphoria
o Lightheadedness
o Dizziness
o Fatigue
o Muscle weakness
⚠ Increased fall risk, especially in older
adults
Toxicity and Management of Primarily involve the CNS
Overdose Physical Dependence
No specific antidote or reversal
Treated with conservative supportive
measures
If taken along with other CNS
depressants
• Adequate airway must be maintained
• EKG monitoring
• Administer fluids to avoid crystalluria
safety and interactions Safety Considerations
Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants
Use caution with:
▪ Benzodiazepines
▪ Opioids
▪ Sleep medications
⚠ Do not drive or operate machinery until effects are
known
, centrally acting muscle relaxants ▪ Baclofen (Lioresal)
▪ Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
▪ Metaxalone (Skelaxin)
▪ Tizanidine (Zanaflex)
▪ Carisoprodol (Soma)
▪ Chlorzoxazone (Paraflex)
▪ Methocarbamol (Robaxin)
▪ Diazepam (Valium)
Most commonly prescribed
Cause CNS depression
commonalities of muscle relaxants •Act in the brain and spinal cord
•Cause drowsiness and dizziness
•Increase fall risk
•Avoid alcohol and other sedating medications
medications for muscle relaxation and acts in the CNS: • Baclofen [Lioresal]
spasticity • Diazepam [Valium]
• Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
acts directly on the smooth muscle: • Dantrolene
[Dantrium]
others: • Gabapentin (Neurontin)
• Botulinum Toxin (Botox)
Baclofen (Lioresal) Mechanism of Action
▪ Acts in the brain and spinal cord
(GABA-B agonist)
• Decreases flexor and extensor spasms
• Suppresses resistance to passive
movement
▪ Mimics the action of GABA on spinal
neurons, suppressing hyperactive
reflexes
Therapeutic uses
• Spasticity from Multiple sclerosis,
spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy
Key warning
▪ Do NOT stop abruptly
