NMNC 1235 Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Vesicular - CORRECT ANSWER Low-pitched, soft sounds heard over peripheral lung
fields.
Bronchovesicular - CORRECT ANSWER Moderate-pitched sounds heard over main
bronchi.
Bronchial (Tracheal) - CORRECT ANSWER High-pitched, loud sounds heard over the
trachea.
Crackles (Rales) - CORRECT ANSWER Popping sounds due to fluid in alveoli (e.g.,
pneumonia, heart failure).
Wheezes - CORRECT ANSWER High-pitched whistling due to narrowed airways
(e.g., asthma, COPD).
Rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER Low-pitched snoring sounds due to mucus (e.g.,
bronchitis).
Stridor - CORRECT ANSWER High-pitched, harsh sound due to airway obstruction
(e.g., croup, epiglottitis).
Pleural friction rub - CORRECT ANSWER Grating sound due to pleural inflammation.
Chest Excursion - CORRECT ANSWER Symmetrical movement of the chest during
breathing.
Fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER Vibration felt on the chest wall when a patient speaks
('99').
, Increased fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates consolidation (e.g., pneumonia).
Decreased fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates pleural effusion, pneumothorax,
or obstructed bronchus.
S1 (Lub) - CORRECT ANSWER Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves. Best heard at
the apex.
S2 (Dub) - CORRECT ANSWER Closure of aortic and pulmonic valves. Best heard at
the base.
S3 (Ventricular gallop) - CORRECT ANSWER May indicate heart failure.
S4 (Atrial gallop) - CORRECT ANSWER Associated with hypertension or stiff
ventricles.
Murmurs - CORRECT ANSWER Turbulent blood flow, graded I-VI.
Pericardial friction rub - CORRECT ANSWER Scratchy sound due to pericarditis.
Auscultation Sites (APETM) - CORRECT ANSWER Locations for heart sounds:
Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb's Point, Tricuspid, Mitral.
Jugular Venous Distention (JVD) - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates right-sided heart
failure.
Acute Pain - CORRECT ANSWER Sudden onset, protective (e.g., post-op pain,
trauma).
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Vesicular - CORRECT ANSWER Low-pitched, soft sounds heard over peripheral lung
fields.
Bronchovesicular - CORRECT ANSWER Moderate-pitched sounds heard over main
bronchi.
Bronchial (Tracheal) - CORRECT ANSWER High-pitched, loud sounds heard over the
trachea.
Crackles (Rales) - CORRECT ANSWER Popping sounds due to fluid in alveoli (e.g.,
pneumonia, heart failure).
Wheezes - CORRECT ANSWER High-pitched whistling due to narrowed airways
(e.g., asthma, COPD).
Rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER Low-pitched snoring sounds due to mucus (e.g.,
bronchitis).
Stridor - CORRECT ANSWER High-pitched, harsh sound due to airway obstruction
(e.g., croup, epiglottitis).
Pleural friction rub - CORRECT ANSWER Grating sound due to pleural inflammation.
Chest Excursion - CORRECT ANSWER Symmetrical movement of the chest during
breathing.
Fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER Vibration felt on the chest wall when a patient speaks
('99').
, Increased fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates consolidation (e.g., pneumonia).
Decreased fremitus - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates pleural effusion, pneumothorax,
or obstructed bronchus.
S1 (Lub) - CORRECT ANSWER Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves. Best heard at
the apex.
S2 (Dub) - CORRECT ANSWER Closure of aortic and pulmonic valves. Best heard at
the base.
S3 (Ventricular gallop) - CORRECT ANSWER May indicate heart failure.
S4 (Atrial gallop) - CORRECT ANSWER Associated with hypertension or stiff
ventricles.
Murmurs - CORRECT ANSWER Turbulent blood flow, graded I-VI.
Pericardial friction rub - CORRECT ANSWER Scratchy sound due to pericarditis.
Auscultation Sites (APETM) - CORRECT ANSWER Locations for heart sounds:
Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb's Point, Tricuspid, Mitral.
Jugular Venous Distention (JVD) - CORRECT ANSWER Indicates right-sided heart
failure.
Acute Pain - CORRECT ANSWER Sudden onset, protective (e.g., post-op pain,
trauma).
