NUR 612 Exam 1 UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER Study of the normal functions of the human body
Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of the cellular and organ changes
that occur with disease and the effects that these changes have on the total body function
Focuses on the mechanism of the underlying disease and provides information to assist with
planning preventive as well as therapeutic health care measures and practices such as
following a healthy diet, exercising, and being compliant with prescribed medications
Determinants of Health - CORRECT ANSWER Attain lives free of preventable
disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Promote good health for all
Promote healthy behaviors across the life span
Disease - CORRECT ANSWER An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born
with that causes physiological dysfunction in one or more body system
Etiology - CORRECT ANSWER Explains the cause of the disease
Pathogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER How the disease process evolves
Sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from initial contact with an etiologic agent
until the ultimate expression of the disease occurs
Morphologic changes - CORRECT ANSWER The microscopic and gross changes that
are characteristic in a disease process
Histology - CORRECT ANSWER The microscopic study of cells and extracellular
matrix
,Lesion - CORRECT ANSWER A pathologic or traumatic change of an organ or tissue
Clinical Manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER The hidden or obvious evidence that a
person is sick
Symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER Subjective complaints noted by the person with the
disorder such as pain, difficulty breathing, headache, blurred vision
Signs - CORRECT ANSWER Disease manifestations noted by the observer such as
temperature elevation, a blown pupil and pitting edema
Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER A compilation of signs and symptoms
Complication - CORRECT ANSWER Adverse extension of a disease or treatment
Sequelae - CORRECT ANSWER Lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by
a disease
Diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWER Designation as to cause or nature of a health
problem; involves evaluating competing possibilities and selecting the most likely one from
many conditions in a given age, gender, race, lifestyle, genetic background and locality based
upon
History - CORRECT ANSWER The person's account of symptoms, progress, and
factors that contribute to a diagnosis
Physical Exam - CORRECT ANSWER Performed to identify signs of altered body
structure or functions; also may identify problems not obtained in the history
Acute disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Relatively severe, but self-limited
,Subacute disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Intermediate between an acute and a chronic
disorder, general not as severe as an acute disorder and does not last as long as a chronic
disorder
Chronic disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Continous, long-term process
May improve or get worse
Preclinical stage - CORRECT ANSWER Disease is not clinically evident but will
progress to clinical disease
Sublcinical disease - CORRECT ANSWER Not clinically apparent and not destined to
become a clinical disease
Clinical disease - CORRECT ANSWER The disease is present as manifested by signs
and symptoms
Carrier Status - CORRECT ANSWER A person has an organism but is not infected as
evidenced by an antibody response or by clinical manifestations; this person CAN infect
others
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of disease occurrence in human
populations
Incidence - CORRECT ANSWER Reflects the number of new cases of a particular
illness during a specified time for a population at risk that does not have the disease
Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER Measures existing disease in a population at a
given point in time
Morbidity - CORRECT ANSWER Describes the effects of an illness
, Mortality - CORRECT ANSWER Death
Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWER Conditions suspected of contributing to a
development of a disease
Cross-sectional - CORRECT ANSWER Use the simultaneous collection of information
to classify exposure and outcome status
Used to compare prevalence of disease in those with exposure factor to those unexposed to
the factor
Case-controlled - CORRECT ANSWER Compare people with known outcome of
interest to those known NOT to have the outcome of interests
Cohort - CORRECT ANSWER Involves groups born approximately at the same time
or who share some characteristics of interest
Followed over a period of time to observe a specific health outcome
May study single or multiple groups
Prognosis - CORRECT ANSWER The Probable outcome and likelihood of recovery
from a disease
Designated as:
Chances for full recovery
Possibility of complications
Anticipated survival time
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Removing risk factors, so disease does not
occur
Immunization
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER Study of the normal functions of the human body
Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of the cellular and organ changes
that occur with disease and the effects that these changes have on the total body function
Focuses on the mechanism of the underlying disease and provides information to assist with
planning preventive as well as therapeutic health care measures and practices such as
following a healthy diet, exercising, and being compliant with prescribed medications
Determinants of Health - CORRECT ANSWER Attain lives free of preventable
disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Promote good health for all
Promote healthy behaviors across the life span
Disease - CORRECT ANSWER An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born
with that causes physiological dysfunction in one or more body system
Etiology - CORRECT ANSWER Explains the cause of the disease
Pathogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER How the disease process evolves
Sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from initial contact with an etiologic agent
until the ultimate expression of the disease occurs
Morphologic changes - CORRECT ANSWER The microscopic and gross changes that
are characteristic in a disease process
Histology - CORRECT ANSWER The microscopic study of cells and extracellular
matrix
,Lesion - CORRECT ANSWER A pathologic or traumatic change of an organ or tissue
Clinical Manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER The hidden or obvious evidence that a
person is sick
Symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER Subjective complaints noted by the person with the
disorder such as pain, difficulty breathing, headache, blurred vision
Signs - CORRECT ANSWER Disease manifestations noted by the observer such as
temperature elevation, a blown pupil and pitting edema
Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER A compilation of signs and symptoms
Complication - CORRECT ANSWER Adverse extension of a disease or treatment
Sequelae - CORRECT ANSWER Lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by
a disease
Diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWER Designation as to cause or nature of a health
problem; involves evaluating competing possibilities and selecting the most likely one from
many conditions in a given age, gender, race, lifestyle, genetic background and locality based
upon
History - CORRECT ANSWER The person's account of symptoms, progress, and
factors that contribute to a diagnosis
Physical Exam - CORRECT ANSWER Performed to identify signs of altered body
structure or functions; also may identify problems not obtained in the history
Acute disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Relatively severe, but self-limited
,Subacute disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Intermediate between an acute and a chronic
disorder, general not as severe as an acute disorder and does not last as long as a chronic
disorder
Chronic disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Continous, long-term process
May improve or get worse
Preclinical stage - CORRECT ANSWER Disease is not clinically evident but will
progress to clinical disease
Sublcinical disease - CORRECT ANSWER Not clinically apparent and not destined to
become a clinical disease
Clinical disease - CORRECT ANSWER The disease is present as manifested by signs
and symptoms
Carrier Status - CORRECT ANSWER A person has an organism but is not infected as
evidenced by an antibody response or by clinical manifestations; this person CAN infect
others
Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of disease occurrence in human
populations
Incidence - CORRECT ANSWER Reflects the number of new cases of a particular
illness during a specified time for a population at risk that does not have the disease
Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER Measures existing disease in a population at a
given point in time
Morbidity - CORRECT ANSWER Describes the effects of an illness
, Mortality - CORRECT ANSWER Death
Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWER Conditions suspected of contributing to a
development of a disease
Cross-sectional - CORRECT ANSWER Use the simultaneous collection of information
to classify exposure and outcome status
Used to compare prevalence of disease in those with exposure factor to those unexposed to
the factor
Case-controlled - CORRECT ANSWER Compare people with known outcome of
interest to those known NOT to have the outcome of interests
Cohort - CORRECT ANSWER Involves groups born approximately at the same time
or who share some characteristics of interest
Followed over a period of time to observe a specific health outcome
May study single or multiple groups
Prognosis - CORRECT ANSWER The Probable outcome and likelihood of recovery
from a disease
Designated as:
Chances for full recovery
Possibility of complications
Anticipated survival time
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Removing risk factors, so disease does not
occur
Immunization
