SARAH MICHELLE AANP EXAM FINAL PAPER
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH FULL
SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Parkinson's Treatment. Answer: Start w/ Dopamine agonists:
ropinirole (Requip)
can cause issues w/ impulse control, leg edema, & hypotension
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
GI side effects & hypotension
Works well for bradykinesia symptoms
Begins to work less and less starting after 3-5 yrs of use; "weaning
off phenomenon"
◉ Meningitis Tests. Answer: Diagnostic: lumbar puncture/spinal tap
-Brudzinski sign: back of the head flexed forward causes hips and
knees to bend
-Kernig sign: unable to extend knee pass 90 degree angle w/o pain
◉ Multiple Sclerosis. Answer: Chronic autoimmune condition,
demyelinated lesions in brain- central nervous system not
communicating anymore w/ peripheral nerves
,Weakness, sensory loss, fatigue, vision loss
No cure
Disease-modifying therapies: medications that aim to slow the
progression & reduce frequency & severity of relapses—> Beta-
interferons (Avonex, Rebif, Extavia, Gilenya)
◉ Myasthenia Gravis. Answer: Autoimmune condition, affects
neuromuscular junction (has to do w/ acetylcholine receptors in
brain) and leads to muscle weakness (esp. face and eyes); dropping
eyelids, facial muscles, difficulty swallowing, slurred speech
**Worsens w/ activity and improves w/ rest, better in the morning**
◉ Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Answer: Rare autoimmune disorder
that affect peripheral nervous system
Often triggered by infection
Starts w/ weakness and tingling in feet and legs that gradually
spread upwards; muscle pain, loss of reflexes, paralysis, difficulty
swallowing/breathing
Treatment w/ IVIg
◉ Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. Answer: Associated w/ Herpes Zoster
(Shingles) caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus
Shingles outbreak, spreads to facial nerve
, Sudden onset of paralysis on one side of face, painful blisters in ear
canal, earlobe, face
Hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, loss of taste, drooling
◉ Alzheimer's Disease. Answer: Characterized by Apraxia
(movement diability), Agnosia (not recognizing ppl), Aphasia
(inability to express or comprehend reading, writing, speech)
Deposits of beta-amyloid plaques & neurofibrillary tau protein
tangles in brain
◉ Assessment tools of Alzheimers. Answer: Mini Mental Status
Exam: 30 questions (10 mins) measures orientation, registration,
attention, recall, & language; Score of less than 12 is considered
severe cognitive impairment
◉ Dementia Diagnosis. Answer: Should involve clinical assessment,
lab evaluation, neuropsychiatric testing & advanced brain imaging
Mini-cog tool: used to assess for Dementia
Negative screen is 3-5
Positive screen is 0-2
(not a definitive diagnosis & does not differentiate b/w early and
late stage)
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH FULL
SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Parkinson's Treatment. Answer: Start w/ Dopamine agonists:
ropinirole (Requip)
can cause issues w/ impulse control, leg edema, & hypotension
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
GI side effects & hypotension
Works well for bradykinesia symptoms
Begins to work less and less starting after 3-5 yrs of use; "weaning
off phenomenon"
◉ Meningitis Tests. Answer: Diagnostic: lumbar puncture/spinal tap
-Brudzinski sign: back of the head flexed forward causes hips and
knees to bend
-Kernig sign: unable to extend knee pass 90 degree angle w/o pain
◉ Multiple Sclerosis. Answer: Chronic autoimmune condition,
demyelinated lesions in brain- central nervous system not
communicating anymore w/ peripheral nerves
,Weakness, sensory loss, fatigue, vision loss
No cure
Disease-modifying therapies: medications that aim to slow the
progression & reduce frequency & severity of relapses—> Beta-
interferons (Avonex, Rebif, Extavia, Gilenya)
◉ Myasthenia Gravis. Answer: Autoimmune condition, affects
neuromuscular junction (has to do w/ acetylcholine receptors in
brain) and leads to muscle weakness (esp. face and eyes); dropping
eyelids, facial muscles, difficulty swallowing, slurred speech
**Worsens w/ activity and improves w/ rest, better in the morning**
◉ Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Answer: Rare autoimmune disorder
that affect peripheral nervous system
Often triggered by infection
Starts w/ weakness and tingling in feet and legs that gradually
spread upwards; muscle pain, loss of reflexes, paralysis, difficulty
swallowing/breathing
Treatment w/ IVIg
◉ Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. Answer: Associated w/ Herpes Zoster
(Shingles) caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus
Shingles outbreak, spreads to facial nerve
, Sudden onset of paralysis on one side of face, painful blisters in ear
canal, earlobe, face
Hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, loss of taste, drooling
◉ Alzheimer's Disease. Answer: Characterized by Apraxia
(movement diability), Agnosia (not recognizing ppl), Aphasia
(inability to express or comprehend reading, writing, speech)
Deposits of beta-amyloid plaques & neurofibrillary tau protein
tangles in brain
◉ Assessment tools of Alzheimers. Answer: Mini Mental Status
Exam: 30 questions (10 mins) measures orientation, registration,
attention, recall, & language; Score of less than 12 is considered
severe cognitive impairment
◉ Dementia Diagnosis. Answer: Should involve clinical assessment,
lab evaluation, neuropsychiatric testing & advanced brain imaging
Mini-cog tool: used to assess for Dementia
Negative screen is 3-5
Positive screen is 0-2
(not a definitive diagnosis & does not differentiate b/w early and
late stage)
