NURS 334 Pharm Exam 1
Pharmacology - answer study of drugs (chemicals) that alter functions of living organism
Pharmacotherapy - answer also known as drug therapy, is the use of drugs to prevent,
diagnose, or treat signs, symptoms, and diseases
medicine - answer Drugs given for therapeutic purposes
Biotechnology - answer process may involve manipulating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
and ribonucleic acid (RNA) and recombining genes into hybrid molecules that can be
inserted into living organisms (Escherichia coli bacteria are often used), which can be
repeatedly reproduced
how are drugs classified - answer Drugs are classified according to their effects on
particular body systems, their therapeutic uses, and their chemical characteristics.
prototype - answerAn individual drug that represents groups of drugs
generic name for a drug - answer(e.g., amoxicillin) is related to the chemical or official
name and is independent of the manufacturer and often indicates the drug group
brand (trade) name - answerdesignated and patented by the manufacturer
EX acetaminophen > Tylenol
Pharmacoeconomics - answerinvolves the costs of drug therapy, including costs of
purchasing, dispensing (i.e., salaries of pharmacists, pharmacy technicians), storage,
administration (i.e., salaries of nurses, costs of supplies), and laboratory and other tests
used to monitor patient responses, as well as losses due to expiration
Pharmacogenomics - answerhe study of how one's genetic inheritance affects the
body's response to drugs
prescription drugs - answerrequire a written order
OTC drugs - answerMedications that are legally available without a prescription
Schedule I Drug - answerDrugs that have no accepted medical use, have lack of
accepted safety, and have high abuse potentials: heroin and marijuana
Schedule II Drug - answerDrugs that are used medically and have high abuse
potentials: opioid analgesics (e.g., codeine)
, Schedule III Drug - answerDrugs with less potential for abuse than those in Schedules I
and II, but abuse of which may lead to psychological or physical dependence:
androgens and anabolic steroids, some depressants (e.g., ketamine)
Schedule IV Drug - answerDrugs with an accepted medical use in the United States but
with some potential for abuse: benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam), other
sedative-hypnotics)
Schedule V Drug - answerProducts containing moderate amounts of controlled
substances. They may be dispensed by the pharmacist without a physician's
prescription but with some restrictions regarding amount, record keeping, and other
safeguards. Included are cough suppressants
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 - answerregulate the manufacture,
distribution, advertising, and labeling of drugs
The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act - answerregulates the
manufacture and distribution of narcotics, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and
anabolic steroids and requires the pharmaceutical industry to maintain physical security
and strict record keeping for these drugs and substances
Drug Trial Phase 0 - answerdrug testing occurs in animals and small groups of humans
Drug Trial Phase 1 - answerfew doses are given to a certain number of healthy
volunteers to determine safe dosages, routes of administration, absorption, metabolism,
excretion, and toxicity
Drug Trial Phase 2 - answerfew doses are given to a certain number of subjects with
the disease or symptom for which the drug is being studied, and responses are
compared with those of healthy subjects
Drug Trial Phase 3 - answerdrug is given to different populations and different dosages
and by using the drug in combination with other drugs. In double-blind, placebo-
controlled designs, half of the subjects receive the new drug and half receive a placebo,
with neither subjects nor researchers knowing who receives which formulation
placebo - answeran inactive substance similar in appearance to the actual drug
Drug Trial Phase 4 - answerthe FDA allows the drug to be marketed and requires
manufacturers to continue postmarketing monitoring and electronic report submission of
the drug's safety and effectiveness
BLACK BOX WARNINGS (BBWs) - answerThese are about drugs that can cause
serious adverse effects and the warning appears on the label, package insert, and any
marketing literature
Pharmacology - answer study of drugs (chemicals) that alter functions of living organism
Pharmacotherapy - answer also known as drug therapy, is the use of drugs to prevent,
diagnose, or treat signs, symptoms, and diseases
medicine - answer Drugs given for therapeutic purposes
Biotechnology - answer process may involve manipulating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
and ribonucleic acid (RNA) and recombining genes into hybrid molecules that can be
inserted into living organisms (Escherichia coli bacteria are often used), which can be
repeatedly reproduced
how are drugs classified - answer Drugs are classified according to their effects on
particular body systems, their therapeutic uses, and their chemical characteristics.
prototype - answerAn individual drug that represents groups of drugs
generic name for a drug - answer(e.g., amoxicillin) is related to the chemical or official
name and is independent of the manufacturer and often indicates the drug group
brand (trade) name - answerdesignated and patented by the manufacturer
EX acetaminophen > Tylenol
Pharmacoeconomics - answerinvolves the costs of drug therapy, including costs of
purchasing, dispensing (i.e., salaries of pharmacists, pharmacy technicians), storage,
administration (i.e., salaries of nurses, costs of supplies), and laboratory and other tests
used to monitor patient responses, as well as losses due to expiration
Pharmacogenomics - answerhe study of how one's genetic inheritance affects the
body's response to drugs
prescription drugs - answerrequire a written order
OTC drugs - answerMedications that are legally available without a prescription
Schedule I Drug - answerDrugs that have no accepted medical use, have lack of
accepted safety, and have high abuse potentials: heroin and marijuana
Schedule II Drug - answerDrugs that are used medically and have high abuse
potentials: opioid analgesics (e.g., codeine)
, Schedule III Drug - answerDrugs with less potential for abuse than those in Schedules I
and II, but abuse of which may lead to psychological or physical dependence:
androgens and anabolic steroids, some depressants (e.g., ketamine)
Schedule IV Drug - answerDrugs with an accepted medical use in the United States but
with some potential for abuse: benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam), other
sedative-hypnotics)
Schedule V Drug - answerProducts containing moderate amounts of controlled
substances. They may be dispensed by the pharmacist without a physician's
prescription but with some restrictions regarding amount, record keeping, and other
safeguards. Included are cough suppressants
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 - answerregulate the manufacture,
distribution, advertising, and labeling of drugs
The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act - answerregulates the
manufacture and distribution of narcotics, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and
anabolic steroids and requires the pharmaceutical industry to maintain physical security
and strict record keeping for these drugs and substances
Drug Trial Phase 0 - answerdrug testing occurs in animals and small groups of humans
Drug Trial Phase 1 - answerfew doses are given to a certain number of healthy
volunteers to determine safe dosages, routes of administration, absorption, metabolism,
excretion, and toxicity
Drug Trial Phase 2 - answerfew doses are given to a certain number of subjects with
the disease or symptom for which the drug is being studied, and responses are
compared with those of healthy subjects
Drug Trial Phase 3 - answerdrug is given to different populations and different dosages
and by using the drug in combination with other drugs. In double-blind, placebo-
controlled designs, half of the subjects receive the new drug and half receive a placebo,
with neither subjects nor researchers knowing who receives which formulation
placebo - answeran inactive substance similar in appearance to the actual drug
Drug Trial Phase 4 - answerthe FDA allows the drug to be marketed and requires
manufacturers to continue postmarketing monitoring and electronic report submission of
the drug's safety and effectiveness
BLACK BOX WARNINGS (BBWs) - answerThese are about drugs that can cause
serious adverse effects and the warning appears on the label, package insert, and any
marketing literature
