HESI Med Surg 1 Exam Newest 2026 Questions
and Correct Detailed Answers Already Graded A+
After attending a class on reducing cancer risk factors, a client selects bran
flakes with 2% milk and orange slices from a breakfast menu. In evaluating
the client's learning, the nurse affirms that the client has made good choices
and makes what additional recommendation?
A.
Switch to skim milk.
B.
Switch to orange juice.
C.
Add a source of protein.
D.
Add herbal tea. - CORRECT ANSWER-A.
Switch to skim milk.
Rationale:
Dietary recommendations to reduce cancer risk include reduced consumption of
fats, with increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fiber. (A) promotes
reduced fat consumption. Orange slices provide more fiber than orange juice (B,
C, and D) are not standard recommendations for reducing cancer risk.
,A nurse is assisting an 82-year-old client with ambulation and is concerned that
the client may fall. Which area contains the older person's center of gravity?
A.
Head and neck
B.
Upper torso
C.
Bilateral arms
D.
Feet and legs - CORRECT ANSWER-B.
Upper torso
Rationale:
Stooped posture results in the upper torso (B) becoming the center of gravity for
older persons. The center of gravity for adults is the hips. However, as a person
grows older, a stooped posture is common because of changes caused by
osteoporosis and normal bone degeneration. Furthermore, the knees, hips, and
elbows flex. The head and neck (A) and feet and legs (D) are not the center of
gravity in the older adult. Although the arms (C) comprise a part of the upper
torso, they do not reflect the best and most complete answer.
,The nurse observes ventricular fibrillation on telemetry and, on entering the
client's bathroom, finds the client unconscious on the floor. Which intervention
should the nurse implement first?
A.
Administer an antidysrhythmic medication.
B.
Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
C.
Defibrillate the client at 200 J.
D.
Assess the client's pulse oximetry. - CORRECT ANSWER-B.
Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Rationale:
Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening dysrhythmia, and CPR should be
started immediately (B). (A and C) are appropriate, but CPR is the priority action.
The client is dying, and (D) does not address the seriousness of this situation.
, The nurse assesses a client who has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for
cardiac disease. Which electrocardiographic change would be a concern for a
client taking a diuretic?
A.
Tall, spiked T waves
B.
A prolonged QT interval
C.
A widening QRS complex
D.
Presence of a U wave - CORRECT ANSWER-D.
Presence of a U wave
Rationale:
A U wave (D) is a positive deflection following the T wave and is often present
with hypokalemia (low potassium level). (A, B, and C) are all signs of
hyperkalemia.
A 43-year-old homeless, malnourished female client with a history of alcoholism is
transferred to the ICU. She is placed on telemetry, and the rhythm strip shown is
obtained. The nurse palpates a heart rate of 160 beats/min, and the client's blood
and Correct Detailed Answers Already Graded A+
After attending a class on reducing cancer risk factors, a client selects bran
flakes with 2% milk and orange slices from a breakfast menu. In evaluating
the client's learning, the nurse affirms that the client has made good choices
and makes what additional recommendation?
A.
Switch to skim milk.
B.
Switch to orange juice.
C.
Add a source of protein.
D.
Add herbal tea. - CORRECT ANSWER-A.
Switch to skim milk.
Rationale:
Dietary recommendations to reduce cancer risk include reduced consumption of
fats, with increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fiber. (A) promotes
reduced fat consumption. Orange slices provide more fiber than orange juice (B,
C, and D) are not standard recommendations for reducing cancer risk.
,A nurse is assisting an 82-year-old client with ambulation and is concerned that
the client may fall. Which area contains the older person's center of gravity?
A.
Head and neck
B.
Upper torso
C.
Bilateral arms
D.
Feet and legs - CORRECT ANSWER-B.
Upper torso
Rationale:
Stooped posture results in the upper torso (B) becoming the center of gravity for
older persons. The center of gravity for adults is the hips. However, as a person
grows older, a stooped posture is common because of changes caused by
osteoporosis and normal bone degeneration. Furthermore, the knees, hips, and
elbows flex. The head and neck (A) and feet and legs (D) are not the center of
gravity in the older adult. Although the arms (C) comprise a part of the upper
torso, they do not reflect the best and most complete answer.
,The nurse observes ventricular fibrillation on telemetry and, on entering the
client's bathroom, finds the client unconscious on the floor. Which intervention
should the nurse implement first?
A.
Administer an antidysrhythmic medication.
B.
Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
C.
Defibrillate the client at 200 J.
D.
Assess the client's pulse oximetry. - CORRECT ANSWER-B.
Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Rationale:
Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening dysrhythmia, and CPR should be
started immediately (B). (A and C) are appropriate, but CPR is the priority action.
The client is dying, and (D) does not address the seriousness of this situation.
, The nurse assesses a client who has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for
cardiac disease. Which electrocardiographic change would be a concern for a
client taking a diuretic?
A.
Tall, spiked T waves
B.
A prolonged QT interval
C.
A widening QRS complex
D.
Presence of a U wave - CORRECT ANSWER-D.
Presence of a U wave
Rationale:
A U wave (D) is a positive deflection following the T wave and is often present
with hypokalemia (low potassium level). (A, B, and C) are all signs of
hyperkalemia.
A 43-year-old homeless, malnourished female client with a history of alcoholism is
transferred to the ICU. She is placed on telemetry, and the rhythm strip shown is
obtained. The nurse palpates a heart rate of 160 beats/min, and the client's blood
