Nurs 250 Final Exam Questions and Answers
Health perception-health management pattern ✔✔Client perceived health and well-being; How
health is managed (Examples: Medication regimen, regular exercise, annual check up)
Nutritional-metabolic pattern ✔✔Food and fluid intake relative to metabolic need; Nurses
observation is important: intake & output record; Education on diet, calories, energy,
expenditure; Pattern varies across lifespan (Examples: Condition of skin, teeth, hair, nails
mucous membranes, height, and weight)
Elimination pattern ✔✔Excretory function of bowel, bladder, skin; Nurses observation: feces,
urine, sweat; Key to body physiologic functions (Ex: Frequency of bowel movements, voiding
pattern, pain with urination, appearance of urine and stool)
Activity and exercise pattern ✔✔physical activity and exercise, leisure, recreation; Nurses help
with ADL (Ex: exercise, hobbies, cardiovascular and respiratory status, mobility, ADL's)
Sleep and rest pattern ✔✔Sleep, rest, and relaxation; Nurses observation: problems in this area
spill into other areas (Examples: Quality and quantity of sleep and energy, sleep aids, routines)
Cognitive and perceptual pattern ✔✔Cognitive, sensory-perceptual, memory; Most affected by
sleep deficits; Nurse can help with assistive devices as memory aids (Examples: Vision,
hearing, taste, touch, smell, pain perception and management, language, memory, decision
making)
Self-perception and self-concept pattern ✔✔Perceptions of self and self-concept; Nurse helps
with body comfort, body image, feelings and emotional state (Examples: Listed above +
perception of abilities, body posture, eye contact, voice tone)
Role and relationship pattern ✔✔Role engagements and relationships with others; Nurses
assist clients functioning in different roles of life, as mother, father, etc., help with relationship
problems (Examples: Satisfaction with family, work, social relationships)
,Sexuality and reproductive pattern ✔✔Sexuality and gender identity; Sexual needs and
performance; Nurses assist clients with satisfaction and dissatisfaction with gender issues,
sexuality, and reproduction (Examples: Number history of pregnancies and childbirth, problems
with sexual functioning, sexual satisfaction)
Coping and stress tolerance pattern ✔✔Management of stresses of daily life as well as
extraordinary stresses that come with illness and disability; Nurses assess clients general
coping pattern and effectiveness in stress tolerance (Examples: Handling stress, support
systems, ability to control or manage situations)
Value and belief pattern ✔✔Clients sense of values, what he/she believes in, religion; Nurse
assesses values, beliefs (including spiritual) or goals that guide choices or decisions (Examples:
Religious affiliation, important things in life, value-belief conflicts related to health)
Roles of a Nurse Manager ✔✔Plan - identify and develop
Organize - use resources to meet objectives
Direct - lead others toward goals; finances
Control - continuous evaluation
5 rights of delegation ✔✔1. Right task
2. Right circumstance
3. Right person
4. Right direction/communication
5. Right supervision/evaluation
(Should NEVER delegate roles such as nursing assessment, plan progress, diagnosis, patient
teaching, etc)
Reflecting ✔✔repeating what patient said, to ensure active listening
, silence ✔✔slows down, helps to watch, collects thoughts
Clarifying ✔✔asking to explain again - not sure of meaning
Therapeutic Communication Techniques ✔✔Reflecting, silence, broad openings, focusing,
shared perceptions, general leads, acknowledgment/validation, clarifying, active listening, touch,
humor, empathy, warm, develop relationship, show confidence, summarizing, identifying
problem and discussing feelings drive and motivation.
Blocks/barriers to communication ✔✔Clichés, why questions intimidate, judgement, opinions,
change subject, false reassurance, aggressiveness, stereotyping, testing, rejecting, giving
unwanted advice (agreeing and disagreeing both can shut your patient down, you want them to
elaborate)
open-ended questions ✔✔allows patients to express themselves and use their own words to
describe what is going on
closed-ended questions ✔✔Yes or no questions; limits patients' expressions, doesn't allow for
the expression of feelings and other concerns, makes the patient address small things with one
or two words, doesn't keep the conversation flowing
SBAR ✔✔Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation
(used when communicating with personnel in HC)
Culture shock ✔✔personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life/ different
culture
Health perception-health management pattern ✔✔Client perceived health and well-being; How
health is managed (Examples: Medication regimen, regular exercise, annual check up)
Nutritional-metabolic pattern ✔✔Food and fluid intake relative to metabolic need; Nurses
observation is important: intake & output record; Education on diet, calories, energy,
expenditure; Pattern varies across lifespan (Examples: Condition of skin, teeth, hair, nails
mucous membranes, height, and weight)
Elimination pattern ✔✔Excretory function of bowel, bladder, skin; Nurses observation: feces,
urine, sweat; Key to body physiologic functions (Ex: Frequency of bowel movements, voiding
pattern, pain with urination, appearance of urine and stool)
Activity and exercise pattern ✔✔physical activity and exercise, leisure, recreation; Nurses help
with ADL (Ex: exercise, hobbies, cardiovascular and respiratory status, mobility, ADL's)
Sleep and rest pattern ✔✔Sleep, rest, and relaxation; Nurses observation: problems in this area
spill into other areas (Examples: Quality and quantity of sleep and energy, sleep aids, routines)
Cognitive and perceptual pattern ✔✔Cognitive, sensory-perceptual, memory; Most affected by
sleep deficits; Nurse can help with assistive devices as memory aids (Examples: Vision,
hearing, taste, touch, smell, pain perception and management, language, memory, decision
making)
Self-perception and self-concept pattern ✔✔Perceptions of self and self-concept; Nurse helps
with body comfort, body image, feelings and emotional state (Examples: Listed above +
perception of abilities, body posture, eye contact, voice tone)
Role and relationship pattern ✔✔Role engagements and relationships with others; Nurses
assist clients functioning in different roles of life, as mother, father, etc., help with relationship
problems (Examples: Satisfaction with family, work, social relationships)
,Sexuality and reproductive pattern ✔✔Sexuality and gender identity; Sexual needs and
performance; Nurses assist clients with satisfaction and dissatisfaction with gender issues,
sexuality, and reproduction (Examples: Number history of pregnancies and childbirth, problems
with sexual functioning, sexual satisfaction)
Coping and stress tolerance pattern ✔✔Management of stresses of daily life as well as
extraordinary stresses that come with illness and disability; Nurses assess clients general
coping pattern and effectiveness in stress tolerance (Examples: Handling stress, support
systems, ability to control or manage situations)
Value and belief pattern ✔✔Clients sense of values, what he/she believes in, religion; Nurse
assesses values, beliefs (including spiritual) or goals that guide choices or decisions (Examples:
Religious affiliation, important things in life, value-belief conflicts related to health)
Roles of a Nurse Manager ✔✔Plan - identify and develop
Organize - use resources to meet objectives
Direct - lead others toward goals; finances
Control - continuous evaluation
5 rights of delegation ✔✔1. Right task
2. Right circumstance
3. Right person
4. Right direction/communication
5. Right supervision/evaluation
(Should NEVER delegate roles such as nursing assessment, plan progress, diagnosis, patient
teaching, etc)
Reflecting ✔✔repeating what patient said, to ensure active listening
, silence ✔✔slows down, helps to watch, collects thoughts
Clarifying ✔✔asking to explain again - not sure of meaning
Therapeutic Communication Techniques ✔✔Reflecting, silence, broad openings, focusing,
shared perceptions, general leads, acknowledgment/validation, clarifying, active listening, touch,
humor, empathy, warm, develop relationship, show confidence, summarizing, identifying
problem and discussing feelings drive and motivation.
Blocks/barriers to communication ✔✔Clichés, why questions intimidate, judgement, opinions,
change subject, false reassurance, aggressiveness, stereotyping, testing, rejecting, giving
unwanted advice (agreeing and disagreeing both can shut your patient down, you want them to
elaborate)
open-ended questions ✔✔allows patients to express themselves and use their own words to
describe what is going on
closed-ended questions ✔✔Yes or no questions; limits patients' expressions, doesn't allow for
the expression of feelings and other concerns, makes the patient address small things with one
or two words, doesn't keep the conversation flowing
SBAR ✔✔Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation
(used when communicating with personnel in HC)
Culture shock ✔✔personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life/ different
culture
