OB/GYN Midterm Exam questions and
answers Graded A+
What are the components of the innominate bones?
The fused ilium, ischium, and pubis.
Bony Plevis
What is the iliopectineal?
A bony ridge of the inner surface of the ilium and pubic bones, which divides the
true and false pelvis.
What forms the posterolateral wall of the pelvic cavity?
Piriformis and coccygeus muscles.
What forms the anterolateral wall of the pelvic cavity?
The hip bones and the obturator internus muscles (rim of ischium and pubis
bone).
What forms the lower margin of the pelvic cavity?
The levator ani and coccygeus muscles.
What are the ovarian ligaments?
Cardinal, uterosacral, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments.
What is the function of the cardinal ligament?
Extends across the pelvic floor laterally and firmly supports the cervix.
What is the function of the uterosacral ligament?
Extends from the uterine isthmus downward, along the side of the rectum to the
sacrum, firmly supporting the cervix.
When is the bladder considered full?
When the apex of the bladder extends over the fundus of the uterus.
What are the parts of the uterus?
,Fundus, body, and cervix.
What are the layers of the uterus?
Perimetrium (serosa), myometrium, and endometrium.
What is the perimetrium?
The serous outer layer of the uterus.
What is the myometrium?
The muscular middle layer of the uterus composed of thick, smooth muscle
(thickest layer).
What is the endometrium?
The inner mucosal layer (glandular portion of the uterine body).
What is anteversion?
The most common position of the uterus.
uterine position
Anteversion
retroflexion
retroversion
anteflexion
retroversion w/ retroflexion
What is the exocervix?
The part of the cervix that is continuous with the vagina.
What is the endocervix?
The inner canal of the cervix that secretes mucus.
What are the layers of the endometrium?
Superficial functional layer (zona functionalis) and deep basal layer (zona basalis).
What is the superficial functional layer (zona functionalis)?
, Made up of glands and stroma that sheds during menses.
What is the deep basal layer (zona basalis)?
A thin layer of endometrial glands that regenerate new endometrium after
menses.
What are the parts of the fallopian tubes?
Infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial portion.
Where is the most common place for ectopic pregnancy?
The ampulla of the fallopian tubes.
Where is the most risky place for ectopic pregnancy?
The interstitial portion of the fallopian tubes.
What are the two known hormones of the ovaries?
Estrogen and progesterone.
What secretes estrogen?
Follicles in the ovaries.
What secretes progesterone?
The corpus luteum.
What are arcuate arteries?
Arc-like arteries that encircle the uterus in the outer third of the myometrium.
What are radial arteries?
Branches of arcuate arteries.
How do the ovarian veins drain?
The right vein drains into the IVC directly, while the left drains into the left renal
vein.
What is premenarche?
The period before puberty.
answers Graded A+
What are the components of the innominate bones?
The fused ilium, ischium, and pubis.
Bony Plevis
What is the iliopectineal?
A bony ridge of the inner surface of the ilium and pubic bones, which divides the
true and false pelvis.
What forms the posterolateral wall of the pelvic cavity?
Piriformis and coccygeus muscles.
What forms the anterolateral wall of the pelvic cavity?
The hip bones and the obturator internus muscles (rim of ischium and pubis
bone).
What forms the lower margin of the pelvic cavity?
The levator ani and coccygeus muscles.
What are the ovarian ligaments?
Cardinal, uterosacral, suspensory, and ovarian ligaments.
What is the function of the cardinal ligament?
Extends across the pelvic floor laterally and firmly supports the cervix.
What is the function of the uterosacral ligament?
Extends from the uterine isthmus downward, along the side of the rectum to the
sacrum, firmly supporting the cervix.
When is the bladder considered full?
When the apex of the bladder extends over the fundus of the uterus.
What are the parts of the uterus?
,Fundus, body, and cervix.
What are the layers of the uterus?
Perimetrium (serosa), myometrium, and endometrium.
What is the perimetrium?
The serous outer layer of the uterus.
What is the myometrium?
The muscular middle layer of the uterus composed of thick, smooth muscle
(thickest layer).
What is the endometrium?
The inner mucosal layer (glandular portion of the uterine body).
What is anteversion?
The most common position of the uterus.
uterine position
Anteversion
retroflexion
retroversion
anteflexion
retroversion w/ retroflexion
What is the exocervix?
The part of the cervix that is continuous with the vagina.
What is the endocervix?
The inner canal of the cervix that secretes mucus.
What are the layers of the endometrium?
Superficial functional layer (zona functionalis) and deep basal layer (zona basalis).
What is the superficial functional layer (zona functionalis)?
, Made up of glands and stroma that sheds during menses.
What is the deep basal layer (zona basalis)?
A thin layer of endometrial glands that regenerate new endometrium after
menses.
What are the parts of the fallopian tubes?
Infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial portion.
Where is the most common place for ectopic pregnancy?
The ampulla of the fallopian tubes.
Where is the most risky place for ectopic pregnancy?
The interstitial portion of the fallopian tubes.
What are the two known hormones of the ovaries?
Estrogen and progesterone.
What secretes estrogen?
Follicles in the ovaries.
What secretes progesterone?
The corpus luteum.
What are arcuate arteries?
Arc-like arteries that encircle the uterus in the outer third of the myometrium.
What are radial arteries?
Branches of arcuate arteries.
How do the ovarian veins drain?
The right vein drains into the IVC directly, while the left drains into the left renal
vein.
What is premenarche?
The period before puberty.
