BIOLOGY 212 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is physiology? - answers - study of body functions. Physiology focuses on the
underlying mechanisms of the body processes
What is anatomy? - answers - study of structure
Why are the studies of physiology and anatomy interrelated - answers - the functions
depend on structure
Arrange the levels of organization in the body - answers - atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms
What is the smallest building blocks of matter? - answers - atoms
What are atoms composed of? Include what type of charge it carries - answers - atoms
are composed of subatomic particles
Protons +
Neutrons no charge
Electrons -
What are the four most common atoms or elements which make up 96% of the body
chemistry - answers - oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen (chon)
What are the remaining 4% of the body chemistry known as - answers - trace elements
What forms when atoms of element are linked together - answers - molecules
What are the 3 types of chemical bonds that form into molecules - answers - hydrogen,
ionic, covalent
Identify what type of chemical bond forms each molecule - answers -
What chemical bond will not dissociate (separate) in a solution - answers - covalent,
non polar, polar
,What chemical bond will dissociate in a solution - answers - ionic
Which of the molecules are polymers?
Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids - answers - proteins
Carbs
Nucleic acids
How many type of cells make up the human body - answers - 200
What are tissues made of - answers - cells of similar structure and specialized function
What type of tissue consists of cells specialized for contracting, which generates tension
and produces movement - answers - muscle tissue
What type of tissue consists of cells specialized for initiating and transmitting electrical
impulses - answers - nervous
What type of tissue consists of cells that are organized into epithelial sheets of secretory
glands - answers - epithelial
What type of tissue connects, supports, and anchors various body parts - answers -
connective
What type of muscle tissue movements the skeleton - answers - skeletal
What type of muscle tissue controls the movement of contents through hollow tubes and
organs - answers - smooth
Which of the following is a hollow tube
Brain, kidney, blood vessel, blood - answers - blood vessel
What type of muscle tissue pumps blood from the heart - answers - cardiac
What type of muscle tissue have the slowest frequency of muscle concentration -
answers - smooth
What type of muscle tissue have the fastest frequency of muscle concentration -
answers - skeletal
What are the 4 ions involved in transmitting electrical impulses - answers - na+, k+, cl-,
ca2+
What are glands derived from - answers - epithelial tissue
What glands secrete hormones into the blood - answers - endocrine glands
, What type of glands are sweat glands - answers - exocrine glands
What type of tissue is blood - answers - connective
How many body systems make up the whole body of the human organism - answers -
11
Define homeostasis - answers - a dynamic, relatively stable state in the internal
environment within a narrow limit despite interaction between the outside world
(extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, social environment/psychological stress)
What are the 2 different fluid compartments and know where each is found relative to a
cell - answers - intracellular fluid (icf) - fluid inside the cell
Extracellular fluid (ecf) - fluid outside the cell
Body's internal environment, plasma, interstitial fluid
Where is the internal environment - answers - ecf
What is the % of the total body water relative to the weight - answers - 60%
Know the ratio of each fluid compartment relative to the tbw - answers - ecf = 1/3
(plasma 20%, interstitial fluid 80%)
Icf = 2/3
Which of the following is an intracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, cytoplasm, cytosol, rbc - answers - cytosol
Which of the following is an extracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, cytoplasm, cytosol, rbc - answers - plasma, interstitial
fluid
Which of the following is the internal environment
Blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, cytoplasm, cytosol, rbc, intracellular fluid, extracellular
fluid - answers - plasma, interstitial fluid, extracellular fluid
Which of the following is an intracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, cytoplasm, nucleus, cytosol, cerebrospinal fluid - answers - cytosol
Where do you find plasma?
Blood, within the blood vessel, surrounds the rbc, wbc, and platelets - answers - blod
Within the blood vessel
Surrounds the rbc, wbc, platelets
Which of the following is an extracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, cytosol - answers - plasma
Interstitial fluid
What is physiology? - answers - study of body functions. Physiology focuses on the
underlying mechanisms of the body processes
What is anatomy? - answers - study of structure
Why are the studies of physiology and anatomy interrelated - answers - the functions
depend on structure
Arrange the levels of organization in the body - answers - atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Organisms
What is the smallest building blocks of matter? - answers - atoms
What are atoms composed of? Include what type of charge it carries - answers - atoms
are composed of subatomic particles
Protons +
Neutrons no charge
Electrons -
What are the four most common atoms or elements which make up 96% of the body
chemistry - answers - oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen (chon)
What are the remaining 4% of the body chemistry known as - answers - trace elements
What forms when atoms of element are linked together - answers - molecules
What are the 3 types of chemical bonds that form into molecules - answers - hydrogen,
ionic, covalent
Identify what type of chemical bond forms each molecule - answers -
What chemical bond will not dissociate (separate) in a solution - answers - covalent,
non polar, polar
,What chemical bond will dissociate in a solution - answers - ionic
Which of the molecules are polymers?
Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids - answers - proteins
Carbs
Nucleic acids
How many type of cells make up the human body - answers - 200
What are tissues made of - answers - cells of similar structure and specialized function
What type of tissue consists of cells specialized for contracting, which generates tension
and produces movement - answers - muscle tissue
What type of tissue consists of cells specialized for initiating and transmitting electrical
impulses - answers - nervous
What type of tissue consists of cells that are organized into epithelial sheets of secretory
glands - answers - epithelial
What type of tissue connects, supports, and anchors various body parts - answers -
connective
What type of muscle tissue movements the skeleton - answers - skeletal
What type of muscle tissue controls the movement of contents through hollow tubes and
organs - answers - smooth
Which of the following is a hollow tube
Brain, kidney, blood vessel, blood - answers - blood vessel
What type of muscle tissue pumps blood from the heart - answers - cardiac
What type of muscle tissue have the slowest frequency of muscle concentration -
answers - smooth
What type of muscle tissue have the fastest frequency of muscle concentration -
answers - skeletal
What are the 4 ions involved in transmitting electrical impulses - answers - na+, k+, cl-,
ca2+
What are glands derived from - answers - epithelial tissue
What glands secrete hormones into the blood - answers - endocrine glands
, What type of glands are sweat glands - answers - exocrine glands
What type of tissue is blood - answers - connective
How many body systems make up the whole body of the human organism - answers -
11
Define homeostasis - answers - a dynamic, relatively stable state in the internal
environment within a narrow limit despite interaction between the outside world
(extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, social environment/psychological stress)
What are the 2 different fluid compartments and know where each is found relative to a
cell - answers - intracellular fluid (icf) - fluid inside the cell
Extracellular fluid (ecf) - fluid outside the cell
Body's internal environment, plasma, interstitial fluid
Where is the internal environment - answers - ecf
What is the % of the total body water relative to the weight - answers - 60%
Know the ratio of each fluid compartment relative to the tbw - answers - ecf = 1/3
(plasma 20%, interstitial fluid 80%)
Icf = 2/3
Which of the following is an intracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, cytoplasm, cytosol, rbc - answers - cytosol
Which of the following is an extracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, cytoplasm, cytosol, rbc - answers - plasma, interstitial
fluid
Which of the following is the internal environment
Blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, cytoplasm, cytosol, rbc, intracellular fluid, extracellular
fluid - answers - plasma, interstitial fluid, extracellular fluid
Which of the following is an intracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, cytoplasm, nucleus, cytosol, cerebrospinal fluid - answers - cytosol
Where do you find plasma?
Blood, within the blood vessel, surrounds the rbc, wbc, and platelets - answers - blod
Within the blood vessel
Surrounds the rbc, wbc, platelets
Which of the following is an extracellular fluid
Blood, plasma, intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, cytosol - answers - plasma
Interstitial fluid
