IOWA STATE BIO 212 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
RNA polymerase are responsible for what? - Answers - synthesizing mRNA
What is the difference between dNTP and NTP? - Answers - NTP has a -OH group on
the 2' carbon
What is the first thing NTP does? - Answers - it attaches to a matching base on the DNA
template
What is the second thing NTP does? - Answers - It cuts off 2 phosphates and catalyzes
mRNA formation
What does the coding strand in DNA match (w/ the exception of uracil) - Answers -
RNA!
T or F does RNA polymerase needs a primer for transcription - Answers - False
RNA polymerase synthesizes in what direction? - Answers - 5' to 3'
Sigma does what? - Answers - binds to RNA polymerase to strart transcription
holoenzyme is what? - Answers - Sigma + RNA polymerase
Promoters - Answers - sites where sigma binds - promotes transcription
Proteins are built from what? - Answers - DNA
Central Dogma - Answers - DNA (transcription) mRNA (translation) Protein
What contacts DNA first? - Answers - Sigma not RNA polymerase
NTP is the building blocks of what? - Answers - RNA!
NTP starts what? - Answers - RNA polymerization
What does termination do? - Answers - ends Transcription
How does termination end transcription - Answers - RNA folds on itself (secondary
structure) and physically separates itself or a stop codon
You can do It!!!!!!!!!! - Answers - Keep it up!!!!
TATA box - Answers - It is a Eukaryotic promoter sequence
, "upstream" refers to - Answers - stuff before it goes through RNA polymerase
"Down stream" refers to - Answers - stuff after it has been through RNA polymerase
Basal transcription factors - Answers - The sigma of eukaryotes
Poly(A) Signal - Answers - Signals the end of transcription (eukaryotes)
Exons - Answers - The non gibberish of RNA that is expressed
splicing of exons and introns occur where? - Answers - nucleus
snRNP do what? - Answers - Catalyze splicing
translation happens where in the cell? - Answers - outside the nucleus
tRNA does what - Answers - transfers amino acids to a polypeptide
anticodon - Answers - A set of three ribonucleotides that pairs with an mRNA codon
Translation starts with... - Answers - a ribosome (subunit)
when G is less that zero it is...? - Answers - Spontaneous or exergonic
LEO means - Answers - Losing electrons is exidation
GER means - Answers - Gaining electrons is reduction
What does FAD like to do? - Answers - Pick up 2 highly charged electrons and 2
protons (FADH2)
FAD is also called what? - Answers - an electron carrier
What are two electron carriers? - Answers - NADH2 and NADH
NAD+ pickes up (reduces) 2 electrons and becomes...? - Answers - NADH
How is ADP formed? - Answers - In the hydrolysis reaction, ATP reacts with water, and
ATP's outermost phosphate breaks
(ATP without its outer phosphate)
phosphorolation - Answers - it is the addition of a phsphate to a substrate
what are 2 ways atp can be formed? - Answers - fermentation or cellular respiration
ANSWERS
RNA polymerase are responsible for what? - Answers - synthesizing mRNA
What is the difference between dNTP and NTP? - Answers - NTP has a -OH group on
the 2' carbon
What is the first thing NTP does? - Answers - it attaches to a matching base on the DNA
template
What is the second thing NTP does? - Answers - It cuts off 2 phosphates and catalyzes
mRNA formation
What does the coding strand in DNA match (w/ the exception of uracil) - Answers -
RNA!
T or F does RNA polymerase needs a primer for transcription - Answers - False
RNA polymerase synthesizes in what direction? - Answers - 5' to 3'
Sigma does what? - Answers - binds to RNA polymerase to strart transcription
holoenzyme is what? - Answers - Sigma + RNA polymerase
Promoters - Answers - sites where sigma binds - promotes transcription
Proteins are built from what? - Answers - DNA
Central Dogma - Answers - DNA (transcription) mRNA (translation) Protein
What contacts DNA first? - Answers - Sigma not RNA polymerase
NTP is the building blocks of what? - Answers - RNA!
NTP starts what? - Answers - RNA polymerization
What does termination do? - Answers - ends Transcription
How does termination end transcription - Answers - RNA folds on itself (secondary
structure) and physically separates itself or a stop codon
You can do It!!!!!!!!!! - Answers - Keep it up!!!!
TATA box - Answers - It is a Eukaryotic promoter sequence
, "upstream" refers to - Answers - stuff before it goes through RNA polymerase
"Down stream" refers to - Answers - stuff after it has been through RNA polymerase
Basal transcription factors - Answers - The sigma of eukaryotes
Poly(A) Signal - Answers - Signals the end of transcription (eukaryotes)
Exons - Answers - The non gibberish of RNA that is expressed
splicing of exons and introns occur where? - Answers - nucleus
snRNP do what? - Answers - Catalyze splicing
translation happens where in the cell? - Answers - outside the nucleus
tRNA does what - Answers - transfers amino acids to a polypeptide
anticodon - Answers - A set of three ribonucleotides that pairs with an mRNA codon
Translation starts with... - Answers - a ribosome (subunit)
when G is less that zero it is...? - Answers - Spontaneous or exergonic
LEO means - Answers - Losing electrons is exidation
GER means - Answers - Gaining electrons is reduction
What does FAD like to do? - Answers - Pick up 2 highly charged electrons and 2
protons (FADH2)
FAD is also called what? - Answers - an electron carrier
What are two electron carriers? - Answers - NADH2 and NADH
NAD+ pickes up (reduces) 2 electrons and becomes...? - Answers - NADH
How is ADP formed? - Answers - In the hydrolysis reaction, ATP reacts with water, and
ATP's outermost phosphate breaks
(ATP without its outer phosphate)
phosphorolation - Answers - it is the addition of a phsphate to a substrate
what are 2 ways atp can be formed? - Answers - fermentation or cellular respiration
