Safety Inspection of In-Service Bridges – Chapter 11 Study Guide and Key
Concepts
Elements of a Channel (List): - correct answer ✔✔ Channel
Streambed
Embankments
Stream Flow
Freeboard
Floodplain
Hydraulic Opening
Hydraulic Control Structures
Channel (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The well-defined depression, which contains and
guides stream flow during normal flow conditions
Streambed (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The bottom or floor of the Channel
Streamflow (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The water, suspended particles, chemicals, and
any debris moving through the channel
Streamflow - correct answer ✔✔ ________ is the water, suspended particles, chemicals, and
any debris moving through the channel.
Hydraulic Opening (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The ________ is the entire area beneath
the bridge, which is available to pass flood flows.
Floodplain (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The ________ is the overbank area outside the
channel that carries flood flows in excess of channel capacity.
, Streambed (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The "thalweg" elevation defines the lowest
elevation of the ________.
Freeboard (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ ________ is the term used to describe the distance
from the bottom of the superstructure to the top of the water surface.
Riprap (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Properly sized and graded rock that is either natural or
manmade, placed adjacent to abutments, piers, or along embankments.
Guidebanks (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Extensions of the approach embankment,
constructed so as to redirect flood flows smoothly through the bridge waterway eliminating the
threat of scour at the abutments.
Spurs (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Devices designed to protect the embankment and
rediredct stream flow.
Gabions (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Rectangular rock-filled wire mesh baskets anchored
together and generally anchored to the surface they are designed to protect.
Slope Stabilization (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The placement of geotextiles, wire mesh,
or plantings on the existing channel embankments.
Channel Linings (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Formed of placed layers of concrete material
on the channel embankments.
Footing Aprons (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Consists of protective layers of material
surrounding the footing of a substructure unit.
Concepts
Elements of a Channel (List): - correct answer ✔✔ Channel
Streambed
Embankments
Stream Flow
Freeboard
Floodplain
Hydraulic Opening
Hydraulic Control Structures
Channel (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The well-defined depression, which contains and
guides stream flow during normal flow conditions
Streambed (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The bottom or floor of the Channel
Streamflow (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The water, suspended particles, chemicals, and
any debris moving through the channel
Streamflow - correct answer ✔✔ ________ is the water, suspended particles, chemicals, and
any debris moving through the channel.
Hydraulic Opening (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The ________ is the entire area beneath
the bridge, which is available to pass flood flows.
Floodplain (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The ________ is the overbank area outside the
channel that carries flood flows in excess of channel capacity.
, Streambed (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The "thalweg" elevation defines the lowest
elevation of the ________.
Freeboard (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ ________ is the term used to describe the distance
from the bottom of the superstructure to the top of the water surface.
Riprap (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Properly sized and graded rock that is either natural or
manmade, placed adjacent to abutments, piers, or along embankments.
Guidebanks (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Extensions of the approach embankment,
constructed so as to redirect flood flows smoothly through the bridge waterway eliminating the
threat of scour at the abutments.
Spurs (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Devices designed to protect the embankment and
rediredct stream flow.
Gabions (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Rectangular rock-filled wire mesh baskets anchored
together and generally anchored to the surface they are designed to protect.
Slope Stabilization (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ The placement of geotextiles, wire mesh,
or plantings on the existing channel embankments.
Channel Linings (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Formed of placed layers of concrete material
on the channel embankments.
Footing Aprons (definition): - correct answer ✔✔ Consists of protective layers of material
surrounding the footing of a substructure unit.
