BSNC 2000 - FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SOLVED
100% CORRECT.
Why is it important for hospitalized pt to receive optimal nutrition Answer -
promotes healing
prevents infection
provides energy for mobilization
prevents dehydration -> promotes perfusion
supports the increased energy demand
(malnutrition can extend hospital stays)
Daily Energy Expenditure breakdown Answer - BMR (60%)
physical activity (25%)
thermic effect of food (digestion) (8%)
non-exercise activity thermogenesis (7%)
Which hormone influences BMR? Answer - thyroid hormone
which macromolecule has the highest thermic effect of food? Which is the
lowest? Answer - protein = highest
fat = lowest
Why are older adults more at risk for malnutrition? (potential causes) Answer -
dec appetite/taste
, dec swallowing/saliva, chewing
dec mobility/ability to cook for themselves
atrophy of GI cells (dec acidity)
cognitive changes (dementia)
reduced organ function
meds
Consequences of malnutrition Answer - energy imbalances (effects weight)
nutritional deficiencies
nutritional toxicities
Obesity (def) Answer - complex, progressive and relapsing chronic disease
characterized by excessive body fat that impairs health
(fat =/= unhealthy)
How is appetite regulated? Answer - hypothalamus = hunger and satiety
centres
sensory neurons
hormones
microbiome
response: altered appetite and energy expenditure
Hunger centre in the brain Answer - lateral hypothalamus
100% CORRECT.
Why is it important for hospitalized pt to receive optimal nutrition Answer -
promotes healing
prevents infection
provides energy for mobilization
prevents dehydration -> promotes perfusion
supports the increased energy demand
(malnutrition can extend hospital stays)
Daily Energy Expenditure breakdown Answer - BMR (60%)
physical activity (25%)
thermic effect of food (digestion) (8%)
non-exercise activity thermogenesis (7%)
Which hormone influences BMR? Answer - thyroid hormone
which macromolecule has the highest thermic effect of food? Which is the
lowest? Answer - protein = highest
fat = lowest
Why are older adults more at risk for malnutrition? (potential causes) Answer -
dec appetite/taste
, dec swallowing/saliva, chewing
dec mobility/ability to cook for themselves
atrophy of GI cells (dec acidity)
cognitive changes (dementia)
reduced organ function
meds
Consequences of malnutrition Answer - energy imbalances (effects weight)
nutritional deficiencies
nutritional toxicities
Obesity (def) Answer - complex, progressive and relapsing chronic disease
characterized by excessive body fat that impairs health
(fat =/= unhealthy)
How is appetite regulated? Answer - hypothalamus = hunger and satiety
centres
sensory neurons
hormones
microbiome
response: altered appetite and energy expenditure
Hunger centre in the brain Answer - lateral hypothalamus
