ASU BIO 182 EXAM 2 Questions with 100% Correct Answers
| Verified | Updated (Actual Exam)
Save
Students also studied
Mastering Biology Chapter 23 ASU BIO 182 Exam 2: Modules 3 & 4... A&P 2 Chapter 28 - UTA 2458 Dr. He... UM
57 terms 56 terms Teacher 64 terms Te
helloimrue Preview Kelsey_Kane1 Preview Csenior341 Preview
Terms in this set (86)
asexual reproduction directing cells to divide and develop into new tissues and organs without a
partner
sexual reproduction -takes more time and energy than asexual reproduction
-genetically diverse offspring
-requires fertilization
-requires haploid gametes
-mating
most plants and animals produce_______ gametes called eggs and sperm
Meiosis nuclear division that forms haploid cells
Meiosis I diploid cells divide to create 2 haploid cells, each with one of the homologous
chromosomes
Meiosis II 2 haploid cells divide to form 4 haploid cells, which develop into eggs or
sperm
Prophase I (Meiosis) -chromosomes condense
-nuclear envelope breaks down
-spindle fibers start to form (microtubules)
-crossing over occurs
Metaphase 1 (Meiosis) Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to metaphase plate
Anaphase I (Meiosis) homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell
Telophase and Cytokensis (Meiosis) -chromosomes gather at poles of the cell
-cytoplasm divides
, Prophase II (Meiosis) -2 cells
-a new spindle forms around the chromosomes
Metaphase II (Meiosis) chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate/equator
Anaphase II (Meiosis) -2 cells
-centromeres divide
-chromatids move to opposite poles of the cells
Telophase II and Cytokinesis (Meiosis) -goes from 2 cells to 4 cells
-nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
-cytoplasm divides
Asexual organisms -New alleles must occur independently
-can't be passed around and mixed with the genetic make up/ different alleles
of other organisms
Sexual organisms -populations can accrue new beneficial alleles in a shorter period of time than
asexual organisms
-organisms in a population can share beneficial alleles
-takes all the best alleles and puts them in a "basket" that selection can favor
sex creates_____ -genetic variation among offspring
-allows populations to adapt to environmental change faster
organisms in more variable environments______ -show a higher propensity (a preference) for sexual reproduction compared to
asexual
-could be due to increase in genetic variation to increase rate of adaptation to
the environment
linked alleles/genes -genes are close together on the same chromosome
-breaks the law of independent assortment
-genes closer to each other on a chromosome are less likely to recombine
during crossover
crossing over enables_____ an organism to recombine alleles on the same chromosome with alleles on a
homologous chromosome
genetic drift -a process through which populations evolve randomly
-by chance, some individuals have more offspring than others
-smaller populations evolve rapidly
Bottleneck effect -loss of genetic diversity following a sudden drop in a population
-can occur in a single generation
genetic drift occurs when_____ a portion of the population dispersed to a new habitat/ becomes separated by
a physical barrier
founder effect -loss of alleles that occur when individuals start a new, smaller population
-increases chances of genetic disorder
| Verified | Updated (Actual Exam)
Save
Students also studied
Mastering Biology Chapter 23 ASU BIO 182 Exam 2: Modules 3 & 4... A&P 2 Chapter 28 - UTA 2458 Dr. He... UM
57 terms 56 terms Teacher 64 terms Te
helloimrue Preview Kelsey_Kane1 Preview Csenior341 Preview
Terms in this set (86)
asexual reproduction directing cells to divide and develop into new tissues and organs without a
partner
sexual reproduction -takes more time and energy than asexual reproduction
-genetically diverse offspring
-requires fertilization
-requires haploid gametes
-mating
most plants and animals produce_______ gametes called eggs and sperm
Meiosis nuclear division that forms haploid cells
Meiosis I diploid cells divide to create 2 haploid cells, each with one of the homologous
chromosomes
Meiosis II 2 haploid cells divide to form 4 haploid cells, which develop into eggs or
sperm
Prophase I (Meiosis) -chromosomes condense
-nuclear envelope breaks down
-spindle fibers start to form (microtubules)
-crossing over occurs
Metaphase 1 (Meiosis) Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to metaphase plate
Anaphase I (Meiosis) homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell
Telophase and Cytokensis (Meiosis) -chromosomes gather at poles of the cell
-cytoplasm divides
, Prophase II (Meiosis) -2 cells
-a new spindle forms around the chromosomes
Metaphase II (Meiosis) chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate/equator
Anaphase II (Meiosis) -2 cells
-centromeres divide
-chromatids move to opposite poles of the cells
Telophase II and Cytokinesis (Meiosis) -goes from 2 cells to 4 cells
-nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
-cytoplasm divides
Asexual organisms -New alleles must occur independently
-can't be passed around and mixed with the genetic make up/ different alleles
of other organisms
Sexual organisms -populations can accrue new beneficial alleles in a shorter period of time than
asexual organisms
-organisms in a population can share beneficial alleles
-takes all the best alleles and puts them in a "basket" that selection can favor
sex creates_____ -genetic variation among offspring
-allows populations to adapt to environmental change faster
organisms in more variable environments______ -show a higher propensity (a preference) for sexual reproduction compared to
asexual
-could be due to increase in genetic variation to increase rate of adaptation to
the environment
linked alleles/genes -genes are close together on the same chromosome
-breaks the law of independent assortment
-genes closer to each other on a chromosome are less likely to recombine
during crossover
crossing over enables_____ an organism to recombine alleles on the same chromosome with alleles on a
homologous chromosome
genetic drift -a process through which populations evolve randomly
-by chance, some individuals have more offspring than others
-smaller populations evolve rapidly
Bottleneck effect -loss of genetic diversity following a sudden drop in a population
-can occur in a single generation
genetic drift occurs when_____ a portion of the population dispersed to a new habitat/ becomes separated by
a physical barrier
founder effect -loss of alleles that occur when individuals start a new, smaller population
-increases chances of genetic disorder
