DEVELOPMENT FINAL SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉Schema. Answer: a framework for organizing information
◉assimilation. Answer: fitting the new information into an existing
schema
◉accommodation. Answer: expanding the framework of knowledge
to accommodate the new situation
◉Object permanence. Answer: understanding that even if something
is out of sight that it still exists.
◉Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development.
Answer: States culture has a major impact on a child's cognitive
development.
Development stems directly from the child.
Believed that social interactions with adults and more learned peers
can facilitate a child's potential for learning.
,◉Zone of Proximal Development. Answer: Children can almost
perform a task but not quite on their own without assistance.
Teacher gradually withdraws support until the child can then
perform the task unaided.
◉Scaffolding. Answer: temporary support that parents or teachers
give a child to do a task
◉Declarative Memory. Answer: explicit memories for facts or events
that are consciously recollected.
◉Non-Declarative Memory. Answer: typically automated skills that
do not require conscious recollection
◉Semantic Memories. Answer: memories for facts and knowledge
that are not tied to a timeline
◉Episodic Memories. Answer: memories tied to specific events in
time
◉Executive Function. Answer: self-regulatory processes that enable
adaptive responses to new situations or to reach a specific goal
,◉Clustering rehearsal. Answer: rehearsing previous material while
adding in additional information
◉Working Memory. Answer: component of memory in which
current conscious mental activity occurs
◉Sensory memory. Answer: first stage of the memory system
Stores sensory input in its raw form for a very brief duration
long enough for brain to register and start processing the
information
◉Temperament. Answer: Innate characteristics of the infant,
including mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity, noticeable
soon after birth
◉Collectivistic Cultural parenting style. Answer: emphasizes
conformity to family and cultural values, greater respect for elders,
and acquisition of knowledge and academic skills more than they do
autonomy and social skills.
e.x. China, iran
◉Individualistic Cultural parenting style. Answer: Encourage
children to think for themselves and assert their own opinion.
Child acquires insight into the diversity of belief earlier
, Helps people to be self-conscious or aware that others can think of
them in different ways
helps be understanding or empathetic toward others
Helps anticipate and predict people actions
Important for communication and social skills
◉Self-concept. Answer: A person's self-discription, including both
external and internal qualities.
◉Self-esteem. Answer: evaluative judgment about who a person is,
by that person
◉Social Learning Theory. Answer: Behavior is learned through
observation, modeling, reinforcement, and punishment.
By modeling behavior of adults and other children, a child develops
ideas about appropriate behaviors for each gender.
◉Gender Schema Theory. Answer: children develop their own
conceptions of the attributes associated with maleness or
femaleness.
◉Developmental Intergroup Theory. Answer: Many gender
stereotypes are so strong because we emphasize gender so much in
culture.