PRACTICE EXAM 2026 FINAL REVIEW BUNDLED
SOLUTION PACKAGE
◉ Subjects with a serious illness may be at risk for exploitation because
they may be desperate for a possible cure. This is an example of:
Answer: Medical vulnerability
-Medical vulnerability arises when prospective subjects have serious
health conditions for which there are no satisfactory standard treatments.
Subjects with serious health problems may not be able to adequately
weigh the risks and potential benefits of the research. Subjects are at risk
of exploitation because they may overestimate potential benefit.
Deferential vulnerability is similar to institutional vulnerability, but the
authority over the prospective subject is due to informal power
relationships rather than formal hierarchies. Economic vulnerability
arises when prospective subjects are disadvantaged in the distribution of
social goods and services (income, housing, or healthcare). Therapeutic
misconception occurs when subjects blur the roles played by physician-
researchers and fail to appreciate the difference between research and
treatment.
◉ A subject participates in a drug study because treatment is available at
no or reduced cost, and he could not otherwise afford it. This is an
example of: Answer: Economic vulnerability