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HESI 266 Med-Surg Exam – 250 Questions & Answers | Nursing Care, Pharmacology, Clinical Concepts 2026

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This document is a comprehensive HESI 266 Medical-Surgical Nursing exam study guide containing approximately 250 exam-style questions with accurate, fully explained answers. It covers a wide range of essential nursing topics, including cardiovascular care, respiratory management, gastrointestinal disorders, endocrine conditions, infection control, and postoperative nursing interventions. As shown on page 1, the document begins with key clinical definitions such as pleurodesis, while subsequent pages (e.g., pages 2–10) expand into critical concepts like myocardial infarction care, PEG tube management, chemotherapy effects, and nursing priorities in acute conditions. The material is presented in a structured question-and-answer format, making it highly effective for reinforcing clinical reasoning, prioritization, and real-world nursing decision-making. Throughout the document (pages 20–40), learners engage with scenarios involving cardiac markers, stroke management, diabetes care, and medication administration, while later sections (pages 40–57) address advanced topics such as electrolyte imbalances, chest tube management, oncology nursing, and postoperative complications. This breadth ensures thorough preparation for both HESI exams and clinical practice. This study guide aligns closely with standard BSN nursing curricula and is particularly relevant for students using Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems by Sharon L. Lewis, Linda Bucher, and Margaret M. Heitkemper. It is ideal for BSN students, HESI exam candidates, NCLEX preparation, and courses such as Medical-Surgical Nursing, Adult Health Nursing, Fundamentals of Nursing, and Pharmacology. It is especially beneficial for college and university students seeking to strengthen clinical judgment, improve exam performance, and master key nursing concepts through high-yield practice questions. Keywords: hesi med surg, nursing exam, medical surgical nursing, pharmacology, patient care, nursing interventions, clinical reasoning, prioritization, cardiac care, respiratory care, diabetes management, infection control, postoperative care, iv therapy, electrolyte imbalance, oncology nursing, chest tube management, stroke care, renal disorders, gastrointestinal disorders

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BSN HESI 266 Med Surg Exam
Questions and Answers 2026
Exam Questions and Answers |
100% Solved



Pleurodesis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A procedure aimed at preventing the

formation of a pleural effusion by causing the pleural spaces to seal

together.

,Radiation therapy consequences - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chronic esophagitis with

gastroesophageal reflux is a potential consequence of radiation therapy for

breast cancer.


Pathologic fracture - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fractures that occur without evidence

of trauma, often due to loss of bone density from radiation damage.


Sexual activity after myocardial infarction - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Sexual

intercourse after an MI requires no more energy expenditure or cardiac

stress than walking briskly up two flights of stairs.


Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A type

of feeding tube that differs from a gastrostomy tube primarily in the method

of insertion.


PEG tube - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A tube inserted endoscopically through the

esophagus into the stomach, held in place by a bumper and a water-filled

balloon.


GT - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A tube inserted through an incision in the abdomen

and sutured to the gastric wall.

,Proctosigmoidoscopy preparation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Includes obtaining

consent, a clear-liquid diet for 24 to 48 hours prior, administration of an

enema, and fasting on the morning of the procedure.


Dysuria in diabetes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Elevated fingerstick glucose levels

(e.g., 300 mg/dl) need to be reported to adjust the care plan.


Right renal calculi nursing diagnosis priority - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acute pain

related to movement of the stone.


Chemotherapy initiation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Starting chemotherapy early

increases the chance of eradicating cancer cells, as 50% of tumor cells are

killed with each dose.


Asterixis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A clinical sign of liver disease characterized by a

flapping tremor of the hands.


Clear-liquid diet - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A diet consisting of clear fluids, often

required 24 to 48 hours before certain medical procedures.


Enema - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A procedure to introduce liquid into the rectum to

stimulate a bowel movement or cleanse the bowel before a procedure.




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, Fasting protocol - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Refraining from all food and drink for a

specified period, often required before medical procedures.


Suprapubic pain - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Pain located in the lower abdomen, often

associated with urinary issues.


Bounding pulse - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A pulse that feels strong and full, often

measured at 100 beats/minute in this context.


Small vesicular perineal lesions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fluid-filled blisters in the

perineal area, which may indicate an infection or other medical condition.


Acute pain - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Severe discomfort that arises suddenly, often

related to conditions like renal calculi.


Impaired urinary elimination - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Difficulty in passing urine,

often due to obstruction.


Risk for infection - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased likelihood of developing an

infection, often due to conditions like urinary stasis.


Deficient knowledge - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A lack of understanding or

information regarding a specific health condition or its management.

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