NR 324 Exam 1 Fluid and
Electrolytes and Respiratory
2026 Exam All Answers and
Illustrations Given
paO2 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔80-100 mm Hg
pH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔7.35-7.45
low pH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔acidic
high pH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔alkalosis
,pa CO2 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔35-45 mm Hg
HCO3 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔22-26 mEq/L
respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔low pH, high co2, normal bicarbonate
causes of respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔respiratory depression from
anesthesia, overdose, increased intracranial pressure, airway obstruction
from decreased alveolar capillary diffusion like pneumonia, COPD, ARDS,
AND PE
signs/symptoms of respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔hypoventilation
(hypoxia), rapid, shallow respirations, decrease in BP, skin/mucous pale to
cyanotic, headache, hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias, drowsiness, dizziness,
disorientation, muscle weakness, hyperreflexia
Nursing management of respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ventilator,
arterial blood gas, low-dose oxygen in chronic conditions, high-dose
oxygen in acute hypoxia with acidosis, I/O, promote the release of CO2,
turn/cough/deep breathe, assume semi-high fowlers position, clear
respiratory secretions, colors of skin, mucous membranes
, respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔high pH, low co2 and normal
bicarbonate
causes of respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔high pH, low co2 and
hyperventilation, initial stages of pulmonary emboli, hypoxia, fever,
pregnancy, high altitudes, and anxiety
signs/symptoms of respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seizures,
deep/rapid breathing, hyperventilation, tachycardia, decrease BP,
hypokalemia, numbness/tingling in extremities, lethargy/confusion, light
headedness, N/V
nursing management of respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔kidneys
retain H+ ions, use a rebreather mask or paper bag, sedatives, monitor
respiratory rate/depth, tachycardia, low BP, serum K+ levels/ECG levels,
hydration status I/O, check for toxicities
metabolic acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔low ph, normal co2 and low
bicarbonate
metabolic acidosis signs/symptoms - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔compensatory
hyperventilation (kussmaul respirations), headache, decreased BP,
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
Electrolytes and Respiratory
2026 Exam All Answers and
Illustrations Given
paO2 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔80-100 mm Hg
pH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔7.35-7.45
low pH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔acidic
high pH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔alkalosis
,pa CO2 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔35-45 mm Hg
HCO3 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔22-26 mEq/L
respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔low pH, high co2, normal bicarbonate
causes of respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔respiratory depression from
anesthesia, overdose, increased intracranial pressure, airway obstruction
from decreased alveolar capillary diffusion like pneumonia, COPD, ARDS,
AND PE
signs/symptoms of respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔hypoventilation
(hypoxia), rapid, shallow respirations, decrease in BP, skin/mucous pale to
cyanotic, headache, hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias, drowsiness, dizziness,
disorientation, muscle weakness, hyperreflexia
Nursing management of respiratory acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ventilator,
arterial blood gas, low-dose oxygen in chronic conditions, high-dose
oxygen in acute hypoxia with acidosis, I/O, promote the release of CO2,
turn/cough/deep breathe, assume semi-high fowlers position, clear
respiratory secretions, colors of skin, mucous membranes
, respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔high pH, low co2 and normal
bicarbonate
causes of respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔high pH, low co2 and
hyperventilation, initial stages of pulmonary emboli, hypoxia, fever,
pregnancy, high altitudes, and anxiety
signs/symptoms of respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seizures,
deep/rapid breathing, hyperventilation, tachycardia, decrease BP,
hypokalemia, numbness/tingling in extremities, lethargy/confusion, light
headedness, N/V
nursing management of respiratory alkalosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔kidneys
retain H+ ions, use a rebreather mask or paper bag, sedatives, monitor
respiratory rate/depth, tachycardia, low BP, serum K+ levels/ECG levels,
hydration status I/O, check for toxicities
metabolic acidosis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔low ph, normal co2 and low
bicarbonate
metabolic acidosis signs/symptoms - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔compensatory
hyperventilation (kussmaul respirations), headache, decreased BP,
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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