i-Human Case Study 2025/2026: Difficulty Breathing in a 70-Year-Old – Acute Dyspnea with Heart Failure & COPD

A comprehensive i-Human case study for 2025/2026 on a 70-year-old male presenting with acute worsening shortness of breath, orthopnea, lower extremity edema, and wheezing. This case explores the diagnostic challenge of differentiating acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) from COPD exacerbation in a geriatric patient with multimorbidity. Covers systematic history taking, physical examination findings (JVD, S3 gallop, crackles, peripheral edema), diagnostic testing (BNP, chest X-ray, ECG, echocardiogram), evidence-based management including IV diuresis, oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, and patient education on sodium restriction, daily weights, and medication adherence. Ideal for advanced practice nursing, medical students, and primary care clinicians preparing for i-Human simulations, clinical reasoning exercises, and NRNP coursework.