introduction to law test bank
Law - ANSWER A set of rules and procedures usually intended to regulate some aspect of society
Civil Law - ANSWER 1. A legal system based on written codes or laws 2. A type of law that controls
private disputes between parties
Common Law - ANSWER A body of law developed through the courts
Constitution - ANSWER A document whose primary purpose is to establish government and define its
powers
Code - ANSWER A topical organization of statutes
Precedent - ANSWER The example set by the decision of an earlier court for similar cases or similar legal
questions that arise in later cases
Stare decisis - ANSWER "It stands decided" another term for precedent
Jurisprudence - ANSWER A study of philosophy of law
Natural Theory of Law - ANSWER A philosophical theory holding that law reflects the moral and
unchangeable laws of nature
Legal Positivism - ANSWER A philosophical theory holding that the validity of law is not related to
morality
,Legal Realism - ANSWER A philosophical theory that laws are created by judges and therefore subject to
individual beliefs and prejudices
Tort - ANSWER A non contractual civil wrong
Statute of Limitation - ANSWER A law that places a time limit on when a lawsuit can be filed
Substantive Laws - ANSWER Laws that define our rights and obligations
Procedural Laws - ANSWER Laws that dictate how we enforce our rights and obligations
Crime - ANSWER An act in violation of criminal statute
Rules of Court - ANSWER Procedural rules adopted by all courts regulating practice in the court
Due Process of Law - ANSWER Existence of a law that prohibits the conduct in question before the
violation occurs: a law that is sufficiently certain and clear so that an individual is capable of knowing
what is permissible and what is illegal: a specifically described penalty that is to be imposed in the event
a person is found guilty
Jurisdiction - ANSWER Power or authority to act in a certain situation: the power of a court to hear cases
and render judgments
Preponderance of the Evidence - ANSWER Amount of proof necessary for most civil cases; more likely
than not
Liable - ANSWER Finding responsibility in a civil case
,Indigent - ANSWER Without funds or assets and therefore unable to afford an attorney
Burden of Proof - ANSWER Necessity of establishing a particular fact or the necessity of going forward
with the evidence
Beyond a Reasonable Doubt - ANSWER The amount of proof necessary for a conviction in a criminal case
Hung Jury - ANSWER Jury that cannot attain the necessary consensus or majority to reach a verdict
Syllabus - ANSWER A summary of a Supreme Court case written by the reporter of decisions, an officer
of the court, appointed by the Supreme Court Justices
Reformation - ANSWER Court rewrites a contract to reflect the parties' intentions.
Common Law - ANSWER Law made and applied by judges as they decide cases not governed by statutes.
Administration (Agency) Regulation. - ANSWER When the Internal Revenue Service adopts certain a new
tax law this is what kind of law?
Courts of Law - ANSWER Courts empowered to award wronged parties economic compensation.
Courts of Equity - ANSWER Courts empowered to award any manner of non-monetary relief.
Statutes - ANSWER Rules and regulations put forth by legislatures.
The Doctrine of Stare Decisis - ANSWER Judges are obligated to follow precedents established within a
particular jurisdiction.
, Civil Law - ANSWER Law that defines and enforces the duties or obligations of private persons to one
another.
Criminal Law - ANSWER Law defines and enforces the obligations of persons to society as a whole.
Plaintiff - ANSWER The party who filed a court action.
Defendant - ANSWER The party against whom the plaintiff filed its action.
Six - ANSWER The number of jurors needed in Florida for a civil case.
Appellee/Respondent - ANSWER The other party to a disposition that has been appealed.
Admiralty cases, bankruptcy cases, federal criminal prosecutions, claims against the United States, and
federal copyright, patent, or trademark cases. - ANSWER Federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction of
what types of cases?
Opinion - ANSWER The court's reasons for its judgment.
Unanimous Opinion - ANSWER An opinion joined by all of the judges who heard a case.
Cross Examination - ANSWER After the plaintiff's attorney has completed his or her questioning of the
plaintiff's witness, the defendant's attorney may question the witness. This is?
A Bench Trial - ANSWER A trial without a jury is called?
Law - ANSWER A set of rules and procedures usually intended to regulate some aspect of society
Civil Law - ANSWER 1. A legal system based on written codes or laws 2. A type of law that controls
private disputes between parties
Common Law - ANSWER A body of law developed through the courts
Constitution - ANSWER A document whose primary purpose is to establish government and define its
powers
Code - ANSWER A topical organization of statutes
Precedent - ANSWER The example set by the decision of an earlier court for similar cases or similar legal
questions that arise in later cases
Stare decisis - ANSWER "It stands decided" another term for precedent
Jurisprudence - ANSWER A study of philosophy of law
Natural Theory of Law - ANSWER A philosophical theory holding that law reflects the moral and
unchangeable laws of nature
Legal Positivism - ANSWER A philosophical theory holding that the validity of law is not related to
morality
,Legal Realism - ANSWER A philosophical theory that laws are created by judges and therefore subject to
individual beliefs and prejudices
Tort - ANSWER A non contractual civil wrong
Statute of Limitation - ANSWER A law that places a time limit on when a lawsuit can be filed
Substantive Laws - ANSWER Laws that define our rights and obligations
Procedural Laws - ANSWER Laws that dictate how we enforce our rights and obligations
Crime - ANSWER An act in violation of criminal statute
Rules of Court - ANSWER Procedural rules adopted by all courts regulating practice in the court
Due Process of Law - ANSWER Existence of a law that prohibits the conduct in question before the
violation occurs: a law that is sufficiently certain and clear so that an individual is capable of knowing
what is permissible and what is illegal: a specifically described penalty that is to be imposed in the event
a person is found guilty
Jurisdiction - ANSWER Power or authority to act in a certain situation: the power of a court to hear cases
and render judgments
Preponderance of the Evidence - ANSWER Amount of proof necessary for most civil cases; more likely
than not
Liable - ANSWER Finding responsibility in a civil case
,Indigent - ANSWER Without funds or assets and therefore unable to afford an attorney
Burden of Proof - ANSWER Necessity of establishing a particular fact or the necessity of going forward
with the evidence
Beyond a Reasonable Doubt - ANSWER The amount of proof necessary for a conviction in a criminal case
Hung Jury - ANSWER Jury that cannot attain the necessary consensus or majority to reach a verdict
Syllabus - ANSWER A summary of a Supreme Court case written by the reporter of decisions, an officer
of the court, appointed by the Supreme Court Justices
Reformation - ANSWER Court rewrites a contract to reflect the parties' intentions.
Common Law - ANSWER Law made and applied by judges as they decide cases not governed by statutes.
Administration (Agency) Regulation. - ANSWER When the Internal Revenue Service adopts certain a new
tax law this is what kind of law?
Courts of Law - ANSWER Courts empowered to award wronged parties economic compensation.
Courts of Equity - ANSWER Courts empowered to award any manner of non-monetary relief.
Statutes - ANSWER Rules and regulations put forth by legislatures.
The Doctrine of Stare Decisis - ANSWER Judges are obligated to follow precedents established within a
particular jurisdiction.
, Civil Law - ANSWER Law that defines and enforces the duties or obligations of private persons to one
another.
Criminal Law - ANSWER Law defines and enforces the obligations of persons to society as a whole.
Plaintiff - ANSWER The party who filed a court action.
Defendant - ANSWER The party against whom the plaintiff filed its action.
Six - ANSWER The number of jurors needed in Florida for a civil case.
Appellee/Respondent - ANSWER The other party to a disposition that has been appealed.
Admiralty cases, bankruptcy cases, federal criminal prosecutions, claims against the United States, and
federal copyright, patent, or trademark cases. - ANSWER Federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction of
what types of cases?
Opinion - ANSWER The court's reasons for its judgment.
Unanimous Opinion - ANSWER An opinion joined by all of the judges who heard a case.
Cross Examination - ANSWER After the plaintiff's attorney has completed his or her questioning of the
plaintiff's witness, the defendant's attorney may question the witness. This is?
A Bench Trial - ANSWER A trial without a jury is called?
