NURS 211 Quiz 2| 2026 Latest Update with Complete
Solution-West Coast University
Schizophrenia: the client has psychotic thinking or behavior present for at least 6 months
- High level of dopamine (psychosis)
o The dopamine hypothesis suggest that schizophrenia may be caused by an
EXCESS of DOPAMINE-DEPENDENT neuronal activity in the brain.
- Areas of functioning, including school or work, self-care, and interpersonal relationships,
are significantly impaired
- there is NO CURE for SCHIZO
- The etiology of schizophrenia remains unclear.
- Most current theory is that schizophrenia is a biologically based disease with genetic
component.
- Onset of disorder in influenced by factors in the Internal and External environment.
- When one Fraternal twin is dx w/ schizophrenia the other twin has a 15% chance of
developing the disorder.
- When one Identical twin is dx w/ schizophrenia, the other has a 50% chance of developing
the disorder.
Schizophrenia
- In about 75 % of those with schizophrenia the disorder develops gradually, usually
- presenting between 15 and 25 years of age
- Childhood onset before 15 y/o
- Late onset after 40 y/o
- Symptoms of schizophrenia generally appears in late adolescence or early adulthood.
- Some studies have indicated that symptoms occur earlier in men than in women.
- It is possibly caused by a combination of the following:
a. genetic predisposition
i. there is no specific study that clarifies the genetic cause for the disorder.
b. biochemical dysfunction
i. maybe caused by an elevation of DOPMINE activity in the brain.
ii. abnormalities in other neurotransmitters have also been suggested, such
as:
1. norepinephrine
2. serotonin
3. acetylcholine
4. gama-aminobutyric acid
5. in the neuroregulators
a. prostaglandins
b. endorphins
, c. physiological factors
i. factors that have been implicated are
1. viral infection
2. anatomical abnormalities
d. psychosocial stress
i. researchers focus their theories on BRAIN DISORDER
- cause disturbance in
a. thought process
b. perception
c. affect
- Phases of Schizophrenia
a. Premorbid-Schizoid phase
i. signs that occur BEFORE there is a clear evidence of the illness and may
include distinctive personality traits and behaviors.
ii. social maladjustment
iii. Antagonistic thoughts and behavior
iv. shy and withdrawn
v. poor peer relationship
vi. doing poorly in school
vii. antisocial behavior
viii. it is NOT common to return to full premorbid phase
b. Prodromal
i. symptoms are MORE CLEARLY manifested as signs of the developing
illness of schizophrenia.
ii. lasts from weeks to a few years
iii. deterioration in role functioning and social withdrawal
iv. substantial functional impairment
v. sleep disturbance, anxiety, and irritability
vi. depressed mood, poor concentration, fatigue
vii. perceptual abnormalities, ideas of reference, and suspiciousness herald
onset of psychosis
Solution-West Coast University
Schizophrenia: the client has psychotic thinking or behavior present for at least 6 months
- High level of dopamine (psychosis)
o The dopamine hypothesis suggest that schizophrenia may be caused by an
EXCESS of DOPAMINE-DEPENDENT neuronal activity in the brain.
- Areas of functioning, including school or work, self-care, and interpersonal relationships,
are significantly impaired
- there is NO CURE for SCHIZO
- The etiology of schizophrenia remains unclear.
- Most current theory is that schizophrenia is a biologically based disease with genetic
component.
- Onset of disorder in influenced by factors in the Internal and External environment.
- When one Fraternal twin is dx w/ schizophrenia the other twin has a 15% chance of
developing the disorder.
- When one Identical twin is dx w/ schizophrenia, the other has a 50% chance of developing
the disorder.
Schizophrenia
- In about 75 % of those with schizophrenia the disorder develops gradually, usually
- presenting between 15 and 25 years of age
- Childhood onset before 15 y/o
- Late onset after 40 y/o
- Symptoms of schizophrenia generally appears in late adolescence or early adulthood.
- Some studies have indicated that symptoms occur earlier in men than in women.
- It is possibly caused by a combination of the following:
a. genetic predisposition
i. there is no specific study that clarifies the genetic cause for the disorder.
b. biochemical dysfunction
i. maybe caused by an elevation of DOPMINE activity in the brain.
ii. abnormalities in other neurotransmitters have also been suggested, such
as:
1. norepinephrine
2. serotonin
3. acetylcholine
4. gama-aminobutyric acid
5. in the neuroregulators
a. prostaglandins
b. endorphins
, c. physiological factors
i. factors that have been implicated are
1. viral infection
2. anatomical abnormalities
d. psychosocial stress
i. researchers focus their theories on BRAIN DISORDER
- cause disturbance in
a. thought process
b. perception
c. affect
- Phases of Schizophrenia
a. Premorbid-Schizoid phase
i. signs that occur BEFORE there is a clear evidence of the illness and may
include distinctive personality traits and behaviors.
ii. social maladjustment
iii. Antagonistic thoughts and behavior
iv. shy and withdrawn
v. poor peer relationship
vi. doing poorly in school
vii. antisocial behavior
viii. it is NOT common to return to full premorbid phase
b. Prodromal
i. symptoms are MORE CLEARLY manifested as signs of the developing
illness of schizophrenia.
ii. lasts from weeks to a few years
iii. deterioration in role functioning and social withdrawal
iv. substantial functional impairment
v. sleep disturbance, anxiety, and irritability
vi. depressed mood, poor concentration, fatigue
vii. perceptual abnormalities, ideas of reference, and suspiciousness herald
onset of psychosis
