3/28/26, 7:42 AM NP exam: Fluid and electrolyte balance Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) Updated (Actual Exam) 2025\2026 LATE…
NP exam: Fluid and electrolyte balance Exam
Questions and Answers (Verified Answers)
Updated (Actual Exam) 2025\2026 LATEST
VERSION!!
Save
Terms in this set (27)
Hyponatremia Low sodium. Most common electrolyte
abnormality
Urine sodium Normal is 10-20 mEq/l
Serum osmolality Usually 2x Na (275-295)
Urine sodium greater than 20 mEq/l Suggests salt wasting, a problem with the kidneys,
intrarenal kidney disease
Urine sodium less than 10 mEq/l suggests renal retention of sodium to compensate
for extrarenal fluid losses - not a problem in the
kidneys - postrenal kidney disease
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, 3/28/26, 7:42 AM NP exam: Fluid and electrolyte balance Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) Updated (Actual Exam) 2025\2026 LATE…
Isotonic Hyponatremia - Serum osmolality 284-295
pseudohyponatremia Occurs with extreme hyperlipidemia or
hyperproteinemia
Body water is normal and patient is asymptomatic
Treatment: Cut down fat
No fluid restriction
Hypotonic Hyponatremia state of body water excess diluting all body fluids,
clinical signs arise from water EXCESS
Serum osmolality less than 280
Hypotonic hyponatremia Hypovolemic with Urine NA less than 10
-Dehydration
-Diarrhea
-Vomiting
Hypovolemic with Urine NA greater than 20 (low
volume and kidneys cannot conserve Na)
-Diuretics
-ACE inhibitors
-mineralocorticoid deficiency
Hypervolemic (need to restrict water)
-Edematous states
-CHF
-Liver disease
-advanced renal failure
HYPERtonic Hyponatremia Serum Osmo greater than 290
Hyperglycemia (often from HHNK)
Osmolality is high but Na is low
https://quizlet.com/1161350066/np-exam-fluid-and-electrolyte-balance-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-updated-actual-exam-20252026… 2/6
NP exam: Fluid and electrolyte balance Exam
Questions and Answers (Verified Answers)
Updated (Actual Exam) 2025\2026 LATEST
VERSION!!
Save
Terms in this set (27)
Hyponatremia Low sodium. Most common electrolyte
abnormality
Urine sodium Normal is 10-20 mEq/l
Serum osmolality Usually 2x Na (275-295)
Urine sodium greater than 20 mEq/l Suggests salt wasting, a problem with the kidneys,
intrarenal kidney disease
Urine sodium less than 10 mEq/l suggests renal retention of sodium to compensate
for extrarenal fluid losses - not a problem in the
kidneys - postrenal kidney disease
https://quizlet.com/1161350066/np-exam-fluid-and-electrolyte-balance-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-updated-actual-exam-20252026… 1/6
, 3/28/26, 7:42 AM NP exam: Fluid and electrolyte balance Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) Updated (Actual Exam) 2025\2026 LATE…
Isotonic Hyponatremia - Serum osmolality 284-295
pseudohyponatremia Occurs with extreme hyperlipidemia or
hyperproteinemia
Body water is normal and patient is asymptomatic
Treatment: Cut down fat
No fluid restriction
Hypotonic Hyponatremia state of body water excess diluting all body fluids,
clinical signs arise from water EXCESS
Serum osmolality less than 280
Hypotonic hyponatremia Hypovolemic with Urine NA less than 10
-Dehydration
-Diarrhea
-Vomiting
Hypovolemic with Urine NA greater than 20 (low
volume and kidneys cannot conserve Na)
-Diuretics
-ACE inhibitors
-mineralocorticoid deficiency
Hypervolemic (need to restrict water)
-Edematous states
-CHF
-Liver disease
-advanced renal failure
HYPERtonic Hyponatremia Serum Osmo greater than 290
Hyperglycemia (often from HHNK)
Osmolality is high but Na is low
https://quizlet.com/1161350066/np-exam-fluid-and-electrolyte-balance-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-updated-actual-exam-20252026… 2/6
