FISDAP CARDIOLOGY EMT INITIAL EXAM 2026 STUDY GUIDE – VERIFIED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | A+ EMT CARDIOLOGY PREP WITH FULL SOLUTIONS

FISDAP CARDIOLOGY EMT INITIAL EXAM 2026
STUDY GUIDE – VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | A+ EMT CARDIOLOGY PREP WITH
FULL SOLUTIONS
FISDAP CARDIOLOGY EMT INITIAL EXAM 2026

STUDY GUIDE – VERIFIED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | A+ PREP WITH FULL
SOLUTIONS



Question 1 What is the primary function of the left ventricle?
A. Receive oxygenated blood from the lungs

B. Pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs

C. Pump oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation

D. Regulate the heart rate

E. Filter blood before it enters the aorta

CORRECT ANSWER: C RATIONALE: The left ventricle is the most muscular
chamber of the heart and is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood into the aorta
and throughout the entire body via the systemic circulation.



Question 2 Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

A. Tricuspid valve

B. Pulmonary valve
C. Aortic valve

D. Mitral valve

E. Pulmonic valve

CORRECT ANSWER: D RATIONALE: The mitral (bicuspid) valve is located
between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It prevents backflow of blood from the left
ventricle into the left atrium during ventricular contraction.


Question 3 The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in which chamber of the heart?

, A. Right atrium

B. Left atrium

C. Right ventricle
D. Left ventricle

E. Bundle of His

CORRECT ANSWER: A RATIONALE: The SA node, known as the heart's natural
pacemaker, is located in the upper wall of the right atrium. It initiates the electrical
impulse that triggers each heartbeat.


Question 4 What is the normal intrinsic firing rate of the SA node?

A. 20–40 beats per minute

B. 40–60 beats per minute

C. 60–100 beats per minute

D. 100–150 beats per minute

E. 150–200 beats per minute

CORRECT ANSWER: C RATIONALE: The SA node normally fires at a rate of 60–
100 beats per minute, establishing the normal sinus rhythm. Rates above or below this
range suggest either tachycardia or bradycardia.


Question 5 Which coronary artery supplies the majority of the left ventricle?

A. Right coronary artery (RCA)

B. Posterior descending artery

C. Left anterior descending artery (LAD)

D. Circumflex artery

E. Marginal artery

CORRECT ANSWER: C RATIONALE: The LAD is often called the "widow maker"
because it supplies the anterior wall and septum of the left ventricle. Occlusion of the
LAD causes large anterior MIs with significant mortality.

,Question 6 The tricuspid valve is located between which two chambers?

A. Left atrium and left ventricle

B. Right ventricle and pulmonary artery

C. Right atrium and right ventricle

D. Left ventricle and aorta

E. Left atrium and pulmonary vein

CORRECT ANSWER: C RATIONALE: The tricuspid valve has three leaflets and
is positioned between the right atrium and right ventricle. It prevents backflow during
right ventricular contraction.



Question 7 Which layer of the heart is responsible for the pumping action?

A. Endocardium

B. Pericardium

C. Myocardium

D. Epicardium
E. Visceral pericardium

CORRECT ANSWER: C RATIONALE: The myocardium is the muscular middle
layer of the heart wall. It contains the cardiac muscle fibers that contract rhythmically to
pump blood through the circulatory system.



Question 8 What does the P wave on an ECG represent?
A. Ventricular depolarization

B. Ventricular repolarization

C. Atrial depolarization

D. Atrial repolarization

E. AV node conduction delay

, CORRECT ANSWER: C RATIONALE: The P wave represents the electrical
depolarization of the atria, which triggers atrial contraction. A normal P wave is smooth,
rounded, and precedes every QRS complex in normal sinus rhythm.


Question 9 The QRS complex on an ECG represents which cardiac event?

A. Atrial depolarization

B. Atrial repolarization

C. Ventricular repolarization

D. Ventricular depolarization

E. SA node firing

CORRECT ANSWER: D RATIONALE: The QRS complex represents the rapid
depolarization of the ventricles, which triggers ventricular contraction. It normally lasts
0.06–0.12 seconds. A wide QRS may indicate a bundle branch block or ventricular
origin.



Question 10 What does the T wave on an ECG represent?

A. Atrial contraction

B. Ventricular contraction
C. Atrial repolarization

D. Ventricular repolarization

E. AV conduction

CORRECT ANSWER: D RATIONALE: The T wave represents ventricular
repolarization — the recovery phase of the ventricles after contraction. Inverted or tall
peaked T waves can indicate ischemia, hyperkalemia, or other pathology.



Question 11 Which structure delays the electrical impulse between the atria and
ventricles?

A. SA node
B. Bundle of His