6TH YEAR STATE EXAM WRITTEN STATE-
SURGERY-2026
• 1
SUR - 1.1
A surgery is performed with diagnostic intent:
A) if the nature of the disease cannot be otherwise confirmed
B) if no further costly investigations can be carried out
C) if the patient refuses to undergo any other therapeutic
intervention
D) in the majority of the surgical interventions
A) if the nature of the disease cannot be otherwise confirmed
We perform a surgery with diagnostic intent if the diagnosis
could not be established with any of the preoperative non-
invasive and invasive diagnostic modalities, and further
diagnostic progress can only be achieved by surgical
exploration of the patient.
• 2
SUR - 1.2
A surgery is considered curative:
A) in all the cases
B) if the cause of the disease can be completely eliminated with
,the surgery
C) if it is not aimed to prevent a disease
D) when peritoneal carcinomatosis is found
B) if the cause of the disease can be completely eliminated with
the surgery
A surgery is considered curative if both the preoperative
examinations and the surgical exploration confirms that the
target lesion (e.g. a cancer with its metastases, if any) can be
completely removed. Do not forget; however, that it's the
outcome of the disease that will ultimately determine the
radicality of the surgery.
• 3
SUR - 1.3
All these methods are used to prevent thromboembolic
complications in the perioperative period, except one:
A) Na-heparin
B) Colfarit (acidum acetylsalicylicum)
C) Ca-heparin
D) compression stockings
B) Colfarit (acidum acetylsalicylicum)
One of the most frequent complications after a surgical
intervention is thromboembolization (with an average risk of
,around 20-30% after abdominal surgeries, and 50-60% after
major orthopedic and trauma surgeries). Thromboembolic
prophylaxis should be carried out in patients at a high risk (e.g.
history of thrombosis or myocardial infarction, elderly people,
obesity, undergoing long surgery). Methods include medical
therapy: conventional and low-molecular-weight heparin
administered subcutaneously (started before the surgery!), and
physical modalities: early mobilization, use of compression
stockings, pillowing up the lower extremities. Acetylsalicylic acid
(e.g. Colfarit) decreases the risk of thromboembolism by
inhibiting platelet aggregation. Its effect starts around 15
minutes after administration and lasts for 3-7 days. Its side
effects (e.g. bleeding complications) cannot be suspended and
the patient may require platelet transfusion, thus these drugs
are not suitable for preoperative prophylaxis.
• 4
SUR - 1.4
All those means, methods and interventions with which we
try to prevent the contamination of the pathogens are
collectively called as:
A) disinfection
B) asepsis
, C) antisepsis
D) sterilization
B) asepsis
All those interventions, actions and methods with which we try to
prevent the contamination of the pathogens are collectively
called asepsis. To reach this goal, all the instruments and
materials we use during an intervention must be made free of
germs (sterilization). Antisepsis means all the actions taken
against the already present contamination, which can be most
effectively achieved by disinfection. (See also SEB-1.65.)
• 5
SUR - 1.5
Principles of the modern antibiotic therapy:
A) broad-spectrum antibiotics are given in the proper dose
B) antibiotic treatment is always targeted
C) carefully selected antibiotics are given in the proper dose for
the proper time
D) carefully selected antibiotics are given in the proper dose for
the longest possible time
C) carefully selected antibiotics are given in the proper dose for
the proper time
SURGERY-2026
• 1
SUR - 1.1
A surgery is performed with diagnostic intent:
A) if the nature of the disease cannot be otherwise confirmed
B) if no further costly investigations can be carried out
C) if the patient refuses to undergo any other therapeutic
intervention
D) in the majority of the surgical interventions
A) if the nature of the disease cannot be otherwise confirmed
We perform a surgery with diagnostic intent if the diagnosis
could not be established with any of the preoperative non-
invasive and invasive diagnostic modalities, and further
diagnostic progress can only be achieved by surgical
exploration of the patient.
• 2
SUR - 1.2
A surgery is considered curative:
A) in all the cases
B) if the cause of the disease can be completely eliminated with
,the surgery
C) if it is not aimed to prevent a disease
D) when peritoneal carcinomatosis is found
B) if the cause of the disease can be completely eliminated with
the surgery
A surgery is considered curative if both the preoperative
examinations and the surgical exploration confirms that the
target lesion (e.g. a cancer with its metastases, if any) can be
completely removed. Do not forget; however, that it's the
outcome of the disease that will ultimately determine the
radicality of the surgery.
• 3
SUR - 1.3
All these methods are used to prevent thromboembolic
complications in the perioperative period, except one:
A) Na-heparin
B) Colfarit (acidum acetylsalicylicum)
C) Ca-heparin
D) compression stockings
B) Colfarit (acidum acetylsalicylicum)
One of the most frequent complications after a surgical
intervention is thromboembolization (with an average risk of
,around 20-30% after abdominal surgeries, and 50-60% after
major orthopedic and trauma surgeries). Thromboembolic
prophylaxis should be carried out in patients at a high risk (e.g.
history of thrombosis or myocardial infarction, elderly people,
obesity, undergoing long surgery). Methods include medical
therapy: conventional and low-molecular-weight heparin
administered subcutaneously (started before the surgery!), and
physical modalities: early mobilization, use of compression
stockings, pillowing up the lower extremities. Acetylsalicylic acid
(e.g. Colfarit) decreases the risk of thromboembolism by
inhibiting platelet aggregation. Its effect starts around 15
minutes after administration and lasts for 3-7 days. Its side
effects (e.g. bleeding complications) cannot be suspended and
the patient may require platelet transfusion, thus these drugs
are not suitable for preoperative prophylaxis.
• 4
SUR - 1.4
All those means, methods and interventions with which we
try to prevent the contamination of the pathogens are
collectively called as:
A) disinfection
B) asepsis
, C) antisepsis
D) sterilization
B) asepsis
All those interventions, actions and methods with which we try to
prevent the contamination of the pathogens are collectively
called asepsis. To reach this goal, all the instruments and
materials we use during an intervention must be made free of
germs (sterilization). Antisepsis means all the actions taken
against the already present contamination, which can be most
effectively achieved by disinfection. (See also SEB-1.65.)
• 5
SUR - 1.5
Principles of the modern antibiotic therapy:
A) broad-spectrum antibiotics are given in the proper dose
B) antibiotic treatment is always targeted
C) carefully selected antibiotics are given in the proper dose for
the proper time
D) carefully selected antibiotics are given in the proper dose for
the longest possible time
C) carefully selected antibiotics are given in the proper dose for
the proper time
