6TH YEAR STATE EXAM WRITTEN STATE-
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
• 1
OBG - 1.1
What is the effect that counts for the differentiation of the
gonads?
A) testosterone
B) estrogen
C) sex chromosome
D) hypophyseal hormones
C) sex chromosome
Differentiation of the gonads occurs after the 7th pregnancy
week from the „indifferent” gonads determined by the sex
chromosomal complex. The differentiation toward testis is
initiated by a material encoded by the short arm of the Y-
chromosome (TDF: testis determining factor). In the absence of
a functional Y-chromosome the gonad will develop to ovary.
• 2
OBG - 1.7
In case of primary amenorrhea the first step after general
gynecological examination should be:
,A) clomiphene test
B) genetical screening
C) estrogen-progesterone test
D) gonadotropin stimulation test
C) estrogen-progesterone test
The coordinated operation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary-
endometrial axis is essential for regular menstruation. Checking
the function of the peripheral target organ should start with
clarifying the disturbances in the system. In case of primary
amenorrhea the first step to do after general gynecological
examination is to induce "withdrawal bleeding" by performing
the estrogen-progesterone test. With a responsive endometrial
layer, menstruation should appear after the exogenous hormone
effect finishes.
• 3
OBG - 1.8
Which of the followings is not progesterone effect?
A) endometrial proliferation
B) increase of basal body temperature
C) development of breast acinars
D) endometrial secretion
A) endometrial proliferation
,Cyclic genital function in women is fundamentally influenced by
estrogen and progesterone. Typical progesterone effects are
basal body temperature elevation and endometrial secretion,
whereas endometrial proliferation occurs in the first half of the
cycle due to estrogen action.
• 4
OBG - 1.9
In adolescents, secondary amenorrhea is defined as
missing the menstrual period for at least:
A) 2 months
B) 4 months
C) 6 months
D) 12 months
C) 6 months
In adolescence, regular menstrual cycles develop gradually with
the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary-endometrial axis. Delicate
disturbances may still occur in the system at this age, but most
of these cases gradually disappear spontaneously. The
specificity of this period is also reflected in the definition that in
adolescents we are talking about secondary amenorrhea when
the period is missing for at least 6 months, in contrast with
adulthood, where this time-interval is only 3 months.
• 5
, OBG - 1.10
The estimated amount of an average menstruation is about:
A) 10-15 ml
B) 25-50 ml
C) 75-100 ml
D) 100-120 ml
B) 25-50 ml
The amount of menstrual bleeding can be estimated based on
the number of bleeding days, the presence of larger blood clots
and the number of used pads/tampons. The average amount is
approximately 25-50 ml. Women using oral contraceptives
usually have less menstrual bleeding than women with non-
hormonal intrauterine devices.
• 6
OBG - 1.11
The origin of lutein cells:
A) theca externa
B) theca interna
C) granulosa cells
D) corona radiata
C) granulosa cells
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
• 1
OBG - 1.1
What is the effect that counts for the differentiation of the
gonads?
A) testosterone
B) estrogen
C) sex chromosome
D) hypophyseal hormones
C) sex chromosome
Differentiation of the gonads occurs after the 7th pregnancy
week from the „indifferent” gonads determined by the sex
chromosomal complex. The differentiation toward testis is
initiated by a material encoded by the short arm of the Y-
chromosome (TDF: testis determining factor). In the absence of
a functional Y-chromosome the gonad will develop to ovary.
• 2
OBG - 1.7
In case of primary amenorrhea the first step after general
gynecological examination should be:
,A) clomiphene test
B) genetical screening
C) estrogen-progesterone test
D) gonadotropin stimulation test
C) estrogen-progesterone test
The coordinated operation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary-
endometrial axis is essential for regular menstruation. Checking
the function of the peripheral target organ should start with
clarifying the disturbances in the system. In case of primary
amenorrhea the first step to do after general gynecological
examination is to induce "withdrawal bleeding" by performing
the estrogen-progesterone test. With a responsive endometrial
layer, menstruation should appear after the exogenous hormone
effect finishes.
• 3
OBG - 1.8
Which of the followings is not progesterone effect?
A) endometrial proliferation
B) increase of basal body temperature
C) development of breast acinars
D) endometrial secretion
A) endometrial proliferation
,Cyclic genital function in women is fundamentally influenced by
estrogen and progesterone. Typical progesterone effects are
basal body temperature elevation and endometrial secretion,
whereas endometrial proliferation occurs in the first half of the
cycle due to estrogen action.
• 4
OBG - 1.9
In adolescents, secondary amenorrhea is defined as
missing the menstrual period for at least:
A) 2 months
B) 4 months
C) 6 months
D) 12 months
C) 6 months
In adolescence, regular menstrual cycles develop gradually with
the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary-endometrial axis. Delicate
disturbances may still occur in the system at this age, but most
of these cases gradually disappear spontaneously. The
specificity of this period is also reflected in the definition that in
adolescents we are talking about secondary amenorrhea when
the period is missing for at least 6 months, in contrast with
adulthood, where this time-interval is only 3 months.
• 5
, OBG - 1.10
The estimated amount of an average menstruation is about:
A) 10-15 ml
B) 25-50 ml
C) 75-100 ml
D) 100-120 ml
B) 25-50 ml
The amount of menstrual bleeding can be estimated based on
the number of bleeding days, the presence of larger blood clots
and the number of used pads/tampons. The average amount is
approximately 25-50 ml. Women using oral contraceptives
usually have less menstrual bleeding than women with non-
hormonal intrauterine devices.
• 6
OBG - 1.11
The origin of lutein cells:
A) theca externa
B) theca interna
C) granulosa cells
D) corona radiata
C) granulosa cells
