NSG 555 Exam 2 2026 Exam
Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
HF definition - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clinical syndrome defined by: any structural
or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood
Stages of heart failure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔stage A- cardiac structure
abnormalities but no symptoms. goal: reduce risk
stage B-increased filling pressures, persistently elevated troponin without
dx or increased BNP
,stage C-Structural heart disease with current or previous symptoms of HF.
stage D- Marked HF symptoms that interfere with daily life and with
recurrent hospitalizations despite attempts to optimize GDMT.
most common causes of HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ischemic heart disease and
myocardial infarction (MI), hypertension, and valvular heart disease (VHD
approach to HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clinicians should seek the cause of HF
because appropriate treatment may be determined by the cause
assessing clinical s/s of congestion in HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔presence of
jugular venous distention, orthopnea, bendopnea, a square-wave response
to the Valsalva maneuver, and leg edema
lab studies for heart failure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔complete blood count,
urinalysis, serum electrolytes (including sodium, potassium, calcium, and
magnesium), blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, glucose, fasting lipid
profile, liver function tests, iron studies (serum iron, ferritin, transferrin
saturation), and thyroid-stimulating hormone level and electrocardiography
imaging recommendations for HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔comprehensive TTE is
the most useful initial diagnostic test given the vast amount of diagnostic
, and prognostic information provided. The determination of LVEF is a
fundamental step to classify HF and to guide evidence-based
pharmacological and device-based therapy
exercise tolerance testing in HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔CPET and the 6-minute
walk test are standardized, reliable, and reproducible tests to quantify
functional capacity.19-22 The NYHA functional classification can be used
to grade the severity of functional limitation based on patient report of
symptoms experienced with activity1 and is used to define candidates for
certain treatments.
Stage A heart failure management - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔patients who are at
high risk for developing heart failure but have no structural abnormalities
BP <130/80
diet
exercise
weight loss
stop smoking
If diabetics SGLT2 (flozin) or GLP-1 (tide)
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
HF definition - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clinical syndrome defined by: any structural
or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood
Stages of heart failure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔stage A- cardiac structure
abnormalities but no symptoms. goal: reduce risk
stage B-increased filling pressures, persistently elevated troponin without
dx or increased BNP
,stage C-Structural heart disease with current or previous symptoms of HF.
stage D- Marked HF symptoms that interfere with daily life and with
recurrent hospitalizations despite attempts to optimize GDMT.
most common causes of HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ischemic heart disease and
myocardial infarction (MI), hypertension, and valvular heart disease (VHD
approach to HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔clinicians should seek the cause of HF
because appropriate treatment may be determined by the cause
assessing clinical s/s of congestion in HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔presence of
jugular venous distention, orthopnea, bendopnea, a square-wave response
to the Valsalva maneuver, and leg edema
lab studies for heart failure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔complete blood count,
urinalysis, serum electrolytes (including sodium, potassium, calcium, and
magnesium), blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, glucose, fasting lipid
profile, liver function tests, iron studies (serum iron, ferritin, transferrin
saturation), and thyroid-stimulating hormone level and electrocardiography
imaging recommendations for HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔comprehensive TTE is
the most useful initial diagnostic test given the vast amount of diagnostic
, and prognostic information provided. The determination of LVEF is a
fundamental step to classify HF and to guide evidence-based
pharmacological and device-based therapy
exercise tolerance testing in HF - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔CPET and the 6-minute
walk test are standardized, reliable, and reproducible tests to quantify
functional capacity.19-22 The NYHA functional classification can be used
to grade the severity of functional limitation based on patient report of
symptoms experienced with activity1 and is used to define candidates for
certain treatments.
Stage A heart failure management - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔patients who are at
high risk for developing heart failure but have no structural abnormalities
BP <130/80
diet
exercise
weight loss
stop smoking
If diabetics SGLT2 (flozin) or GLP-1 (tide)
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
