Test Bank for Introduction to
Sociology, 3rd Edition by Heather
Griffiths, Nathan Keirns, Eric Strayer,
and Susan Cody-Rydzewski
Sociology - correct answers--The discipline that seeks to reveal the workings of human
societies by examining the relationships between individuals, groups, and social
structures.
Sociological Perspective - correct answers--Viewing human behavior by understanding
how social forces, patterns, and circumstances shape individual and group life.
Common Sense - correct answers--Obvious or taken-for-granted reactions to social
situations that are not based on systematic evidence.
, Common Knowledge - correct answers--Widely shared beliefs about society that may
not be supported by empirical evidence.
Conventional Wisdom - correct answers--Assumptions about the social world that are
commonly accepted but not necessarily true.
Sociological Imagination - correct answers--The ability to recognize how personal
experiences are connected to larger social and historical forces.
Verstehen - correct answers--Understanding social behavior by placing oneself in the
position of others to grasp the meanings behind their actions.
Micro-sociology - correct answers--The study of small-scale social interactions between
individuals or within groups.
Macro-sociology - correct answers--The study of large-scale social structures such as
institutions, systems, and patterns of inequality.
Auguste Comte - correct answers--Founder of sociology who developed positivism, the
use of scientific methods to study society.
Positivism - correct answers--The belief that society can be studied objectively through
observation and empirical data.
Harriet Martineau - correct answers--Early sociologist who examined how gender, race,
and social class affect human happiness and criticized inequality.
Social Manners - correct answers--Patterns of interaction and structured practices that
make up social institutions.
Social Morals - correct answers--A society's collective ideas about proper behavior,
values, and norms.
Herbert Spencer - correct answers--Sociologist who viewed society as an organism and
helped develop structural functionalism.
Social Darwinism - correct answers--The belief that societies evolve through 'survival of
the fittest' and that inequality is natural.
Karl Marx - correct answers--Sociologist who argued that capitalism creates inequality
through class conflict between owners and workers.
Capitalism - correct answers--An economic system in which the means of production
are privately owned for profit.
Bourgeoisie - correct answers--The social class that owns the means of production.
Sociology, 3rd Edition by Heather
Griffiths, Nathan Keirns, Eric Strayer,
and Susan Cody-Rydzewski
Sociology - correct answers--The discipline that seeks to reveal the workings of human
societies by examining the relationships between individuals, groups, and social
structures.
Sociological Perspective - correct answers--Viewing human behavior by understanding
how social forces, patterns, and circumstances shape individual and group life.
Common Sense - correct answers--Obvious or taken-for-granted reactions to social
situations that are not based on systematic evidence.
, Common Knowledge - correct answers--Widely shared beliefs about society that may
not be supported by empirical evidence.
Conventional Wisdom - correct answers--Assumptions about the social world that are
commonly accepted but not necessarily true.
Sociological Imagination - correct answers--The ability to recognize how personal
experiences are connected to larger social and historical forces.
Verstehen - correct answers--Understanding social behavior by placing oneself in the
position of others to grasp the meanings behind their actions.
Micro-sociology - correct answers--The study of small-scale social interactions between
individuals or within groups.
Macro-sociology - correct answers--The study of large-scale social structures such as
institutions, systems, and patterns of inequality.
Auguste Comte - correct answers--Founder of sociology who developed positivism, the
use of scientific methods to study society.
Positivism - correct answers--The belief that society can be studied objectively through
observation and empirical data.
Harriet Martineau - correct answers--Early sociologist who examined how gender, race,
and social class affect human happiness and criticized inequality.
Social Manners - correct answers--Patterns of interaction and structured practices that
make up social institutions.
Social Morals - correct answers--A society's collective ideas about proper behavior,
values, and norms.
Herbert Spencer - correct answers--Sociologist who viewed society as an organism and
helped develop structural functionalism.
Social Darwinism - correct answers--The belief that societies evolve through 'survival of
the fittest' and that inequality is natural.
Karl Marx - correct answers--Sociologist who argued that capitalism creates inequality
through class conflict between owners and workers.
Capitalism - correct answers--An economic system in which the means of production
are privately owned for profit.
Bourgeoisie - correct answers--The social class that owns the means of production.
