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NR 328 Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 2026/2027 Pediatric Care
Concepts Test Bank with Verified Answers and NCLEX
Rationales Grade A Comprehensive Review Guide
1. What factors have been shown to increase the risk of SIDS? (Select All That Apply.)
A. Recent illness
B. Sleeping with an adult (co-sleeping)
C. Smoking around the infant
D. Breastfeeding
E. Using a pacifier
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: SIDS risk factors include recent illness, co-sleeping, and exposure to
secondhand smoke. Breastfeeding and pacifier use are protective factors that decrease
SIDS risk.
2. An important milestone in the infant's life is the development of object
permanence. This milestone is represented by which of these statements?
A. The infant cries when hungry
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B. The infant smiles at caregivers
C. The infant turns and looks for the mother when she walks out of his view
D. The infant reaches for a toy
Correct Answer: C. The infant turns and looks for the mother when she walks out of
his view
Rationale: Object permanence is the understanding that objects and people continue to
exist even when not visible. An infant looking for a parent who leaves the room
demonstrates this milestone.
3. The type of play that infants engage in is called:
A. Parallel play
B. Solitary play
C. Associative play
D. Cooperative play
Correct Answer: B. Solitary play
Rationale: Infants engage in solitary play, playing alone with little attention to others.
Parallel play develops in toddlers, and cooperative play in school-aged children.
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4. What are the clinical manifestations of failure to thrive? (Select All That Apply.)
A. Growth failure
B. Developmental delays
C. Avoidance of eye contact
D. Increased appetite
E. Excessive weight gain
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Failure to thrive presents with growth failure, developmental delays, and
avoidance of eye contact (social withdrawal). Increased appetite and excessive weight
gain are not characteristic.
5. What must the nurse teach the parents of the child with cystic fibrosis about the
use of pancreatic enzymes?
A. Enzymes should be taken after meals
B. Extra enzymes must be taken with high-fat foods
C. Enzymes are only needed with large meals
D. Enzymes should be taken at bedtime
Correct Answer: B. Extra enzymes must be taken with high-fat foods
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Rationale: Pancreatic enzyme dosing is based on fat content of meals. High-fat foods
require additional enzymes to aid digestion and prevent steatorrhea.
6. A nurse is teaching an adolescent about the appropriate use of his asthma
medications. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the
adolescent to use before he participates in exercise?
A. Montelukast (Singulair)
B. Albuterol
C. Fluticasone (Flovent)
D. Cromolyn sodium
Correct Answer: B. Albuterol
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist used as a rescue medication before
exercise to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm.
7. A child with asthma is undergoing pulmonary function tests. What is the purpose of
the peak expiratory flow rate test?
A. To diagnose asthma
B. Used to assess the severity of asthma
NR 328 Pediatric Nursing Exam 1 2026/2027 Pediatric Care
Concepts Test Bank with Verified Answers and NCLEX
Rationales Grade A Comprehensive Review Guide
1. What factors have been shown to increase the risk of SIDS? (Select All That Apply.)
A. Recent illness
B. Sleeping with an adult (co-sleeping)
C. Smoking around the infant
D. Breastfeeding
E. Using a pacifier
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: SIDS risk factors include recent illness, co-sleeping, and exposure to
secondhand smoke. Breastfeeding and pacifier use are protective factors that decrease
SIDS risk.
2. An important milestone in the infant's life is the development of object
permanence. This milestone is represented by which of these statements?
A. The infant cries when hungry
,2|Page
B. The infant smiles at caregivers
C. The infant turns and looks for the mother when she walks out of his view
D. The infant reaches for a toy
Correct Answer: C. The infant turns and looks for the mother when she walks out of
his view
Rationale: Object permanence is the understanding that objects and people continue to
exist even when not visible. An infant looking for a parent who leaves the room
demonstrates this milestone.
3. The type of play that infants engage in is called:
A. Parallel play
B. Solitary play
C. Associative play
D. Cooperative play
Correct Answer: B. Solitary play
Rationale: Infants engage in solitary play, playing alone with little attention to others.
Parallel play develops in toddlers, and cooperative play in school-aged children.
,3|Page
4. What are the clinical manifestations of failure to thrive? (Select All That Apply.)
A. Growth failure
B. Developmental delays
C. Avoidance of eye contact
D. Increased appetite
E. Excessive weight gain
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Failure to thrive presents with growth failure, developmental delays, and
avoidance of eye contact (social withdrawal). Increased appetite and excessive weight
gain are not characteristic.
5. What must the nurse teach the parents of the child with cystic fibrosis about the
use of pancreatic enzymes?
A. Enzymes should be taken after meals
B. Extra enzymes must be taken with high-fat foods
C. Enzymes are only needed with large meals
D. Enzymes should be taken at bedtime
Correct Answer: B. Extra enzymes must be taken with high-fat foods
, 4|Page
Rationale: Pancreatic enzyme dosing is based on fat content of meals. High-fat foods
require additional enzymes to aid digestion and prevent steatorrhea.
6. A nurse is teaching an adolescent about the appropriate use of his asthma
medications. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the
adolescent to use before he participates in exercise?
A. Montelukast (Singulair)
B. Albuterol
C. Fluticasone (Flovent)
D. Cromolyn sodium
Correct Answer: B. Albuterol
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist used as a rescue medication before
exercise to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm.
7. A child with asthma is undergoing pulmonary function tests. What is the purpose of
the peak expiratory flow rate test?
A. To diagnose asthma
B. Used to assess the severity of asthma
