NR 507 Week 1-4 Midterm Exams
NR 507 Adv Pathophysiology
Actual Week 1 4 Midterm Exam
Complete 1- 100 Exam Questions
Proctored Via Examplify
Chamberlain University With
Correct Answers | 100% Pass
Guaranteed | Graded A+
🔬 SECTION 1: IMMUNE SYSTEM & HYPERSENSITIVITY
Question 1: Which cells are considered the "first responders" of the innate immune
system?
A) Macrophages
B) Neutrophils
C) T-lymphocytes
D) B-lymphocytes
Correct Answer: B) Neutrophils
Rationale: Neutrophils are the first immune cells to respond to infection or injury,
rapidly migrating to the site to phagocytize pathogens and release antimicrobial
, substances. Macrophages arrive later, while T- and B-lymphocytes are part of adaptive
immunity.
Question 2: What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of a Type I
hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Immune complex deposition
B) IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation
C) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
D) Antibody-dependent cell destruction
Correct Answer: B) IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation
Rationale: Type I hypersensitivity involves IgE binding to allergens, triggering mast cell
degranulation and release of histamine, causing symptoms like anaphylaxis or asthma.
Other options describe Types II, III, and IV hypersensitivity.
Question 3: Which condition is an example of a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Contact dermatitis
D) Systemic lupus erythematosus
Correct Answer: C) Contact dermatitis
Rationale: Type IV hypersensitivity is T-cell mediated and delayed, as seen in contact
dermatitis from allergens like poison ivy. Anaphylaxis (Type I), hemolytic anemia (Type
II), and lupus (Type III) involve different mechanisms.
Question 4: Allergic contact dermatitis (e.g., poison ivy) is an example of which
hypersensitivity reaction?
, A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Correct Answer: D) Type IV
Rationale: Poison ivy causes a delayed-type hypersensitivity (Type IV) reaction
mediated by T cells. The rash appears 24-72 hours after contact and is localized to the
area of exposure, unlike Type I reactions which are immediate.
Question 5: Hives (urticaria) are an example of which hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Correct Answer: A) Type I
Rationale: Urticaria (hives) is an immediate hypersensitivity reaction (Type I) mediated
by IgE and mast cell degranulation. Histamine release causes vasodilation, increased
vascular permeability, and itching.
Question 6: A patient with asthma experiences bronchoconstriction. Which
inflammatory mediator is primarily responsible?
A) Histamine
B) Interleukin-10
C) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
D) Prostaglandin E2
Correct Answer: A) Histamine
, Rationale: Histamine, released during mast cell degranulation, causes
bronchoconstriction and mucus production in asthma. Other mediators play roles but
are less primary in acute bronchoconstriction.
Question 7: Which laboratory finding would be expected with urticaria (hives)?
A) Neutrophilia
B) Lymphocytosis
C) Eosinophilia
D) Monocytosis
Correct Answer: C) Eosinophilia
Rationale: Eosinophilia is often seen in allergic conditions, including urticaria, due to the
release of eosinophil chemotactic factors from mast cells during Type I hypersensitivity
reactions.
Question 8: Anaphylaxis is what type of hypersensitivity reaction, and what is the
primary treatment?
A) Type II, antihistamines
B) Type III, corticosteroids
C) Type I, epinephrine
D) Type IV, topical steroids
Correct Answer: C) Type I, epinephrine
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic Type I hypersensitivity reaction. Epinephrine
is the first-line treatment because it reverses vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and
mucosal edema.
Question 9: In Type II (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity reactions, which antibodies are
primarily involved?
NR 507 Adv Pathophysiology
Actual Week 1 4 Midterm Exam
Complete 1- 100 Exam Questions
Proctored Via Examplify
Chamberlain University With
Correct Answers | 100% Pass
Guaranteed | Graded A+
🔬 SECTION 1: IMMUNE SYSTEM & HYPERSENSITIVITY
Question 1: Which cells are considered the "first responders" of the innate immune
system?
A) Macrophages
B) Neutrophils
C) T-lymphocytes
D) B-lymphocytes
Correct Answer: B) Neutrophils
Rationale: Neutrophils are the first immune cells to respond to infection or injury,
rapidly migrating to the site to phagocytize pathogens and release antimicrobial
, substances. Macrophages arrive later, while T- and B-lymphocytes are part of adaptive
immunity.
Question 2: What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of a Type I
hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Immune complex deposition
B) IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation
C) T-cell mediated cytotoxicity
D) Antibody-dependent cell destruction
Correct Answer: B) IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation
Rationale: Type I hypersensitivity involves IgE binding to allergens, triggering mast cell
degranulation and release of histamine, causing symptoms like anaphylaxis or asthma.
Other options describe Types II, III, and IV hypersensitivity.
Question 3: Which condition is an example of a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Contact dermatitis
D) Systemic lupus erythematosus
Correct Answer: C) Contact dermatitis
Rationale: Type IV hypersensitivity is T-cell mediated and delayed, as seen in contact
dermatitis from allergens like poison ivy. Anaphylaxis (Type I), hemolytic anemia (Type
II), and lupus (Type III) involve different mechanisms.
Question 4: Allergic contact dermatitis (e.g., poison ivy) is an example of which
hypersensitivity reaction?
, A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Correct Answer: D) Type IV
Rationale: Poison ivy causes a delayed-type hypersensitivity (Type IV) reaction
mediated by T cells. The rash appears 24-72 hours after contact and is localized to the
area of exposure, unlike Type I reactions which are immediate.
Question 5: Hives (urticaria) are an example of which hypersensitivity reaction?
A) Type I
B) Type II
C) Type III
D) Type IV
Correct Answer: A) Type I
Rationale: Urticaria (hives) is an immediate hypersensitivity reaction (Type I) mediated
by IgE and mast cell degranulation. Histamine release causes vasodilation, increased
vascular permeability, and itching.
Question 6: A patient with asthma experiences bronchoconstriction. Which
inflammatory mediator is primarily responsible?
A) Histamine
B) Interleukin-10
C) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
D) Prostaglandin E2
Correct Answer: A) Histamine
, Rationale: Histamine, released during mast cell degranulation, causes
bronchoconstriction and mucus production in asthma. Other mediators play roles but
are less primary in acute bronchoconstriction.
Question 7: Which laboratory finding would be expected with urticaria (hives)?
A) Neutrophilia
B) Lymphocytosis
C) Eosinophilia
D) Monocytosis
Correct Answer: C) Eosinophilia
Rationale: Eosinophilia is often seen in allergic conditions, including urticaria, due to the
release of eosinophil chemotactic factors from mast cells during Type I hypersensitivity
reactions.
Question 8: Anaphylaxis is what type of hypersensitivity reaction, and what is the
primary treatment?
A) Type II, antihistamines
B) Type III, corticosteroids
C) Type I, epinephrine
D) Type IV, topical steroids
Correct Answer: C) Type I, epinephrine
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic Type I hypersensitivity reaction. Epinephrine
is the first-line treatment because it reverses vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and
mucosal edema.
Question 9: In Type II (cytotoxic) hypersensitivity reactions, which antibodies are
primarily involved?
